摘要:
The present disclosure provides a solid lignocellulosic hydrolysate and methods to prepare the solid lignocellulosic hydrolysate from a woody biomass or an herbaceous biomass. The solid lignocellulosic hydrolysate may be used in the production of biofuels, bioproducts, and food products. The solid lignocellulosic hydrolysate allows for ease of storage, ease of transportation and handling of the solid lignocellulosic hydrolysate, and ease of use in biological or fermentation processes or chemical processes for the production of biofuel, bioproducts, chemicals and food products due to the bulk handling characteristics (e.g., solubility and rate of dissolution) of the solid lignocellulosic hydrolysate.
摘要:
Provided are methods for the pretreatment of ligno-cellulosic biomass such as softwoods with bisulfite such as ammonium bisulfite without the need for exogenous acid. In one variation, a method of pretreating ligno-cellulosic biomass is provided including the following steps: a) providing ligno-cellulosic biomass; b) contacting the ligno-cellulosic biomass with a solution comprising bisulfite at an amount between 1 and 10% of a dry weight of the ligno-cellulosic biomass to form a slurry; c) heating the slurry to a first temperature of 150-210° C. for a first period of time to form a first mixture; d) cooling the first mixture to a second temperature of 100-200° C. to form a second mixture; and e) maintaining the second mixture at the second temperature for a second period of time to form pretreated ligno-cellulosic biomass; wherein the first temperature is higher than the second temperature.
摘要:
The present invention provides spray methods of delivering saccharification enzymes, fermentation organisms, and other hydrolysis or fermentation ingredients onto lignocellulosic biomass. The methods reduce the need for mechanical mixing when the biomass solids are undergoing enzymatic hydrolysis, and reduce dilution to allow higher product titers in the hydrolysis and/or fermentation steps.
摘要:
The present invention provides methods of producing pretreated lignocellulosic biomass combined with enzymes for the storage and transporation of the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass that may be used in biofuel and bioproduct production. The methods allows the coexistence of the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass and the enzymes during storage and transporation, the immediate hydrolysis of the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass to produce sugars, without further addition of enzymes, in a biofuel or bioproduct production site, the enhancement of the final hydrolytic activity of the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass, and/or the reduction in sensitivity of the inhibitors in the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass.
摘要:
A sample is cleaned up for spectroscopic analysis by receiving a slide substrate having the sample thereon, fixing the sample to a substrate surface of the slide substrate by applying heat to the slide substrate for a predetermined heating time and incubating the sample on the slide substrate for a predetermined incubation time after fixing the sample to the slide substrate. The sample is further cleaned by washing the sample on the slide substrate after the sample has been incubated and drying the sample by applying heat to the slide substrate for a predetermined drying time, wherein the sample on the slide substrate after drying has retained particles of interest and interferant particles are removed from the substrate. A substrate is also provided for sample collection, which is culturable and Raman silent.
摘要:
The invention includes methods for production of a polypeptide having factor VIII activity by introduction of a polynucleotide construct into a plant cell. The construct includes an encoding sequence for a polypeptide of coagulation factor VIII or a functional variant thereof. The plant cell is cultured or regenerated into a plant and the polypeptide or functional variant of factor VIII is expressed therein. The invention also includes vectors, plant cells, plant tissues, plants and seeds containing a polynucleotide sequence encoding a functional variant of human coagulation factor VIII. The invention further includes a recombinant DNA molecule having a promoter which is functional in plants operably linked to a coding sequence which codes for a polynucleotide having coagulation factor VIII activity.
摘要:
The present invention provides the promoter clone discovery of an alpha-amylase gene of a starch utilizing yeast strain Schwanniomyces castellii. The isolated alpha-amylase promoter is an inducible promoter, which can regulate strong gene expression in starch culture medium.
摘要:
The present invention provides the promoter clone discovery of phosphoglycerate kinase gene 2 of a lactic acid-producing filamentous fungal strain, Rhizopus oryzae. The isolated promoter can constitutively regulate gene expression under various carbohydrate conditions. In addition, the present invention also provides a design of an integration vector for the transformation of a foreign gene in Rhizopus oryzae.
摘要:
A sample is cleaned up for spectroscopic analysis by receiving a slide substrate having the sample thereon, fixing the sample to a substrate surface of the slide substrate by applying heat to the slide substrate for a predetermined heating time and incubating the sample on the slide substrate for a predetermined incubation time after fixing the sample to the slide substrate. The sample is further cleaned by washing the sample on the slide substrate after the sample has been incubated and drying the sample by applying heat to the slide substrate for a predetermined drying time, wherein the sample on the slide substrate after drying has retained particles of interest and interferant particles are removed from the substrate. A substrate is also provided for sample collection, which is culturable and Raman silent.
摘要:
A biological and chemical detection system is provided that detects and identifies biological and/or chemical particulates of interest. The biological and chemical detection system comprises a collector, a first optical device, a second optical device and a processor. The collector is configured to deposit particulates drawn from a fluid stream onto a sample substrate to define a sample area. The first optical device derives first data relative to at least a portion of the sample area, which is analyzed to determine at least one field of view and/or specific target location. The second optical device then interrogates the sample area at each determined target location, e.g., using Raman spectroscopy, to produce interrogation data. The processor determines whether the sample area includes predetermined biological or chemical particulates of interest based upon an analysis of the interrogation data and triggers an event such as an alarm or message if the predetermined biological or chemical particulates of interest are identified.