摘要:
A method for determining rock and fluid properties of a fluid-containing subsurface geological formation is provided. First, a low resolution model of the geological formation is initially created from a lumped average parameter estimation derived from at least fluid pressure transient data obtained along a linear wellbore that traverses the formation. Next, the model parameters are updated using grid-based parameter estimation in which the low resolution pressure transient data are combined with data from at least one of seismic data, formation logs, and basic geological structural information surrounding the linear wellbore. Depending on the data available, this process may be carried out in a sequential manner by obtaining and combining additional dynamic data at selected areas. Through this process, multiple realizations of the properties of the geological formation (within the geological structural model) may be created based from the pressure-data conditioned geostatistics i.e. geostatistics that have been informed by data from both static and dynamic sources. Finally, the dynamic simulation of models should be compared to the results of the lumped average parameter estimation to provide a final calibration of the created models.
摘要:
A method for determining rock and fluid properties of a fluid-containing subsurface geological formation is provided. First, a low resolution model of the geological formation is initially created from a lumped average parameter estimation derived from at least fluid pressure transient data obtained along a linear wellbore that traverses the formation. Next, the model parameters are updated using grid-based parameter estimation in which the low resolution pressure transient data are combined with data from at least one of seismic data, formation logs, and basic geological structural information surrounding the linear wellbore. Depending on the data available, this process may be carried out in a sequential manner by obtaining and combining additional dynamic data at selected areas. Through this process, multiple realizations of the properties of the geological formation (within the geological structural model) may be created based from the pressure-data conditioned geostatistics i.e. geostatistics that have been informed by data from both static and dynamic sources. Finally, the dynamic simulation of models should be compared to the results of the lumped average parameter estimation to provide a final calibration of the created models.
摘要:
A woven, self-expanding stent device has one or more strands and is configured for insertion into an anatomical structure. The device includes a coupling structure secured to two different strand end portions that are substantially aligned with each other. The two different strand end portions include nickel and titanium. The coupling structure is not a strand of the device.
摘要:
A cleaning device connectable to a downhole tool for use within a well bore, the cleaning device comprising: a base member non-rotatably mountable to the downhole tool; and at least one sleeve member rotatably mountable to and around the base member, the sleeve member having a support member and at least one protruding member which protrudes from the support member and which, in use, contacts an inner surface of the well bore, wherein the support member comprises a bearing material.
摘要:
A downhole tool for conditioning a casing or liner. The tool includes blades having a a circumferential peripheral edge for 360 degree contact with the casing or liner and are formed from a composite material which comprises a polymeric fibre. Such polymeric fibres include Kevlar®, Twaron®, Dyneema®, Spectra® and Diolen®. Bypass channels for fluid flow past the tool are provided in either the tool body or the blades.
摘要:
This invention, generally speaking, modifies pulse amplitude modulated signals to reduce the ratio of average power to minimum power. The signal is modified in such a manner that the signal quality remains acceptable. The signal quality is described in terms of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) and the Error Vector Magnitude (EVM).
摘要:
A cross-fill metal fill pattern technique is provided such that portions of a metal fill pattern are patterned to accomplish a secondary function. For instance, in the exemplary embodiments, ever other trace or line of interdigitated fingers is routed to a ground, while the interceding traces or lines of interdigitated fingers are routed to a power supply. In this way, a capacitor function is formed across the power supply, providing additional decoupling for the power supply. Moreover, a suitably tight cross-fill metal fill pattern (i.e., higher density of metal) provides an electrical shielding function for electromagnetic radiation passing therethrough.
摘要:
Modified Wee1 peptides, polynucleotides encoding those peptides, and methods for purifying the peptides and crystallizing them as peptide: inhibitor complexes have been discovered. The three-dimensional structure of Wee1, including the ATP substrate binding site, and uses of this information in the design and screening of compounds that may associate with Wee1, or peptides structurally related thereto, have also been discovered.
摘要:
Techniques are provided to reduce glitches at an output signal node when a device is switched to and from a low power operation mode. In one example, a method of operating a device includes providing power to operate a signal source of the device during a normal operation mode of the device. The method also includes passing an output signal from the signal source through a signal path to an output node during the normal operation mode. The method also includes receiving an operation mode signal to switch the device from the normal operation mode to a low power operation mode. The method also includes disabling the signal path to prevent glitches from appearing at the output node during the switch from the normal operation mode to the low power operation mode. The method also includes continuing providing power to the signal source until after the signal path is disabled.
摘要:
In an exemplary decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) of a serializer/deserializer (SerDes) receiver, a single current mirror array is shared by multiple current digital-to-analog converter (IDAC) functions. The DFE has an initial amplifier stage that applies an initial coefficient COEFF0 to an input data signal and a number of (e.g., five) additional amplifier stages that apply additional coefficients (e.g., COEFF1-COEFF5) to different delayed versions of the recovered output data stream. The outputs of the initial and multiple additional amplifier stages are summed to generate an equalized data signal that is applied to a clock-and-data recovery (CDR) circuit. Due to certain characteristics of the equalizer function, the multiple additional amplifier stages can be implemented using a single shared current mirror array, which save significant amounts of chip area compared to conventional implementations in which each additional amplifier stage has its own dedicated current mirror array.