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11 条记录 (耗时 0.05 秒)

    Method for evaluating a system for electrodeposition of metals
    5.
    发明授权
    Method for evaluating a system for electrodeposition of metals 失效
    用于评估金属电沉积体系的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4146437A

    公开(公告)日：1979-03-27

    申请号：US831811

    申请日：1977-09-09

    申请人： Thomas J. O'Keefe

    发明人： Thomas J. O'Keefe

    IPC分类号： G01N27/48 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N27/46

    CPC分类号： G01N27/48

    摘要： A method is provided for evaluating an unknown electrolytic system comprising an electrolytic solution and electrodes for electrodeposition of metal with respect to determining the performance characteristics of the electrolytic solution, detection of impurities and additives in the electrolytic solution, estimation of the current efficiency characteristics of the system, or determining the performance characteristics of an electrode. An electrolytic circuit is established comprising a sample of the electrolytic solution for the system, two electrodes immersed in the solution and spaced from one another therein, and a variable and reversible voltage source having its output terminals respectively connected to the electrodes. A predetermined initial voltage is applied to one of the electrodes constituting a working electrode. Thereafter, the voltage is varied in the negative direction until a predetermined cathodic current or predetermined maximum voltage sufficient to cause a cathodic reaction is attained at the working electrode. The direction of the voltage change is then reversed and the voltage is varied in the positive direction until a predetermined minimum voltage or a predetermined minimum current is attained at the working electrode. This process is repeated through a plurality of cycles and the current obtained is recorded as a function of voltage for a selected cycle. The performance characteristics of the sample solution, the presence of an impurity or additive, the current efficiency, or the working electrode characteristics are determined according to the recorded relationship between current and voltage. This method is useful in the control of electrodeposition processes since it not only provides a basis for evaluating electrolytic solutions and electrodes but further constitutes an analytical tool adapted for determining compositional adjustments necessary for optimum cell performance.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种用于评价包含电解溶液的电解质的电解质和电解电极的电极的方法，用于确定电解液的性能特征，检测电解液中的杂质和添加剂，估计电解液的电流效率特性 系统，或确定电极的性能特征。 建立了一个电解电路，其包括用于该系统的电解溶液的样品，两个浸在该溶液中并彼此间隔开的电极，以及其可变和可逆电压源，其输出端分别连接到电极。 将预定的初始电压施加到构成工作电极的电极之一。 此后，电压在负方向变化，直到在工作电极上达到足以引起阴极反应的预定阴极电流或预定最大电压。 然后电压变化的方向被反转，并且电压在正方向上变化，直到在工作电极上达到预定的最小电压或预定的最小电流。 该过程通过多个周期重复，并且所获得的电流作为选定周期的电压的函数被记录。 根据记录的电流和电压之间的关系，确定样品溶液的性能特征，杂质或添加剂的存在，电流效率或工作电极特性。 该方法在电沉积方法的控制中是有用的，因为它不仅提供了评估电解溶液和电极的基础，而且还构成适用于确定最佳电池性能所需的组成调节的分析工具。

    Electroless plating method for treating teeth
    9.
    发明授权
    Electroless plating method for treating teeth 失效
    化学镀方法治疗牙齿

    公开(公告)号：US3995371A

    公开(公告)日：1976-12-07

    申请号：US513654

    申请日：1974-10-10

    申请人： Thomas J. O'Keefe

    发明人： Thomas J. O'Keefe

    IPC分类号： A61C5/04 ,  A61C5/08 ,  A61K6/04 ,  A61K5/02 ,  C23C3/02

    CPC分类号： A61C5/04 ,  A61C5/08 ,  A61K6/0017 ,  A61K6/05

    摘要： An electroless plating method for providing a thin adherent substantially continuous metallic layer over an osseous substrate such as a tooth structure. The method comprises contacting the substrate with an aqueous plating mixture containing a water-soluble salt of a metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, nickel, platinum, palladium and tin, and a reducing agent for the metal ions of said salt. The plating mixture is maintained in contact with the substrate for a time sufficient for the metallic layer to form thereon. The metallic layer so provided is adapted for subsequent application of a tooth restorative material such as a dental amalgam for carrying out a tooth restoration.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于在诸如牙齿结构的骨骼基底上提供薄的粘附的基本上连续的金属层的化学镀方法。 该方法包括使基材与含有选自金，银，铜，镍，铂，钯和锡的金属的水溶性盐的水性电镀混合物接触，以及所述金属离子的还原剂 盐。 使电镀混合物与衬底保持接触足够的时间以使金属层在其上形成。 如此提供的金属层适用于随后应用齿修复材料，例如用于进行牙修复的牙科汞合金。

    Method for stripping metals in solvent extraction
    10.
    发明授权
    Method for stripping metals in solvent extraction 失效
    汽提金属溶剂萃取方法

    公开(公告)号：US5228903A

    公开(公告)日：1993-07-20

    申请号：US728209

    申请日：1991-07-10

    申请人： Thomas J. O'Keefe

    发明人： Thomas J. O'Keefe

    IPC分类号： C22B3/30 ,  C22B3/38

    CPC分类号： C22B3/0068 ,  C22B3/0017 ,  Y02P10/234 ,  Y10S423/14

    摘要： Aqueous solutions containing metal cations, that may include cations of both desired metal and impurity or secondary metal, are treated with an organic liquid extractant suitable for the extraction of cations of the desired metal, cations of at least one secondary metal being co-extracted. After phase disengagement, the loaded organic phase containing cations of either a desired metal or desired metal together with at least one secondary metal is contacted with a solid metal or solid metal alloy capable of reducing in the organic phase cations of either a desired metal or a secondary metal from a higher to a lower state of oxidation. Depending on the extracted metal(s) and the added solid metal or alloy, cations of the at least one extracted metal are reduced to the lower state of oxidation and either are deposited (cemented) in the metallic state onto the solid metal or alloy, or are partially reduced in the organic phase to a lower oxidation state with the solid metal or alloy being oxidized in part. The method of galvanic stripping is carried out at ambient pressures and at ambient or slightly elevated temperatures.

    摘要翻译： 含有金属阳离子的水溶液，其可以包括所需金属和杂质或二次金属的阳离子，用适于提取所需金属的阳离子的有机液体萃取剂，共同提取的至少一种二次金属的阳离子来处理。 相分离后，将所需金属或所需金属的阳离子与至少一种二次金属一起加载的有机相与能够在有机相中还原期望的金属的阳离子的固体金属或固体金属合金接触， 二次金属从较高到较低的氧化态。 取决于所提取的金属和所添加的固体金属或合金，至少一种提取的金属的阳离子被还原成较低的氧化态，并且以金属状态沉积（胶合）到固体金属或合金上， 或者在固体金属或合金被部分氧化的情况下在有机相中部分还原成较低的氧化态。 电解汽提的方法在环境压力和环境温度或略高的温度下进行。