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公开(公告)号：US06654124B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-25
申请号：US09962042
申请日：2001-09-21
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： G01J9/0246
摘要： An interferometer system is used to detect a wavelength of an unknown signal. The interferometer system includes a fringe pattern detection system and a power detecting system. The fringe pattern detection system measures an interference fringe pattern of the unknown signal. The power detecting system measures relative power of the unknown signal before the unknown signal enters the fringe pattern detection system. The relative power of the unknown signal is used to compensate for modulation within the unknown signal.
摘要翻译： 干涉仪系统用于检测未知信号的波长。 干涉仪系统包括条纹图案检测系统和功率检测系统。 条纹图案检测系统测量未知信号的干涉条纹图案。 功率检测系统在未知信号进入条纹图案检测系统之前测量未知信号的相对功率。 未知信号的相对功率用于补偿未知信号内的调制。
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公开(公告)号：US06462823B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-08
申请号：US09835269
申请日：2001-04-13
IPC分类号： G01B902
CPC分类号： G01J9/0246
摘要： A wavelength meter for measuring the wavelength of an input light signal. The meter includes a beam splitter, a fixed mirror, and a moveable mirror, the beam splitter splits the input signal into a first input signal and a second input signal, the first and second input signals being reflected from the fixed and moveable mirrors, respectively, and being recombined by the beam splitter. The first reference light signal is reflected by the fixed mirror and the second reference light signal is reflected by the moving mirror, the beam splitter recombines the first and second reference light signals to form a combined reference light signal. The amplitude of the combined reference light signal is detected by a reference detector that generates a reference signal related to the amplitude of the combined reference light signal. The wavelength meter also includes a position circuit for generating a start signal indicating that the moveable mirror is at a first position relative to the fixed mirror and that the moveable mirror is moving in a first direction. A controller records a sequence of measurement signal values in response to the start signal and the reference signal.
摘要翻译： 用于测量输入光信号波长的波长计。 仪表包括分束器，固定镜和可移动镜，分束器将输入信号分成第一输入信号和第二输入信号，第一和第二输入信号分别从固定和可移动的反射镜反射 并且被分束器重新组合。 第一参考光信号由固定反射镜反射，第二参考光信号由移动镜反射，分束器将第一和第二参考光信号复合以形成组合参考光信号。 组合的参考光信号的幅度由产生与组合参考光信号的幅度相关的参考信号的参考检测器检测。 波长计还包括位置电路，用于产生指示可移动反射镜相对于固定反射镜处于第一位置并且可移动反射镜沿第一方向移动的起始信号。 控制器响应于起始信号和参考信号记录一系列测量信号值。
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公开(公告)号：US06646740B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-11
申请号：US09957696
申请日：2001-09-19
IPC分类号： G01J318
CPC分类号： G01J3/18 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/021
摘要： An optical filter for generating a filter output signal from a filter input signal, the filter output signal consisting of light from the filter input signal in a predetermined bandwidth. The filter includes a grating, a first optical assembly and an optical signal path. A portion of the input signal traverses the optical signal path such that it is diffracted from the grating to form a first intermediate beam that is input to the first optical assembly, which generates a second intermediate beam therefrom. The second intermediate beam is directed back to the grating and is diffracted by the grating, a portion of the diffracted second intermediate beam forming a portion of the filter output signal. The second intermediate beam is the inverted image of the first intermediate beam, and hence, the second reflection from the grating compensates for the time dispersion introduced by the first reflection from the grating.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从滤波器输入信号产生滤波器输出信号的滤波器，滤波器输出信号由来自滤波器输入信号的光以预定带宽组成。 滤波器包括光栅，第一光学组件和光信号路径。 输入信号的一部分穿过光信号路径，使得其从光栅衍射以形成输入到第一光学组件的第一中间光束，该第一中间光束从其产生第二中间光束。 第二中间光束被引导回光栅并被光栅衍射，衍射的第二中间光束的一部分形成滤光器输出信号的一部分。 第二中间光束是第一中间光束的反转图像，因此来自光栅的第二反射补偿来自光栅的第一反射引入的时间色散。
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公开(公告)号：US20090096845A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US11872701
申请日：2007-10-15
申请人： David M. Braun , Siddhartha Bhowmik , Swaroop K. Kommera , Richard J. Oram , Phillip G. Rourke , Joshua W. Smith , Christopher C. Aschoff
发明人： David M. Braun , Siddhartha Bhowmik , Swaroop K. Kommera , Richard J. Oram , Phillip G. Rourke , Joshua W. Smith , Christopher C. Aschoff
IPC分类号： B41J2/175
CPC分类号： B41J2/1404 , B41J2/14145 , B41J2/1603 , B41J2/1628 , B41J2/1629 , B41J2/1631 , B41J2/1634 , Y10T29/49401
摘要： Methods and an apparatus are disclosed, wherein a print head die includes a slot and ribs across the slot. The ribs are recessed from one or both sides of the die.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种方法和装置，其中打印头模具包括穿过狭槽的槽和肋。 肋从模具的一侧或两侧凹入。
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公开(公告)号：US6075632A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US979463
申请日：1997-11-26
申请人： David M. Braun
发明人： David M. Braun
IPC分类号： H01L31/10 , G01J1/02 , G01J3/36 , G02B5/28 , H04B10/02 , H04B10/08 , H04B10/18 , H04B17/00 , H04J14/00 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/36 , H04B10/07953
摘要： An optical noise monitor measures noise power within narrow wavelength regions between channel signals of a dense wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) signal. The noise monitor receives the DWDM signal and cascades the signal along a multipoint travel path where the signal is incident on a series of multi-pass filters. Each multi-pass filter selects a narrow, predefined wavelength region between channel signals of the DWDM signal. Noise power within the predefined wavelength region is detected and SNR is monitored by comparing the detected noise power to the power in the channel signal. According to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the noise monitor includes multi-pass filters that each have reflective surfaces to guide optical energy within a predefined wavelength region through multiple passes of an optical filter. According to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the noise monitor includes multi-pass filters each having a serial arrangement of multiple optical filters.
摘要翻译： 光噪声监测器测量密集波分复用（DWDM）信号的信道信号之间的窄波长区域内的噪声功率。 噪声监测器接收DWDM信号，并沿信号入射到一系列多通滤波器的多点行进路径级联信号。 每个多通道滤波器在DWDM信号的通道信号之间选择窄的预定波长区域。 通过将检测到的噪声功率与通道信号中的功率进行比较来检测预定波长区域内的噪声功率并监测SNR。 根据本发明的第一优选实施例，噪声监测器包括多通滤波器，每个滤波器具有反射表面，以通过光学滤波器的多次通过在预定波长范围内引导光能。 根据本发明的第二优选实施例，噪声监测器包括各自具有多个滤光器的串行布置的多通滤波器。
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公开(公告)号：US5035770A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-30
申请号：US592716
申请日：1990-10-04
申请人： David M. Braun
发明人： David M. Braun
IPC分类号： G01J1/04 , G02B5/18 , H01L31/0236 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/105
CPC分类号： H01L31/03529 , G01J1/04 , G01J1/0407 , G02B5/1809 , H01L31/0236 , H01L31/105 , G01J1/0209 , Y02E10/50
摘要： Photodetectors having low reflectivity triangular groove, surface relief gratings on homogenous material or one layer of a heterostructure. Preferably, the photodetector is a PIN photodiode in which the p-type layer is triangularly grooved. The surface relief gratings have an optical repeat distance greater than the wavelenth of light which impinges on the photodetector surface. Thus, zero order backward diffracted waves are not coupled into optical reflections which would thereby decrease the optical return loss (ORL). Furthermore, the surface relief gratings have minimum side-wall angles to limit reflection at the heterostructure interfaces from contributing to the ORL. The side-angles of the gratings are chosen to ensure that the angle of the higher order backward diffracted wave is greater than the capture angle of an optical receiver into which the photodetector is incorporated. The free-space depth of the grooves is a half-wavelength of the light impinging on the photodetector. Additionally, a novel ion milling technique is disclosed. This technique involves providing a rectangular groove grating initially etched by conventional chemical etching and photoresistive techniques and then ion milling at particular ion mill angles to obtain triangular groove surface relief gratings provided in accordance with this invention.
摘要翻译： 具有低反射率三角形凹槽的光电检测器，均匀材料上的表面浮雕格栅或异质结构的一层。 优选地，光电检测器是PIN光电二极管，其中p型层是三角形沟槽的。 表面起伏光栅的光学重复距离大于撞击光检测器表面的光的波长。 因此，零级后向衍射波不耦合到光学反射中，从而降低光学返回损耗（ORL）。 此外，表面起伏光栅具有最小的侧壁角度，以限制异质结构界面处的反射从贡献到ORL。 选择光栅的侧角以确保高阶后向衍射波的角度大于其中结合光电检测器的光接收器的捕获角度。 凹槽的自由空间深度是入射在光电检测器上的光的半波长。 另外，公开了一种新颖的离子铣削技术。 该技术涉及提供最初通过常规化学蚀刻和光致抗蚀剂技术蚀刻的矩形凹槽光栅，然后在特定的离子磨角度进行离子铣削，以获得根据本发明提供的三角形凹槽表面浮雕格栅。
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公开(公告)号：US5850292A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-15
申请号：US969812
申请日：1997-11-13
申请人： David M. Braun
发明人： David M. Braun
摘要： A wavelength monitor detects wavelength drifts of component channel signals within multi-wavelength light signals. Multiwavelength light incident on the wavelength monitor is cascaded along a multipoint travel path. Within the travel path, the component channel signals are incident on a series of wavelength discriminators arranged on an optically transmissive member. Each wavelength discriminator is selectively transmissive to a predetermined one of the channel signals and is reflective to the remaining component channel signals of the multi-wavelength light signal. According to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical transmission through each wavelength discriminator varies monotonically according to variations in the wavelength of the predetermined channel signal. Each selectively transmitted channel signal is intercepted by a detector which produces an output current that is mapped to corresponding signal wavelengths. According to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength discriminator includes a dispersive element that maps the applied channel signal to spatial locations dependent upon the signal wavelength. The dispersed signal is intercepted by a split-detector responsive to the spatial location of the dispersed signal. The output currents produced by the split-detector are used to monitor wavelength deviations of the incident channel signal from the predefined channel wavelength.
摘要翻译： 波长监视器检测多波长光信号内的分量信道信号的波长漂移。 入射在波长监视器上的多波长光沿多点行进路径级联。 在行进路径内，分量通道信号入射到布置在光学透射构件上的一系列波长鉴别器。 每个波长鉴别器对于预定的一个通道信号是选择性透射的，并且对多波长光信号的剩余分量信道信号是反射的。 根据本发明的第一优选实施例，通过每个波长鉴别器的光传输根据预定信道信号的波长的变化而单调变化。 每个选择性传输的信道信号被检测器拦截，该检测器产生映射到对应的信号波长的输出电流。 根据本发明的第二优选实施例，波长鉴别器包括色散元件，其将施加的信道信号映射到取决于信号波长的空间位置。 响应于分散信号的空间位置，分离检测器截获分散信号。 由分离检测器产生的输出电流用于监测入射信道信号与预定信道波长的波长偏差。
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公开(公告)号：US5841917A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-24
申请号：US792593
申请日：1997-01-31
CPC分类号： G02B6/3514 , H04Q11/0005 , G02B6/32 , G02B6/3546 , G02B6/356 , H04Q2011/003 , H04Q2011/0049
摘要： An optical cross-connect switch incorporates a pin grid actuator to selectively position optical elements relative to optical beams in the switch. A high density array of aligned, optically reflective elements is attached to the ends of independently selectable and moveable pins in the pin grid actuator. The pin grid actuator is the type extensively used in dot matrix printers. Linear motion of the pins causes the reflective element attached to the pin to intercept optical beams provided by input fibers coupled to the switch. Intercepted optical beams are redirected to designated output fibers, also coupled to the switch. A staggered arrangement of the input and output fibers equalizes all of the signal pathlengths through the switch, regardless of which pin in the pin grid actuator is selected. According to an alternate preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple optical cross-connect switches are cascaded using a staggered arrangement of interconnecting fibers.
摘要翻译： 光交叉连接开关包括针格栅致动器，以相对于开关中的光束选择性地定位光学元件。 对准的光学反射元件的高密度阵列附接到销栅格致动器中独立可选和可移动的销的端部。 针格式执行器是广泛应用于点阵式打印机的类型。 销的线性运动导致附接到销的反射元件截取由耦合到开关的输入光纤提供的光束。 被截取的光束被重定向到指定的输出光纤，也耦合到开关。 输入和输出光纤的交错布置使得通过开关的所有信号光路长度均匀化，而不考虑引脚格栅执行器中的哪个引脚。 根据本发明的替代优选实施例，使用互连光纤的交错布置来级联多个光交叉连接开关。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for optimizing output characteristics of a tunable external cavity laser 失效用于优化可调外腔激光器的输出特性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5434874A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-18
申请号：US134424
申请日：1993-10-08
申请人： Julie E. Fouquet , David M. Braun
发明人： Julie E. Fouquet , David M. Braun
CPC分类号： H01S5/141 , H01S3/105 , H01S5/0288 , H01S5/0287
摘要： The invention increases the tuning range of a laser by altering the output coupler reflectivity. In a first embodiment of the invention, the tuning range of an external cavity laser is increased by applying a substantially spectrally flat reflective coating to the front facet of a semiconductor laser which has higher reflectivity than the uncoated front facet. In addition to increasing the tuning range, the increased reflectivity of the front facet reduces the laser threshold current for all laser wavelengths. In a second embodiment of the invention, various complex coatings were applied to the output coupler to generate reflective characteristics that change according to wavelength. The complex coatings enhance reflectance at the edges of the laser tuning curve without adversely affecting the output power at the center wavelengths. This further increases the tuning range of the laser while simultaneously maintaining high output power for each selected output wavelength.
摘要翻译： 本发明通过改变输出耦合器反射率来增加激光器的调谐范围。 在本发明的第一实施例中，通过将基本上光谱平坦的反射涂层施加到具有比未涂覆的前端面更高的反射率的半导体激光器的前端面上来增加外部腔激光器的调谐范围。 除了增加调谐范围之外，前面的增加的反射率降低了所有激光波长的激光阈值电流。 在本发明的第二实施例中，将各种复合涂层施加到输出耦合器以产生根据波长而变化的反射特性。 复合涂层增强激光调谐曲线边缘处的反射率，而不会对中心波长的输出功率产生不利影响。 这进一步增加了激光器的调谐范围，同时为每个选择的输出波长保持高输出功率。
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公开(公告)号：US08262204B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-11
申请号：US11872701
申请日：2007-10-15
申请人： David M. Braun , Siddhartha Bhowmik , Swaroop K. Kommera , Richard J. Oram , Phillip G. Rourke , Joshua W. Smith , Christopher C. Aschoff
发明人： David M. Braun , Siddhartha Bhowmik , Swaroop K. Kommera , Richard J. Oram , Phillip G. Rourke , Joshua W. Smith , Christopher C. Aschoff
CPC分类号： B41J2/1404 , B41J2/14145 , B41J2/1603 , B41J2/1628 , B41J2/1629 , B41J2/1631 , B41J2/1634 , Y10T29/49401
摘要： Methods and an apparatus are disclosed, wherein a print head die includes a slot and ribs across the slot. The ribs are recessed from one or both sides of the die.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种方法和装置，其中打印头模具包括穿过狭槽的槽和肋。 肋从模具的一侧或两侧凹入。
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