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公开(公告)号：US4745893A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-24
申请号：US937553
申请日：1986-12-03
申请人： Kim Wesley Atherton , A. Brinkley Barr , Thomas M. Harmon , Michael M. Van Schoiack , Marvin E. Vandehey , Richard D. Weyerts , Charles R. Clow , Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Kim Wesley Atherton , A. Brinkley Barr , Thomas M. Harmon , Michael M. Van Schoiack , Marvin E. Vandehey , Richard D. Weyerts , Charles R. Clow , Patrick H. Mawet
CPC分类号： F01M11/12 , G01F23/263
摘要： An oil level sensor includes a sensor body adapted to be mounted to the block or casing of an oil-containing reservoir. A probe including a pair of electrodes forming a capacitor extends from the sensor body so that the capacitor will be at least partially immersed in the oil to detect the level thereof. At least one of the electrodes is insulated so that the apparent capacitance of the capacitor is relatively insensitive to any change in the conductivity of the oil at high temperatures. Circuitry is provided in response to the capacitance of the capacitor for signalling the level of the oil, which capacitance is a function of the oil level. The sensor body is mounted to the block by external threads on the probe. The electrodes of the probe extend proximally past the threads to provide an increased capacitance for the sensor. The electrodes of the probe are concentric and the inner electrode is supported at both ends to reduce fatigue. Circuitry is also provided for automatically testing the proper operation of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 油位传感器包括适于安装到含油储存器的块体或壳体上的传感器主体。 包括形成电容器的一对电极的探针从传感器体延伸，使得电容器将至少部分地浸入油中以检测其水平。 电极中的至少一个被绝缘，使得电容器的视在电容对于在高温下的油的导电性的任何变化都相对不敏感。 响应于用于发信号电平的电容器的电容而提供电路，该电容是油位的函数。 传感器主体通过探头上的外螺纹安装到块上。 探针的电极向近端延伸通过螺纹，以为传感器提供增加的电容。 探针的电极是同心的，内电极在两端被支撑，以减少疲劳。 还提供电路用于自动测试传感器的正确操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4752732A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-21
申请号：US711982
申请日：1985-03-14
摘要： A rotational displacement sensor includes a pair of coils stationarily mounted adjacent a rotatable cam formed of a metallic material. The coils are energized by high frequency alternating current. A differential amplifier is connected to the coils such that the output of the amplifier is linearly proportional to the rotational angular displacement of the cam relative to the coils.
摘要翻译： 旋转位移传感器包括邻近由金属材料形成的可旋转凸轮固定安装的一对线圈。 线圈由高频交流电通电。 差分放大器连接到线圈，使得放大器的输出与凸轮相对于线圈的旋转角位移成线性比例。
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公开(公告)号：US4806847A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US939534
申请日：1986-12-09
CPC分类号： G01F23/268 , G01F23/266
摘要： A sensor for sensing the level of oil or transmission fluid under both normal and extreme temperature conditions. The only active components of the sensor have input and leakage currents substantially lower than those of diodes and current sources under high temperature conditions. The sensor has a probe, including a pair of electrodes forming a level detecting capacitor, adapted to extend in the vessel to detect the level of the liquid. A reference capacitor is included which has a capacitance substantially the same as the capacitance of the level detecting capacitor when no dielectric liquid is present between the electrodes of the level detecting capacitor. Circuitry is provided for measuring the capacitance of each capacitor and for deriving from the capacitance measurements a signal proportional to the level of the dielectric liquid at the sensor. Circuitry is also provided for testing whether the reference capacitor is operating properly. One of the electrodes of the level detecting capacitor is insulated to render the output of the sensor independent of high temperature conductivity effects. Structure and a method are provided for compensating for varying dielectric constants of the oil or transmission fluid in which the sensor is immersed.
摘要翻译： 用于在正常和极端温度条件下检测油或传动液体的传感器。 传感器的唯一有源元件具有大大低于二极管和电流源在高温条件下的输入和漏电流。 传感器具有探针，包括形成液位检测电容器的一对电极，其适于在容器中延伸以检测液体的水平。 包括参考电容器，其中当电平检测电容器的电极之间没有介质液体时，其电容基本上与电平检测电容器的电容相同。 提供电路用于测量每个电容器的电容，并从电容测量中得到与传感器电介质液位成正比的信号。 电路还用于测试参考电容器是否正常工作。 电平检测电容器的电极之一是绝缘的，以使得传感器的输出与高温导电效果无关。 提供结构和方法来补偿传感器浸入其中的油或传动流体的不同介电常数。
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公开(公告)号：US07217041B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-15
申请号：US11235056
申请日：2005-09-26
CPC分类号： G02B6/4249 , G02B6/423
摘要： A method for connecting optical signals carried by optical fibers between an optical encoder readhead and an optical signal processing IC having a plurality of photodetector portions arranged in a photodetector configuration. The optical signal processing IC is fixed to a substrate at a first position and orientation. Then, a reference-surface block including at least one reference surface is fixed to the substrate in a second orientation and position based on the first position and orientation. A fiber-optic end piece is provided, which has at least one corresponding-reference surface and a plurality of optical fiber locating features that are arranged relative to the corresponding-reference surface. A plurality of the optical fibers are fixed to the plurality of optical fiber locating features to provide a coupling configuration of optical fiber ends that nominally matches the photodetector configuration. Finally, the corresponding-reference surface of the fiber-optic end piece is mounted against the reference surface of the reference-surface block such that the coupling configuration abuts the photodetector configuration.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在光学编码器读取头和具有以光电检测器配置布置的多个光电检测器部分的光信号处理IC之间连接由光纤携带的光信号的方法。 光信号处理IC在第一位置和方向上固定到基板。 然后，包括至少一个参考表面的参考表面块基于第一位置和取向在第二取向和位置固定到基板。 提供了一种光纤端部件，其具有相对于相应的参考表面布置的至少一个相应的参考表面和多个光纤定位特征。 多个光纤被固定到多个光纤定位特征，以提供名义上匹配光电检测器配置的光纤端部的耦合配置。 最后，将光纤端部的对应参考表面安装在参考表面块的参考表面上，使得耦合结构邻接光电检测器配置。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080238499A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-02
申请号：US11693612
申请日：2007-03-29
申请人： Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Patrick H. Mawet
IPC分类号： H03L7/00
CPC分类号： H03K17/223 , G06F1/24 , H03K17/145 , H03K17/302 , H03K2217/0036
摘要： A power-on-reset circuit (POR) for integrated circuits that detects the minimum power levels needed to operate the most critical circuit(s) reliably. The circuit is implemented in a customized POR built into a custom IC, and emulates the critical circuit transistors in the custom IC using mimicking counterparts which are similarly affected by changes in temperature and process variations as the main circuit components. The mimicking counterparts may have smaller dimensions, to draw less current but still emulate the characteristics of the main working circuit components. Each critical sub-circuit of the main circuit may have a mimicking POR, and the multiple PORs may have their outputs combined by logic so that subtle failure modes can be modeled in the POR. The POR allows operation of the main circuit to continue at the lowest possible voltage levels while reducing the risk of unexpected results or undetected non-catastrophic failures. The POR also implements safety margins for the operation of the main circuit and tracks process sensitivity.
摘要翻译： 用于集成电路的上电复位电路（POR），用于检测可靠地操作最关键电路所需的最小功率电平。 该电路在定制IC中内置的定制POR中实现，并且使用模拟对应物模拟定制IC中的关键电路晶体管，其类似于作为主电路组件的温度和工艺变化的变化。 模拟对应物可以具有更小的尺寸，以吸取更少的电流，但仍然模拟主要工作电路部件的特性。 主电路的每个关键子电路可能具有模拟POR，并且多个POR可以通过逻辑组合其输出，从而可以在POR中建模微妙的故障模式。 POR允许主电路的运行以尽可能低的电压电平继续运行，同时降低意外结果或未发现的非灾难性故障的风险。 POR还实现了主电路运行的安全裕度，并跟踪过程灵敏度。
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6.发明授权Compact delay circuit for CMOS integrated circuits used in low voltage low power devices 失效用于低压低功率器件的CMOS集成电路的紧凑型延迟电路公开(公告)号：US06747500B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-08
申请号：US10000139
申请日：2001-10-19
申请人： Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Patrick H. Mawet
IPC分类号： H03H1126
CPC分类号： H03H11/26 , H03K3/0231 , H03K5/082 , H03K5/133 , H03K2005/00026 , H03K2005/00071 , H03K2005/00123 , H03K2005/0013
摘要： A low voltage, low power versatile and compact delay circuit for CMOS integrated circuits. The biasing circuit and comparator of the delay circuit are implemented with a relatively few simple transistor stages. This approach makes the circuit compact and allows for operation at very low supply voltages (e.g., 1.5 volts). The time delay of the delay circuit is made to depend only on passive resistive and capacitive components. The time delay is thus insensitive to fluctuations in the supply voltage, as well as fluctuations in temperature. This configuration is particularly advantageous in circuits where several timing elements need to track with one another, as they can all be formed with resistors and capacitors of the same construction. The design also makes the circuit insensitive to process parameters, as well as later environmental effects due to operating temperature, circuit aging, and the like. A common signal is used to control both a trip point voltage of a comparator and a voltage change rate of a clock ramp signal in the delay circuit, such that variations in voltage supplied to the clock during normal operation does not substantially affect the clock period.
摘要翻译： 用于CMOS集成电路的低电压，低功耗通用和紧凑的延迟电路。 延迟电路的偏置电路和比较器由相对较少的简单晶体管级实现。 这种方法使得电路紧凑，并允许在非常低的电源电压（例如，1.5伏特）下操作。 延迟电路的延时仅取决于被动电阻和电容元件。 因此，时间延迟对电源电压的波动以及温度波动不敏感。 这种配置在其中若干定时元件需要彼此跟踪的电路中是特别有利的，因为它们都可以由具有相同结构的电阻器和电容器形成。 该设计还使得电路对工艺参数不敏感，以及由于工作温度，电路老化等引起的后续环境影响。 公共信号用于控制比较器的跳变点电压和延迟电路中的时钟斜坡信号的电压变化率，使得在正常操作期间提供给时钟的电压变化基本上不影响时钟周期。
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7.发明授权System and method for determination of error parameters for performing self-calibration and other functions without an external position reference in a transducer 失效用于确定在传感器中没有外部位置参考的执行自校准和其他功能的误差参数的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06487787B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-03
申请号：US09921727
申请日：2001-08-03
申请人： Michael Nahum , Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Michael Nahum , Patrick H. Mawet
IPC分类号： G01B714
CPC分类号： G01D18/008
摘要： A system and method for determination of error parameters for performing self-calibration and other functions in a transducer. The method utilizes the minimum and maximum values of the output signals of the transducer. To obtain these values, the output signals are measured at various times according to the sample timing, as the read head is scanned relative to the scale. The offset for each phase is determined to be equal to the average between the maximum and minimum voltages. The signal amplitudes are equal to the difference between the maximum and the minimum voltages, divided by two. By comparing the amplitude for each phase, the amplitude mismatch is found. The phase relation error may be determined by first removing the amplitude mismatch and the offset errors from each phase, and then comparing the relative amplitudes of the two signals at a given point in relation to what they ought to be with no phase relation error. The described method provides a fast calibration method which requires a minimum amount of data, and which can be automatically run in a background mode without inhibiting normal transducer operation.
摘要翻译： 用于确定在换能器中执行自校准和其它功能的误差参数的系统和方法。 该方法利用了传感器输出信号的最小值和最大值。 为了获得这些值，当读取头相对于刻度扫描时，根据采样定时在不同时间测量输出信号。 每相的偏移被确定为等于最大和最小电压之间的平均值。 信号幅度等于最大和最小电压之差除以2。 通过比较各相的振幅，发现振幅失配。 可以通过首先从每个相位去除振幅失配和偏移误差来确定相位关系误差，然后将给定点处的两个信号的相对幅度与它们应该没有相位关系误差的相对幅度进行比较。 所描述的方法提供了一种快速校准方法，其需要最少量的数据，并且其可以在背景模式下自动运行而不抑制正常的换能器操作。
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公开(公告)号：US5869999A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US634097
申请日：1996-04-17
申请人： Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Patrick H. Mawet
CPC分类号： G01D5/12
摘要： A fast, open-loop amplifier for an electronic measuring system is formed by a folded, differential, open-loop amplifier. This amplifier includes a differential common-source portion, a current mirror portion and a load portion. The current mirror portion is connected between the differential common-source portion and the load portion. The load portion is connected to a common voltage supply portion. The fast, open-loop amplifier can include multiple stages, where each stage includes the folded, differential, open-loop amplifier. In this case, each stage can have its own common voltage supply portion. Alternatively, a single common voltage supply portion can be shared between the stages. All the transistors of the differential common source portion and the load portion have the same type of doping, while all the transistors of the current mirror are the same type of doping, but of a type which is different than that used in the differential common source amplifier portion and the load portion.
摘要翻译： 用于电子测量系统的快速，开环放大器由折叠的差分开环放大器形成。 该放大器包括差分共源部分，电流镜部分和负载部分。 电流镜部分连接在差分共源极部分和负载部分之间。 负载部分连接到公共电压供应部分。 快速的开环放大器可以包括多个级，其中每个级包括折叠式差分开环放大器。 在这种情况下，每个级可以具有其自己的公共电压供应部分。 或者，可以在这些级之间共享单个公共电压供应部。 差分共源极部分和负载部分的所有晶体管具有相同类型的掺杂，而电流镜的所有晶体管是相同类型的掺杂，但是与差分公共源中使用的类型不同的类型 放大器部分和负载部分。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07667506B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-23
申请号：US11693612
申请日：2007-03-29
申请人： Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Patrick H. Mawet
IPC分类号： H03L7/00
CPC分类号： H03K17/223 , G06F1/24 , H03K17/145 , H03K17/302 , H03K2217/0036
摘要： A power-on-reset circuit (POR) for integrated circuits that detects the minimum power levels needed to operate the most critical circuit(s) reliably. The circuit is implemented in a customized POR built into a custom IC, and emulates the critical circuit transistors in the custom IC using mimicking counterparts which are similarly affected by changes in temperature and process variations as the main circuit components. The mimicking counterparts may have smaller dimensions, to draw less current but still emulate the characteristics of the main working circuit components. Each critical sub-circuit of the main circuit may have a mimicking POR, and the multiple PORs may have their outputs combined by logic so that subtle failure modes can be modeled in the POR. The POR allows operation of the main circuit to continue at the lowest possible voltage levels while reducing the risk of unexpected results or undetected non-catastrophic failures. The POR also implements safety margins for the operation of the main circuit and tracks process sensitivity.
摘要翻译： 用于集成电路的上电复位电路（POR），用于检测可靠地操作最关键电路所需的最小功率电平。 该电路在定制IC中内置的定制POR中实现，并且使用模拟对应物模拟定制IC中的关键电路晶体管，其类似于作为主要电路组件的温度和工艺变化的变化。 模拟对应物可以具有更小的尺寸，以吸取更少的电流，但仍然模拟主要工作电路部件的特性。 主电路的每个关键子电路可能具有模拟POR，并且多个POR可以通过逻辑组合其输出，从而可以在POR中建模微妙的故障模式。 POR允许主电路的运行以尽可能低的电压电平继续运行，同时降低意外结果或未发现的非灾难性故障的风险。 POR还实现了主电路运行的安全裕度，并跟踪过程灵敏度。
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10.发明授权Systems and methods for high-accuracy displacement determination in a correlation based position transducer 有权基于相关的位置传感器中高精度位移测定的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06873422B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-29
申请号：US09731671
申请日：2000-12-08
申请人： Michael Nahum , Patrick H. Mawet
发明人： Michael Nahum , Patrick H. Mawet
摘要： An image comparison method and an interpolation method to determine the image offset corresponding to the extreme value of the comparison contributes to systematic errors in estimating the displacement of the surface from the images. The systematic errors are rejected by correlation-based comparison systems and methods which reduce the curvature of the correlation function for offsets that bound the extreme value, and by interpolation systems and methods that are relatively insensitive to the asymmetry of the correlation function value points selected as the basis for the interpolation. These systems and methods allow fast, highly accurate, displacement determinations using relatively simplified calculations and relatively few correlation function value points.
摘要翻译： 用于确定与比较的极值对应的图像偏移的图像比较方法和插值方法有助于在估计表面与图像的位移方面的系统误差。 通过基于相关的比较系统和方法来拒绝系统误差，该系统和方法减少了限制极值的偏移的相关函数的曲率，以及对相关函数值点的不对称性相对不敏感的内插系统和方法 插值的基础。 这些系统和方法允许使用相对简化的计算和相对较少的相关函数值点进行快速，高精度的位移测定。
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