摘要:
A photon correlator comprises a plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e which are open during different periods of time; a plurality of memories 12a-12e each provided corresponding to each of the plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e for storing data corresponding to the number of photons; and a data processing control section for reading out the data stored in the memories 12a-12e, and performing a correlation calculation by means of software. The mechanism of the hardware comprising the sampling gates 11a-11e and memories 12a-12e enables high-speed writing of data in the memories and real-time read out of the data. In addition, the software performs correlation calculations in parallel with the above processing. Accordingly, the particle sizes and diffusion coefficient of particles in a fluid can be obtained at high speed under various conditions.
摘要:
A correction curve (FIG. 19) is prepared by plotting .sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentrations and .sup.13 CO.sub.2 /.sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentration ratios which are determined on the basis of a calibration curve and .sup.13 CO.sub.2 and .sup.12 CO.sub.2 absorbances of gaseous samples having the same .sup.13 CO.sub.2 /.sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentration ratio but known different .sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentrations. A gaseous test sample containing .sup.13 CO.sub.2 and .sup.12 CO.sub.2 as component gases is introduced into a cell, and spectrometrically measured. A .sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentration of the gaseous test sample is determined by way of the spectrometric measurement. A concentration ratio correction value is obtained on the basis of the correction curve and the .sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentration of the gaseous test sample thus determined. A measured .sup.13 CO.sub.2 /.sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentration ratio is divided by the concentration ratio correction value thus obtained for correction of the .sup.13 CO.sub.2 /.sup.12 CO.sub.2 concentration ratio. Thus, the measurement accuracy of the concentration ratios of the component gases can be improved. A breath sampling bag and gas measuring system is also disclosed where each is configured such that breath inlets of the gas measuring apparatus are prevented from being respectively connected to the wrong breath introduction pipes of the breath sampling bag.
摘要:
A correction curve (FIG. 19) is prepared by plotting 12CO2 concentrations and 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratios which are determined on the basis of a calibration curve and 13CO2 and 12CO2 absorbances of gaseous samples having the same 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio but known different 12CO2 concentrations. A gaseous test sample containing 13CO2 and 12CO2 as component gases is introduced into a cell, and spectrometrically measured. A 12CO2 concentration of the gaseous test sample is determined by way of the spectrometric measurement. A concentration ratio correction value is obtained on the basis of the correction curve and the 12CO2 concentration of the gaseous test sample thus determined. A measured 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio is divided by the concentration ratio correction value thus obtained for correction of the 13CO2/12CO2 concentration ratio. Thus, the measurement accuracy of the concentration ratios of the component gases can be improved.
摘要:
The present invention provides an electrophoretic mobility measuring apparatus capable of conducting measurement with high sensitivity with optical attenuation reduced by incidence of light through the electrode face. This apparatus comprises a transparent electrode 63 forming a part of a cell wall of a cell 6 capable of confining a sample, and the other electrode 62 opposite to the transparent electrode 63. A voltage is applied across these electrodes 62, 63, and light is incident upon the inside of the cell 6 through the transparent electrode 63. The scattering light which scatters from a sample S at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the incident angle, is received through the transparent electrode 63. The Doppler displacement is then measured based on the difference in frequency between the incident light and the outgoing light. The direction of the scattering vector which is the vector difference between incident and outgoing vectors, is substantially identical with that of the normal line h of the transparent electrode face.
摘要:
An electrophoretic mobility measurement cell includes a container having a rectangular parallelepiped internal space for introducing a sample solution, two electrodes for applying an electric field to the internal space, tubular sample injection and extraction portions in communication with the internal space, first and second caps for covering the sample injection and extraction portions and sealing the internal space, the first cap has a first side surface contacting an inner side surface of the tubular sample injection portion, the inner side surface formed so that the cross-sectional area of the tube increases with distance from the internal space, and the area of the cross section of the first side surface decreases in the direction of insertion of the first cap. The cell and electrode portions are formed integrally, the electrode portions are made disposable together with the cell, and bubbles are unlikely to remain during injection of the sample solution.
摘要:
There is disclosed a system in which, according to the time domain method, a laser light is irradiated to an object to be measured, photon pulses based on the scattering light from the object to be measured are received, time series data are generated based on the light receiving signal, and based on the time series data thus generated, the particle size distribution of particles in the object to be measured is measured. Thus, the present invention achieves a considerable reduction in time required for finally obtaining the particle size based on the measured data, as compared with a conventional system using a calculator program.
摘要:
An electrophoretic mobility measurement cell includes a container having a rectangular parallelepiped internal space for introducing a sample solution, two electrodes for applying an electric field to the internal space, tubular sample injection and extraction portions in communication with the internal space, first and second caps for covering the sample injection and extraction portions and sealing the internal space, the first cap has a first side surface contacting an inner side surface of the tubular sample injection portion, the inner side surface formed so that the cross-sectional area of the tube increases with distance from the internal space, and the area of the cross section of the first side surface decreases in the direction of insertion of the first cap. The cell and electrode portions are formed integrally, the electrode portions are made disposable together with the cell, and bubbles are unlikely to remain during injection of the sample solution.