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公开(公告)号：US5486459A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-23
申请号：US380195
申请日：1995-01-30
CPC分类号： C12Q1/22 , Y10S435/81 , Y10S435/832 , Y10S435/842 , Y10S435/92
摘要： The invention is directed to biological processes and apparatus for determining the efficacy of a sterilization cycle based upon the recovery of activity of interactive enzyme systems comprising enzymes, coenzymes, catalysts, cofactors, substrates or any other necessary reagents. The invention provides a vital process for expediting sterility verification before utilization of the articles thought to be sterilized. The invention involves the rapid detection of any surviving interactive enzymatic activity which directly relates to the probability of any biological spores surviving in a test sample. An absence of a change indicates that the sterilization process had inactivated the enzyme system thereby preventing the interactive reaction from taking place which is a rapid equivalent to directly detecting the survivability of bacterial spores in a similar test. The methods and apparatus of the invention are useful in the health care industry such as in hospitals, laboratories, and research institutions, in food and environmental technology, and in all technologies which utilize sterilization in manufacturing, production or waste disposal.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于基于包含酶，辅酶，催化剂，辅因子，底物或任何其它必需试剂的相互作用的酶系统的活性的恢复来确定灭菌循环的功效的生物过程和装置。 本发明提供了在使用被认为消毒的物品之前加速无菌验证的重要过程。 本发明涉及快速检测任何存活的互动酶活性，其直接涉及在测试样品中存活的任何生物孢子的概率。 没有变化表明灭菌过程已经使酶系统失活，从而防止相互作用反应的发生，其在类似试验中快速等同于直接检测细菌孢子的生存性。 本发明的方法和装置在医疗保健行业如医院，实验室和研究机构，食品和环境技术以及在制造，生产或废物处理中利用灭菌的所有技术中都是有用的。
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公开(公告)号：US20170210674A9
公开(公告)日：2017-07-27
申请号：US13104127
申请日：2011-05-10
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , James P. Carr , Gary L. Dahms
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , James P. Carr , Gary L. Dahms
CPC分类号： C05C3/005 , C05B7/00 , C05C3/00 , C05C9/00 , C05D9/02 , C05F7/00 , C05G3/0041 , Y02A40/213 , C05D3/02 , C05F3/00
摘要： The invention describes a new method for treating sludge, which can result in the production of high nitrogen organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that incorporates municipal sludges or biosolids or organic sludges that can compete with traditional fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and urea on the commodity fertilizer marketplace. The method takes advantage of the thixotropic property of dewatered biosolids or organic sludge to create a pumpable paste-like material from the biosolids or organic sludge that is then treated with an oxidizer to reduce odorant effects and an acid. This mix is then interacted with concentrated sulfuric and or phosphoric acids and an ammonia source or alternatively a hot or molten melt or salt of ammonium sulfate/phosphate to form a fertilizer mix. The present invention controls the heat, atmospheric pressure and retention time of the fertilizer mix in the reaction vessel. When a fertilizer melt is formed ammoniation is subsequently completed by the specific use of vaporized ammonia. The invention can also be an add-on to commercial production of ammonium salts. The fertilizer produced by the present invention contains more than 8 wt. % nitrogen and preferably 15 wt. % nitrogen. The invention is oriented to be tailored to the biosolids production for individual municipal waste treatment plants in order to keep the fertilizer manufacturing plants of the present invention small with a minimization of logistics and liability.
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公开(公告)号：US08557013B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-15
申请号：US12981933
申请日：2010-12-30
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , James P. Carr , Gary L. Dahms
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , James P. Carr , Gary L. Dahms
CPC分类号： C05F11/00 , C05B7/00 , C05B17/00 , C05C1/00 , C05C3/00 , C05C9/00 , C05C11/00 , C05D1/00 , C05D9/02 , C05F3/00 , C05F3/06 , C05F7/00 , C05F9/00 , C05F11/08 , C05F17/00 , C05F17/0027 , C05G1/00 , C05G3/00 , Y02A40/205 , Y02A40/208 , Y02A40/213 , Y02A40/214 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P20/145 , Y02W30/43 , C05F5/008
摘要： The invention is directed to processes for treating biosolids that result in high-value, nitrogen-containing, slow-release, organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that are competitive with less valuable or more costly conventional commercially manufactured fertilizers. The process involves conditioning traditional waste-water biosolids and processing the conditioned biosolids continuously in a high throughput manufacturing facility. The exothermic design and closed loop control of the primary reaction vessel decreases significantly the amount of power necessary to run a manufacturing facility. The process utilizes green technologies to facilitate decreased waste and enhanced air quality standards over traditional processing plants. The fertilizer produced from recovered biosolid waste is safe and meets or exceeds the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) Class A and Exceptional Quality standards and is not subject to restrictions or regulations.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于处理生物固体的方法，其产生高价值，含氮，缓释，有机增强的无机肥料，其与较不有价值或更昂贵的常规商业制造的肥料竞争。 该方法包括调节传统的废水生物固体，并在高产量制造设施中连续处理调节的生物固体。 初级反应容器的放热设计和闭环控制显着降低了运行制造设施所需的功率。 该过程利用绿色技术来促进减少浪费，提高空气质量标准。 从回收的生物固体废物中生产的肥料是安全的，符合或超过美国环境保护局（USEPA）A类和卓越的质量标准，不受限制或规定。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08105413B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-31
申请号：US11359751
申请日：2006-02-23
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham
CPC分类号： C05C3/00 , C05B7/00 , C05C1/00 , C05D9/02 , C05F7/00 , C05G3/0041 , Y02A40/213 , C05C1/02 , C05C9/00 , C05D3/02 , C05F3/00
摘要： The invention describes a new method for the production of high nitrogen organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that incorporates municipal biosolids or organic sludges that can compete with traditional fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and urea on the commodity fertilizer marketplace. The method creates a thixotropic paste-like material from the biosolids or organic sludge that is blended with hot or molten ammonium salts, especially a mixture of ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate. The invention can be an add-on to commercial production of ammonium salts or it can stand alone by manufacturing ammonium salts prior to their introduction to the conditioned biosolids. The invention is oriented to be tailored to production facilities for individual municipal waste treatment plants in order to keep manufacturing plants small with a minimization of logistics and liability.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种生产高氮有机增强无机肥料的新方法，其中包含市售生物固体或有机污泥，可在商品肥料市场上与传统肥料如磷酸铵，硫酸铵和尿素竞争。 该方法从生物固体或与热或熔融铵盐，特别是磷酸铵和硫酸铵的混合物混合的有机污泥中产生触变性糊状材料。 本发明可以是商业生产铵盐的附加物，或者可以在引入调节的生物固体之前通过制造铵盐来独立存在。 本发明旨在针对个别城市废物处理厂的生产设施进行定制，以便尽可能减少物流和责任，从而使制造工厂保持小型化。
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公开(公告)号：US07662205B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-16
申请号：US11371238
申请日：2006-03-09
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham
CPC分类号： C05F7/00 , C05C3/00 , Y02A40/213 , C05D3/02 , C05F3/00
摘要： This invention is directed to systems, devices and methods for modifying the process of producing dried biosolids pellets or granules into beneficiated inorganically-augmented bioorganic fertilizer. The present invention describes a method to beneficiate heat-dried biosolids or sludge pellets or granules as presently manufactured by municipalities or companies from a) dewatered municipal wastewater biosolids or sludges within the municipal wastewater treatment plant heat-dried biosolids production facility or from b) finished dry heat dried biosolids pellets or granules in a separate manufacturing facility from the municipal wastewater treatment plant to produce a fertilizer containing sufficient organic and inorganic plant nutrients to be valuable and saleable into the commercial agricultural industry. The present invention describes beneficiation methods to increase the plant nutrient content to a level which permits the finished beneficiated dried biosolids pellet or granule product to compete in the commercial agricultural fertilizer marketplace and also to reduce the odors associated with traditionally-produced heat dried biosolids.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于改变生产干燥的生物固体颗粒或颗粒到精选的无机增殖的生物有机肥料中的方法的系统，装置和方法。 本发明描述了一种用于选择目前由市政府或公司制造的热干燥生物固体或污泥颗粒或颗粒的方法，所述方法包括：（a）城市污水处理厂热干生物固体生产设施内的脱水城市废水生物固体或污泥，或b）完成 在与城市污水处理厂的分开的制造设施中的干燥热干燥生物固体颗粒或颗粒，以产生含有足够的有机和无机植物营养物质的肥料，以有价值地销售到商业农业中。 本发明描述了将植物营养物质含量增加到允许成品精选干燥的生物固体颗粒或颗粒产品在商业农业肥料市场中竞争并且还减少与传统生产的热干燥生物固体相关的气味的水平的选择方法。
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6.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07513927B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-07
申请号：US10738983
申请日：2003-12-19
摘要： Disclosed herein are methods of inhibiting chemical self-heating in organic-containing materials by the addition of phosphate and or other buffering agents which control the pH of the organic-containing material and alter the organic nature of the material such that self-heating reaction is inhibited, and fertilizer produced by these methods. Also disclosed are methods for producing an improved, i.e., self-heating resistant, organically-enhanced inorganic fertilizer and methods for improving the management of soil pH and the interaction of fertilizers with the soil and associated agricultural crops.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了通过添加磷酸盐和/或其它缓冲剂来抑制含有机物质的化学自加热的方法，所述缓冲剂控制含有机物质的pH并改变材料的有机性质，使得自加热反应为 抑制和通过这些方法产生的肥料。 还公开了用于生产改进的，即自加热的有机增强的无机肥料的方法和用于改进土壤pH值的控制和肥料与土壤和相关农作物的相互作用的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US6083387A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-04
申请号：US667028
申请日：1996-06-20
IPC分类号： A23L2/50 , A23L3/28 , A61L2/10 , A61L11/00 , B01J19/08 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/12 , B01J19/24 , C02F1/02 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/36 , C02F1/48 , C02F1/68 , C02F9/00 , B01D15/00
CPC分类号： C02F9/005 , A23L2/50 , A23L3/28 , A61L11/00 , A61L2/10 , B01J19/081 , B01J19/087 , B01J19/10 , B01J19/123 , B01J19/243 , C02F1/325 , C02F1/48 , B01J2219/00139 , B01J2219/0852 , B01J2219/0854 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/36 , C02F1/40 , C02F2101/32 , C02F2103/023 , C02F2103/34 , C02F2301/024 , C02F2303/04 , C02F2303/24
摘要： This invention relates to apparatus and methods for the disinfection of fluids and, in particular, to the disinfection of industrial fluids with ultraviolet radiation. These fluids are typically used in manufacturing as coolants in both long and short assembly lines. They commonly accumulate contaminants from multiple and diverse sources including oil and microorganisms. Fluids can be disinfected by establishing a fluid flow rate sufficient to prevent occlusion of the walls of the ultraviolet transmissible portion by contaminants. Fluids may be so heavily contaminated so as to require removal of at least a minimum percentage of contaminants (MPC) prior to irradiation. Such fluids may be processed to remove the minimum percentage of contaminants according to the equation: MPC=102-(23.45.times.lnV). Subject to removal of the MPC, a flow rate can be established to prevent occlusion of ultraviolet-transmissible portions of the flow path and thereby successfully treat the fluid with a disinfecting amount of ultraviolet radiation. Using these methods, microorganism levels can be greatly reduced with a reduced need for biocides or other anti-bacterial or anti-fungal agents. The methods and apparatus of the invention also comprise a flattened-tube mechanism for increased exposure to UV radiation and a turbulence-generating system to increase effectiveness of radiation treatments. Turbulence-generating systems include means for creating pressure differentials or aeration in the fluid stream as well as various types of structures such as ribbons, paddles, cones, beads or vanes that can be placed within the lumen of the tubing system. These methods are highly effective at extending the useful life of fluids such as coolants and reducing or eliminating the risks posed to workers by heavily contaminated or biocide-treated coolants.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于消毒流体的装置和方法，特别涉及用紫外线辐射消毒工业流体的装置和方法。 这些流体通常用于制造长和短组装线中的冷却剂。 它们通常会积聚多种不同来源的污染物，包括油和微生物。 可以通过建立足以防止紫外线传播部分的壁被污染物堵塞的流体流速来消除流体。 流体可能受到如此严重的污染，以便在照射之前要求除去至少最少百分比的污染物（MPC）。 可以按照以下等式处理这些流体以除去最小百分比的污染物：MPC = 102-（23.45×lnV）。 在去除MPC的情况下，可以建立流量以防止流路的紫外线透射部分的遮挡，从而以消毒量的紫外线辐射成功地处理流体。 使用这些方法，可以大大降低微生物水平，同时减少对杀生物剂或其它抗菌或抗真菌剂的需要。 本发明的方法和装置还包括用于增加暴露于UV辐射的扁平管机构和用于增加辐射治疗效果的湍流产生系统。 湍流产生系统包括用于在流体流中产生压差或曝气的装置以及可以放置在管道系统的内腔内的各种类型的结构，例如带状物，桨叶，锥体，珠粒或叶片。 这些方法在延长流体如冷却剂的使用寿命方面非常有效，并减少或消除了受重污染或杀生物剂处理的冷却剂对工人造成的风险。
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公开(公告)号：US09695092B2
公开(公告)日：2017-07-04
申请号：US13104127
申请日：2011-05-10
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , James P. Carr , Gary L. Dahms
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , James P. Carr , Gary L. Dahms
CPC分类号： C05C3/005 , C05B7/00 , C05C3/00 , C05C9/00 , C05D9/02 , C05F7/00 , C05G3/0041 , Y02A40/213 , C05D3/02 , C05F3/00
摘要： The invention describes a new method for treating sludge, which can result in the production of high nitrogen organically-augmented inorganic fertilizer that incorporates municipal sludges or biosolids or organic sludges that can compete with traditional fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate and urea on the commodity fertilizer marketplace. The method takes advantage of the thixotropic property of dewatered biosolids or organic sludge to create a pumpable paste-like material from the biosolids or organic sludge that is then treated with an oxidizer to reduce odorant effects and an acid. This mix is then interacted with concentrated sulfuric and or phosphoric acids and an ammonia source or alternatively a hot or molten melt or salt of ammonium sulfate/phosphate to form a fertilizer mix. The present invention controls the heat, atmospheric pressure and retention time of the fertilizer mix in the reaction vessel. When a fertilizer melt is formed ammoniation is subsequently completed by the specific use of vaporized ammonia. The invention can also be an add-on to commercial production of ammonium salts. The fertilizer produced by the present invention contains more than 8 wt. % nitrogen and preferably 15 wt. % nitrogen. The invention is oriented to be tailored to the biosolids production for individual municipal waste treatment plants in order to keep the fertilizer manufacturing plants of the present invention small with a minimization of logistics and liability.
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公开(公告)号：US20120234063A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-20
申请号：US13472828
申请日：2012-05-16
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham
IPC分类号： C05F7/00
CPC分类号： C05B17/00 , A45D20/18 , C02F11/06 , C02F11/14 , C05C3/00 , C05C7/00 , C05C11/00 , C05F3/00 , C05F5/008 , C05F7/00 , C05F9/00 , C05F11/00 , C05G3/0088 , Y02A40/205 , Y02A40/212 , Y02A40/213 , Y02A40/214 , Y02P20/145 , Y02W30/43 , C05D3/02
摘要： This invention is directed to systems, devices and methods to beneficiate heat-dried biosolids or sludge pellets or granules as presently manufactured by municipalities or companies from a) dewatered municipal wastewater biosolids or sludges within the municipal wastewater treatment plant heat-dried biosolids production facility or from b) finished dry heat dried biosolids pellets or granules in a separate manufacturing facility from the municipal wastewater treatment plant to produce a fertilizer containing sufficient organic and inorganic plant nutrients to be valuable and saleable into the commercial agricultural industry. The present invention describes beneficiation methods to increase the plant nutrient content of the fertilizer and also to reduce the odors associated with traditionally-produced heat dried biosolids.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于选择目前由市政府或公司制造的热干燥生物固体或污泥颗粒或颗粒的系统，装置和方法，所述生物固体或污泥颗粒或颗粒来自a）市政废水处理厂热干生物固体生产设施内的脱水市政废水生物固体或污泥，或 从b）在与城市污水处理厂的分开的制造设施中完成干燥的热干燥生物固体颗粒或颗粒，以生产含有足够的有机和无机植物营养物质的肥料，以有价值地销售到商业农业中。 本发明描述了增加肥料的植物营养含量并且还减少与传统生产的热干燥生物固体相关的气味的选矿方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08057569B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-15
申请号：US12847630
申请日：2010-07-30
申请人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , Gary L. Dahms
发明人： Jeffrey C. Burnham , Gary L. Dahms
摘要： The invention is directed to methods for producing a granular nitrogen fertilizer from an organic material comprising adding a metallic salt to said organic material to form a slurry. Preferably the organic material comprises dewatered biosolids and contains water from a scrubber. Metallic salts that can be used comprise a salt of iron, zinc, or a mixture thereof. Preferred iron salts comprises ferric sulfate or ferric oxide, and preferred zinc salts comprises zinc sulfate or zinc oxide. Preferably, the metallic salt is mixed with an acid such as sulfuric acid to form an acidified metal salt. Slurry pH ranges from approximately 2-2.5. The acidified metal salt is added to the organic material in sufficient quantity to lower viscosity of the slurry such that the resulting fluid does not hinder fluid flow during operation. When the metallic salt comprises acidified ferric sulfate or ferrous sulfate, sufficient iron can be present to produce a fertilizer product with 0.1 weight percent to 10 weight percent iron sulfate calculated on a dry weight basis. The invention is also directed to fertilizer products made by the methods of the invention. Preferred products are granules and the metallic salt increases product hardness. Fertilizer granules preferably contain metal that is bioavailable to a plant when used as a fertilizer. Solubility of the metal of the product in water is enhanced, and the product is low staining.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从有机材料制备颗粒状氮肥的方法，包括向所述有机材料中加入金属盐以形成浆料。 优选地，有机材料包括脱水生物固体并含有来自洗涤器的水。 可以使用的金属盐包括铁，锌或其混合物的盐。 优选的铁盐包括硫酸铁或氧化铁，优选的锌盐包括硫酸锌或氧化锌。 优选地，金属盐与酸如硫酸混合以形成酸化的金属盐。 浆液pH范围约2-2.5。 将酸化的金属盐以足够的量加入到有机材料中以降低浆料的粘度，使得所得流体在操作期间不阻碍流体流动。 当金属盐包括酸化的硫酸铁或硫酸亚铁时，可以存在足够的铁以产生以干重计算的0.1重量％至10重量％的硫酸铁的肥料产品。 本发明还涉及通过本发明的方法制备的肥料产品。 优选的产品是颗粒剂，金属盐提高了产品的硬度。 当用作肥料时，肥料颗粒优选含有对植物生物可利用的金属。 产品的金属在水中的溶解度增强，产品染色浅。
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