摘要:
In a method for operating a diesel engine and a diesel engine, wherein engine emission control is provided by switching between a lean mode with superstoichiometric combustion air ratio λ>1 and a rich mode with substoichiometric combustion air ratio λ
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for operating a diesel engine in which an air ratio (λ) of the fuel which is to be burnt and of the combustion air supplied is set by a control unit (14) according to predetermined values. When a value (15) which is predetermined as a switching criterion is recorded, the control unit (14) switches to a special operating mode for regeneration of a catalytic converter (22) and sets the fuel/air ratio according to predetermined values for this operating mode.To achieve more effective regeneration of the catalytic converter, according to the invention it is provided that at least one afterinjection, which is separated in time from a main injection, of fuel which is also to be burnt takes place in the special operating mode.
摘要:
In a method for operating a combustion engine having an exhaust-gas turbocharger, it is possible to switch over between a normal operation and a special operation. In the special operation, at least one main fuel injection and at least one secondary fuel injection are provided. In response to a positive load jump, a switch-over between the normal operation and the special operation provided for increasing the exhaust gas enthalpy is performed, the secondary fuel injection in the special operation being adjusted so that it substantially burns in the combustion chamber and causes an increase in the exhaust gas enthalpy as well as an adjustment of a rich or a lean exhaust gas composition. The method according to the present invention may be used, for example, in a motor vehicle having a diesel engine.
摘要:
A noise maker stop assembly for use with a percussion foot pedal is described. The noise maker stop assembly typically comprises a noise maker attached to an extended elongated shaft, mounting brackets, and a bumper or tension strap for rapidly stopping the extended elongated shaft. Typically, the mounting brackets may be coupled to an existing standard percussion or similar foot pedal. The mounting brackets may also be configured so as to be coupled to a particular percussion foot pedal. A percussion foot pedal having an integrated noise maker stop assembly is also contemplated.
摘要:
The invention relates to a relay controller (500) for controlling an excitation current of a relay (300), wherein the relay controller (500) is designed, upon the energization of the relay (300) by means of a switch (210, 211, 221), to control the excitation current through the excitation winding (310) of the relay (300) in such a way that through the excitation winding (310) there flows firstly a pull-in current and, after a pull-in time has elapsed, through the excitation winding there flows a holding current that is lower than the pull-in current, and wherein the relay controller (500) is designed, upon the switching-off of the relay by means of the switch (210, 211, 221), to feed a commutation current that flows through the excitation winding (310) to the commutation device (400) through the first terminal (501) and through the second terminal (502) of the relay controller (500).
摘要:
A power supply circuit is disclosed herein comprising a load current path for connecting a load which has a switching element. The power supply circuit also includes a current sensor for providing a current measurement signal dependent on a current through the load current path. A drive circuit is also included which provides a clocked drive signal with a number of drive cycles, in each case having an on period and an off period, for the switching element. A temperature sensor arrangement with a temperature sensor is provided for determining an environmental temperature in the area of the temperature sensor, which provides a temperature measurement signal dependent on the environmental temperature. The clocked drive signal is dependent on the current measurement signal and the temperature measurement signal.
摘要:
A protection arrangement for a power semiconductor component made of a plurality of cells, in which a current sensor made of a current sense transistor and current sense resistors and also a temperature sensor, is disclosed. The current sense transistor and the temperature sensor are provided in a gap or in different gaps between the cells, while the current sense resistor is fitted directly on at least one cell. The temperature sensor may, include a plurality of stages which are located from the center of the power semiconductor component to an edge of the latter in the gap between two cells.
摘要:
A circuit arrangement includes a first switch device and at least a second switch device. The first switch device is operably coupled to alternately switch on and off a first operating current to a first light-emitting diode arrangement such that the first light-emitting diode arrangement has a first brightness. The second switch device is operably coupled to alternately switch on and off a second operating current to a second light-emitting diode arrangement such that the second light-emitting diode arrangement has a second brightness. The circuit arrangement further includes a logic device configured to control the first and second switch devices that the first and second switch devices do not both switch on simultaneously.
摘要:
A mounting method for a semiconductor component. The method includes application of solder material to the semiconductor component, application of at least one contact/mounting element made of semiconductor material and/or metal and/or insulator material to the solder material, heating of at least one part of the semiconductor component to a temperature lying above the melting point of the solder material by impressing an electrical power into the semiconductor component, as a result of which corresponding soldering connections arise between the semiconductor component and the at least one contact/mounting element, and cooling of the connection complex that comprises the semiconductor component and at least one contact/mounting element and was produced in the preceding step.
摘要:
An apparatus for killing insects, the apparatus including an electrical mechanism for killing insects, an inner shell, the inner shell being surrounded by the electrical mechanism, and a mosquito attracting device within the inner shell. The insect attracting device includes a fan, a heat source, and a source of CO2. The inner shell has a plurality of openings in the inner shell for ejecting heated air and CO2 from within the inner shell, the openings being formed by indentations in the surface of the inner shell, each indentation being open at one end so as to form an opening which lies substantially perpendicularly to the extending axis of the inner shell. The insect attracting device further includes a mechanism for closing the source of CO2 and for stopping the fan when the temperature within the inner shell goes below the temperature. The insect attracting device further includes a moisture source, and an insect attractant. The apparatus for killing insects also includes a mechanism for opening the source of CO2 and for starting the fan when the temperature within the inner shell reaches a certain temperature.