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公开(公告)号：US07210640B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-01
申请号：US10012868
申请日：2001-11-30
IPC分类号： B05B1/26
CPC分类号： F02B23/0696 , F02B1/12 , F02B23/0669 , F02M61/18 , F02M61/1806 , Y02T10/125
摘要： An apparatus and method for multi-mode fuel injection is disclosed. A sleeve is disposed about a fuel injector tip movable between a first and second position and wherein the sleeve is capable of impinging the fuel spray as it enters into the combustion chamber. By impinging the fuel spray, different spray profiles or plumes can be obtained allowing the fuel injector to inject in different modes, including homogenous charge compression ignition.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于多模式燃料喷射的装置和方法。 燃料喷射器顶端设置有一个套筒，其可在第一和第二位置之间移动，并且其中所述套筒能够在进入燃烧室时撞击燃料喷雾。 通过撞击燃料喷雾，可以获得不同的喷射轮廓或羽流，允许燃料喷射器以不同的模式进行喷射，包括均匀的充气压缩点火。
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2.发明授权Homogenous charge compression ignition engine having a cylinder including a high compression space 失效均质充量压缩点火发动机具有包括高压缩空间的气缸公开(公告)号：US06668788B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US10029417
申请日：2001-12-20
IPC分类号： F02B1904
CPC分类号： F02D41/3041 , F02B1/12 , F02B19/04 , F02B2275/14 , F02D15/04 , Y02T10/123 , Y02T10/125 , Y02T10/128
摘要： The present invention relates generally to the field of homogeneous charge compression engines. In these engines, fuel is injected upstream or directly into the cylinder when the power piston is relatively close to its bottom dead center position. The fuel mixes with air in the cylinder as the power piston advances to create a relatively lean homogeneous mixture that preferably ignites when the power piston is relatively close to the top dead center position. However, if the ignition event occurs either earlier or later than desired, lowered performance, engine misfire, or even engine damage, can result. Thus, the present invention divides the homogeneous charge between a controlled volume higher compression space and a lower compression space to better control the start of ignition.
摘要翻译： 本发明一般涉及均质充气压缩机的领域。 在这些发动机中，当动力活塞相对靠近其下止点位置时，燃料在上游或直接注入气缸。 当动力活塞前进时，燃料与气缸中的空气混合，以产生相对较稀的均质混合物，当动力活塞相对靠近上止点位置时，其优选点燃。 然而，如果点火事件早于或晚于期望发生，则可能导致性能下降，发动机失火甚至发动机损坏。 因此，本发明在受控体积较高的压缩空间和较低的压缩空间之间划分均匀的电荷，以更好地控制点火的开始。
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公开(公告)号：US08381691B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-26
申请号：US12611340
申请日：2009-11-03
申请人： John M. Clarke
发明人： John M. Clarke
IPC分类号： F01B7/12
CPC分类号： F01B7/14 , F02B75/282 , F02M61/14 , F02M69/045
摘要： An engine includes a first piston with surfaces that define a substantially cylindrical chamber inside the first piston and a passage into the substantially cylindrical chamber. One or more second pistons are arranged to reciprocate inside the substantially cylindrical chamber and to define, in cooperation with the substantially cylindrical chamber, a combustion chamber. A fuel injector extends at least partially through the passage in the first piston to inject fuel into the combustion chamber. The first piston is arranged to move in a reciprocating manner relative to the fuel injector.
摘要翻译： 发动机包括具有在第一活塞内部限定基本上圆柱形的室的表面的第一活塞和进入大致圆柱形室的通道。 一个或多个第二活塞被布置成在基本上圆柱形的腔室内往复运动，并且与基本上圆柱形的腔室协作地限定燃烧室。 燃料喷射器至少部分地延伸穿过第一活塞中的通道以将燃料喷射到燃烧室中。 第一活塞被布置成相对于燃料喷射器以往复运动方式移动。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5699758A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-23
申请号：US601897
申请日：1996-02-15
申请人： John M. Clarke
发明人： John M. Clarke
CPC分类号： F02B69/06 , F02B75/02 , F02B75/021 , F02B2075/025 , F02B2075/027
摘要： A method for operating a reciprocating piston-type internal combustion engine selectively in two-stroke, four-stroke, and six-stroke mode includes: providing transfer valves, transfer passage means between piston cylinders, selectively controlling the actuation and timing of the intake, exhaust and transfer valves, and alternatively operating the intake and exhaust valves for each piston cylinder in overlapping sequence during each crankshaft revolution to provide two-stroke operation, operating the intake and exhaust valves in sequence during each second crankshaft revolution to provide four-stroke operation, operating the intake, exhaust, and transfer valves sequentially to cause a secondary expansion stroke in an adjacent piston cylinder to provide six-stroke operation of the engine.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在二冲程，四冲程和六冲程模式中选择性地运行往复式活塞式内燃机的方法包括：提供转换阀，活塞气缸之间的输送通道装置，选择性地控制进气的致动和定时， 排气和转换阀，并且在每个曲轴转动期间以重叠的顺序操作每个活塞缸的进气和排气阀以提供二冲程操作，在每个第二曲轴转动期间依次操作进气门和排气门，以提供四冲程操作 ，依次操作进气排气和转换阀，以在相邻的活塞气缸中产生二次膨胀冲程以提供发动机的六冲程操作。
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公开(公告)号：US5497743A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US364485
申请日：1994-12-27
申请人： John M. Clarke
发明人： John M. Clarke
CPC分类号： F02M61/042 , F02M61/06 , F02M61/18 , F02M2200/29
摘要： A fuel injector includes an injector housing having an inlet and a plurality of discharge orifices. The inlet permits fuel to flow into the injector housing, and the plurality of discharge orifices permit fuel to flow out of the injector housing and into the combustion cylinder. A first variable restriction in the injector housing variably controls the flow of fuel to the plurality of discharge orifices. A second variable restriction in the injector housing variably controls the flow of fuel to the first variable restriction. The first and second variable restrictions independently control momentum and flow rate of the fuel.
摘要翻译： 燃料喷射器包括具有入口和多个排出孔的喷射器壳体。 入口允许燃料流入喷射器壳体，并且多个排出孔允许燃料从喷射器壳体流出并进入燃烧气缸。 喷射器壳体中的第一可变限制可变地控制燃料流向多个排出孔。 喷射器壳体中的第二可变限制可变地控制燃料流到第一可变限制。 第一和第二个可变限制独立地控制燃料的动量和流量。
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公开(公告)号：US5339775A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US176928
申请日：1994-01-03
摘要： Conventional cooling arrangements for the piston assemblies mounted within an engine block include the use of coolant that is circulated through the engine block. Generally, a plurality of cavities or water jackets are positioned in areas of high heat production within the engine block and the coolant is circulated between them and a radiator dissipate the heat created through engine operation. This method of cooling however requires the engine block to be stationary with respect to the pistons that reciprocated within to facilitate the circulation of the coolant within the block. The present invention provides a cooling arrangement for a first piston member that reciprocates within an engine block and in turn mounts at least one second piston member therewithin. The first piston member includes a sealed cavity that is positioned about a bore in which the second piston member is mounted for reciprocation. The cavity contains a cooling agent that dissipates the heat created within the first piston member as it reciprocates within the engine block.
摘要翻译： 安装在发动机缸体内的活塞组件的常规冷却装置包括使用通过发动机缸体循环的冷却剂。 通常，多个空腔或水套被定位在发动机缸体内的高发热区域中，并且冷却剂在它们之间循环并且散热器耗散通过发动机运转产生的热量。 然而，这种冷却方法要求发动机缸体相对于往复运动的活塞是静止的，以便于冷却剂在块内的循环。 本发明提供了一种用于第一活塞构件的冷却装置，该第一活塞构件在发动机缸体内往复运动，并在其中安装至少一个第二活塞构件。 第一活塞构件包括密封空腔，其围绕第二活塞构件安装用于往复运动的孔定位。 空腔包含冷却剂，其在第一活塞构件内产生的热量在其在发动机缸体内往复运动时消散。
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7.发明授权Engine operation and testing using fully flexible valve and injection events 失效发动机运行和测试使用完全灵活的阀门和注射事件
公开(公告)号：US5205152A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-27
申请号：US824381
申请日：1992-01-23
申请人： John M. Clarke , James J. Faletti
发明人： John M. Clarke , James J. Faletti
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02B3/06 , F02B75/02 , F02D13/02 , F02D17/02 , F02D41/00 , F02D41/26 , F02D41/34 , F02D41/36
CPC分类号： F02D13/0203 , F02D13/028 , F02D17/02 , F02D41/0087 , F02D41/266 , F02B1/04 , F02B2075/025 , F02B2075/027 , F02B3/06 , F02D2041/001 , F02D2041/0012 , F02D41/008 , Y02T10/18
摘要： A system and method are disclosed for performing a plurality of diagnostic testing modes on an engine having a plurality of cylinders by controlling, independently, a mode of operation for each of the cylinders, each cylinder including intake and exhaust valves and a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a corresponding cylinder. A first method comprises the steps of cutting fuel to all but one cylinder, monitoring the output of the engine, repeating the fuel cutting and monitoring steps for the remaining cylinders, and calculating engine friction by averaging the power required to crank the engine by the cylinders during the monitoring steps. A second method for determining engine friction by averaging the power required by each cylinder to crank the engine, comprises the steps of placing a first cylinder in a load mode, cutting fuel to the remaining cylinders, monitoring an amount of power required to crank the engine and calculating engine friction using the monitored amount of power required to crank the engine.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在具有多个气缸的发动机上执行多个诊断测试模式的系统和方法，独立地通过独立地控制每个气缸的操作模式，每个气缸包括进气门和排气门以及用于喷射的燃料喷射器 燃料进入相应的气缸。 第一种方法包括以下步骤：将燃料切割到除了一个气缸之外的所有气缸，监测发动机的输出，重复燃料切割和剩余气缸的监测步骤，以及通过平均由气缸将发动机起动所需的功率来计算发动机摩擦 在监控步骤。 用于通过平均每个气缸所需的功率来起动发动机来确定发动机摩擦的第二种方法包括以下步骤：将第一气缸放置在负载模式中，将燃料切割到剩余气缸，监测曲柄发动机所需的功率 以及使用所述的发动机起动所需的功率来计算发动机摩擦。
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公开(公告)号：US4447235A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-08
申请号：US261570
申请日：1981-05-07
申请人： John M. Clarke
发明人： John M. Clarke
CPC分类号： A61B17/3415 , A61M25/0606 , A61M39/0606 , A61M2210/101 , A61M25/007
摘要： A thoracentesis device which includes an elongated flexible catheter fixed at its proximate end to an elongated conduit which is aligned therewith. The conduit is provided with a seal which seals around a hollow needle which penetrates the seal means and passes through the conduit and the catheter and slightly beyond the catheter distal end. A vacuum source is connected to the proximate needle end. The seal also reseals the elongated conduit when the needle is removed. The conduit includes a valve which can be manipulated to connect the catheter to a side conduit when the needle is removed.
摘要翻译： 胸腔穿刺装置，其包括细长的柔性导管，其在其近端固定到与之对准的细长导管。 导管设置有密封件，该密封件围绕穿透密封装置并穿过导管和导管并稍微超过导管远端的中空针头密封。 真空源连接到近端针端。 当针被移除时，密封件还重新密封细长导管。 导管包括一个阀门，当取出针头时，该阀门可被操纵以将导管连接到侧管道。
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公开(公告)号：US4392395A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-12
申请号：US226273
申请日：1981-01-19
申请人： John M. Clarke
发明人： John M. Clarke
CPC分类号： F16H15/503 , F16H15/00
摘要： An infinitely variable power transmission having three power transmitting shafts (14,16,25) differentially rotatable around a common axis (20) and connected together by at least one bevel wheel (12) rotatable around a nutating axis (22). The nutating axis (22) intersects the common axis (20) and is carried by the first shaft (16) around the common axis (20). The second shaft (25) has a bevel gear (26) connecting it to the wheel (12) perimeter. The wheel (12) sits on a convex segment (13) of the third shaft (14) making a single traction point (52) in the plane defined by the axes (20,22). Power may be applied to any two of the shafts with the speed of the power output by the third being controlled by the location of the traction point (52). The traction point (52) may be moved within the plane so that for any single engine speed, the speed of the power output shaft may be infinitely varied in a specific range. A new range is obtained without disconnecting the drive by selecting a new speed for one of the input shafts which at that time can be free of torque.
摘要翻译： 一种无级可变的动力传动装置，具有三个能够围绕共同的轴线（20）可旋转地旋转的动力传递轴（14,16,25），并通过至少一个可绕章动轴线（22）旋转的斜齿轮（12）连接在一起。 章动轴（22）与公共轴线（20）相交，并且由第一轴（16）围绕公共轴线（20）承载。 第二轴（25）具有将其连接到车轮（12）周边的锥齿轮（26）。 轮（12）位于第三轴（14）的凸形段（13）上，使得在由轴线（20,22）限定的平面内形成单个牵引点（52）。 功率可以施加到任何两个轴，其中第三个功率输出的速度由牵引点（52）的位置控制。 牵引点（52）可以在平面内移动，使得对于任何单个发动机转速，功率输出轴的速度可以在特定范围内无级变化。 通过为输入轴之一选择一个新的速度，在此时可以无扭矩地获得新的范围。
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公开(公告)号：US08813694B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-26
申请号：US13483117
申请日：2012-05-30
申请人： John M. Clarke
发明人： John M. Clarke
CPC分类号： F02B75/282 , F01B7/02 , F01B7/14 , F02F1/186
摘要： An engine has an engine casing with one or more surfaces that define a first substantially tubular coolant passage (e.g., a coolant inlet passage) with an open end that opens inside the engine casing. A first piston assembly is inside the engine casing and configured to reciprocate relative to the engine casing when the engine is operating. The first piston assembly has one or more surfaces that define a piston coolant jacket inside the first piston assembly. The piston coolant jacket has a first opening at an outer surface of the first piston assembly. A first fluid communication conduit extends between the engine casing and the first piston assembly and has a first end that is rigidly coupled to the first opening in the piston coolant jacket and a second end that extends through the open end of the first substantially tubular coolant passage in the engine casing.
摘要翻译： 发动机具有发动机壳体，其具有一个或多个表面，其限定出第一基本上管状的冷却剂通道（例如，冷却剂入口通道），其具有在发动机壳体内部打开的开口端。 第一活塞组件在发动机壳体内部并且构造成当发动机运行时相对于发动机壳体往复运动。 第一活塞组件具有在第一活塞组件内部限定活塞冷却剂护套的一个或多个表面。 活塞冷却剂护套在第一活塞组件的外表面具有第一开口。 第一流体连通管道在发动机壳体和第一活塞组件之间延伸并且具有刚性地联接到活塞冷却剂护套中的第一开口的第一端和延伸穿过第一基本上管状的冷却剂通道的开口端的第二端 在发动机外壳中。
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