摘要:
A decoding method includes performing a first decoding method and performing a second decoding method when decoding of the first decoding method fails. The first decoding method includes updating multiple variable nodes and multiple check nodes using probability values of received data. The second decoding method includes selecting at least one variable node from among the multiple variable nodes; correcting probability values of data received in the selected at least one variable node; updating the variable nodes and the check nodes using the corrected probability values; and determining whether decoding of the second decoding method is successful.
摘要:
A decoding method includes performing a first decoding method and performing a second decoding method when decoding of the first decoding method fails. The first decoding method includes updating multiple variable nodes and multiple check nodes using probability values of received data. The second decoding method includes selecting at least one variable node from among the multiple variable nodes; correcting probability values of data received in the selected at least one variable node; updating the variable nodes and the check nodes using the corrected probability values; and determining whether decoding of the second decoding method is successful.
摘要:
The flash memory device includes a control logic circuit and a bit level conversion logic circuit. The control logic circuit programs first through Nth bits of data in a memory cell array of the N-bit MLC flash memory device or reads the first through Nth bits of the data from the memory cell array in response to one of a program command and a read command. The bit level conversion control logic circuit, after the first through Nth bits of the data are completely programmed or read, programs or reads an (N+1)th bit of the data in response to a control signal. The bit level conversion control logic circuit converts voltage levels of voltages, which are used for programming or reading the first through Nth bits of the data, to program or read for 2N cell distributions of 2N+1 cell distributions corresponding to the (N+1)th bit of the data and then programs or reads for other 2N cell distributions.
摘要:
The flash memory device includes a control logic circuit and a bit level conversion logic circuit. The control logic circuit programs first through Nth bits of data in a memory cell array of the N-bit MLC flash memory device or reads the first through Nth bits of the data from the memory cell array in response to one of a program command and a read command. The bit level conversion control logic circuit, after the first through Nth bits of the data are completely programmed or read, programs or reads an (N+1)th bit of the data in response to a control signal. The bit level conversion control logic circuit converts voltage levels of voltages, which are used for programming or reading the first through Nth bits of the data, to program or read for 2N cell distributions of 2N+1 cell distributions corresponding to the (N+1)th bit of the data and then programs or reads for other 2N cell distributions.
摘要:
A device for detecting in a receiver whether any transmission errors have occurred in the received CRC code, in a case that a transmitter transmits the CRC code created by sequencing the parity bits, which are generated using the generator polynomial, in the reverse order and appending them to the message bits. The device comprises a division unit for dividing the message bits by the parity bit generator polynomial to form the remainder, a comparison unit for bitwise comparing the remainder bits with the reverse ordered parity bits, and a decision unit for deciding whether transmission errors have occurred in the CRC code based on the results of the comparison unit. According to the present invention, the transmission errors in the received CRC code are effectively detected, when the CRC code includes the parity bits sequenced in the reverse order, unlike the conventional normal order.
摘要:
Provided are a loop accelerator and a data processing system having the loop accelerator. The data processing system includes a loop accelerator which executes a loop part of a program, a processor core which processes a remaining part of the program except the loop part, and a central register file which transmits data between the processor core and the loop accelerator. The loop accelerator includes a plurality of processing elements (PEs) each of which performs an operation on each word to execute the program, a configuration memory which stores configuration bits indicating operations, states, etc. of the PEs, and a plurality of context memories, installed in a column or row direction of the PEs, which transmit the configuration bits along a direction toward which the PEs are arrayed. Thus, a connection structure between the configuration memory and the PEs can be simplified to easily modify a structure of the loop accelerator so as to extend the loop accelerator.
摘要:
A high speed Viterbi detector for an optical disk system, includes a frequency dividing unit for generating an auxiliary clock at one-third of the main clock frequency, a branch metric calculation unit for calculating each of a plurality of branch metrics, a serial-to-parallel converting unit for outputting each of the branch metrics at the main clock frequency in units of 3 state bits, an addition/comparison/selection unit for adding the branch metrics and previously stored state metrics and for comparing the addition results to select and output the minimum of the addition results as a new state metric, and for outputting a corresponding path selection signal, at the auxiliary clock frequency, a path memory for storing the path selection signal and for outputting parallel data corresponding to the path selection signal, at the auxiliary clock frequency, and a parallel-to-serial converting unit for converting the path memory output into serial data.
摘要:
A quality calculator apparatus for Viterbi-decoded data using zero-state metrics. The quality calculator for the Viterbi-decoded data includes: a Viterbi decoder which outputs zero-state metrics of input demodulated data according to the four possible transmission rates of FULL, HALF, QUARTER and 1/8; a register which stores respective zero-state metrics output from the Viterbi decoder; and a quality evaluation unit which reads the zero-state metrics stored in the register to evaluate the Viterbi-decoded data based on the zero-state metrics and which determines the actual transmission rate to be the one among the possible transmission rates which has the least zero-state metrics. The zero-state metrics of the demodulated data input to the Viterbi decoder are used as a quality evaluation parameter so that the quality evaluation can be correctly achieved to avoid errors in determining of the transmission rate, as compared to a quality calculator using a bit error ratio as the quality evaluation parameter.
摘要:
A Viterbi decoder which operates a plurality of states at one time to thereby decode a plurality of channels at an increased speed. The decoder includes a branch metric calculating unit which receives convolutional data and calculates a plurality of branch metrics. A branch metric allocating unit allocates the plurality of branch metrics as even and odd branch metrics. A state metric storing unit stores a current state metric and allocates a plurality of state metrics as even and odd state metrics. First and second add-compare-select (ACS) units perform addition, comparison, and selection on the even branch and state metrics, and select paths having optimum distances. Third and fourth ACS units perform addition, comparison, and selection on the odd branch and state metrics, and select paths having optimum distances. A path tracing logic unit traces the path selection information selected in the first through fourth ACS units, and outputs decoded data. A path storing unit stores a path selection signal generated and selected in the path selection information controller.
摘要:
A method of operating a memory controller includes; receiving hard decision data and first soft decision data from a non-volatile memory device, performing a first ECC decoding operation using the hard decision data and the first soft decision data: and then determining a second soft decision read voltage or reclaim operation of the non-volatile memory device based on the number of iteration operation of the first ECC (error correction code).