公开(公告)号：US20120135819A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-31

申请号：US12955431

申请日：2010-11-29

申请人： Michael Uetz ,  Gino Palumbo ,  Iain Brooks ,  Yijian Zhou ,  David Ueno ,  Dave Limoges ,  Andrew Robertson ,  Jonathan McCrea

发明人： Michael Uetz ,  Gino Palumbo ,  Iain Brooks ,  Yijian Zhou ,  David Ueno ,  Dave Limoges ,  Andrew Robertson ,  Jonathan McCrea

IPC分类号： A63B53/04

CPC分类号： A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/047 ,  A63B53/0487 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2053/0445 ,  A63B2060/004

摘要： A face insert for a golf club head comprises an electroform that is securely connected to a substrate. The electroform is comprised of fine-grained materials having an average grain size that is in the range of 2 nm to 5000 nm, a yield strength that is in the range of 200 MPa to 2,750 MPa, a hardness that is in the range of 100 Vickers to 2,000 Vickers, a thickness that is in the range from 30 microns to 5 cm, and a modulus of resilience that is in the range from 0.25 MPa to 25 MPa.

摘要翻译： 用于高尔夫球杆头的面插件包括牢固地连接到基底的电铸。 该电铸由平均粒径为2nm〜5000nm，屈服强度为200MPa〜2750MPa，硬度为100以下的细粒材料构成 维氏至2,000维氏，厚度在30微米至5厘米的范围内，弹性模量在0.25MPa至25MPa的范围内。

公开(公告)号：US20110294594A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-01

申请号：US13197873

申请日：2011-08-04

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Iain Brooks ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Dave Limoges ,  Uwe Erb

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Iain Brooks ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Dave Limoges ,  Uwe Erb

IPC分类号： A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  B32B27/14 ,  A63B53/04 ,  B32B1/08 ,  B32B15/16

CPC分类号： C25D15/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B59/70 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25D1/00 ,  C25D7/00 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12778 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/24405 ,  Y10T428/24413 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： Articles for automotive, manufacturing and industrial applications including shafts or tubes used, for example, as golf club shafts, ski and hiking poles, fishing rods or bicycle frames, skate blades and snowboards are at least partially electroplated with fine-grained layers of selected metallic materials. Parts with complex geometry can be coated as well. Alternatively, articles such as conical or cylindrical golf club shafts, hiking pole shafts or fishing pole sections, plates or foils and the like can also be electroformed of fine-grained metallic materials on a suitable mandrel or temporary substrate to produce strong, ductile, lightweight components exhibiting a high coefficient of restitution and a high stiffness for use in numerous applications including sporting goods.

摘要翻译： 用于汽车，制造和工业应用的制品，包括例如用作高尔夫球棒杆，滑雪和徒步杆，钓鱼竿或自行车车架，滑冰板和滑雪板的轴或管，至少部分地电镀有选定金属的细粒层 材料 具有复杂几何形状的部件也可以被涂覆。 或者，诸如锥形或圆柱形高尔夫球杆杆，徒步杆杆或钓鱼杆部分，板或箔等的物品也可以在合适的心轴或临时基底上电铸成细粒度的金属材料，以产生强的，延性的，轻质的 表现出高恢复系数和高刚度的组件用于包括运动用品在内的许多应用中。

公开(公告)号：US20100028714A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

申请号：US12575542

申请日：2009-10-08

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

IPC分类号： B32B15/04 ,  B32B15/00 ,  B32B15/01 ,  B32B15/18 ,  B32B17/06 ,  B32B18/00 ,  B32B9/04 ,  C23C16/44 ,  B05D1/02 ,  C25D5/00 ,  B32B5/00

CPC分类号： C25D7/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B49/12 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B59/70 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/02 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C23C24/04 ,  C23C28/021 ,  C23C28/027 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D7/0607 ,  C25D15/02 ,  F41H5/0457 ,  F42B5/30 ,  F42B6/04 ,  F42B12/80 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12063 ,  Y10T428/12146 ,  Y10T428/12292 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12535 ,  Y10T428/12597 ,  Y10T428/12674 ,  Y10T428/12701 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12736 ,  Y10T428/12743 ,  Y10T428/1275 ,  Y10T428/12757 ,  Y10T428/12764 ,  Y10T428/12778 ,  Y10T428/12937 ,  Y10T428/12972 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/256 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/2956 ,  Y10T428/2958 ,  Y10T428/2964 ,  Y10T428/30 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： Fine-grained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.

摘要翻译： 公开了细粒度（平均粒径1nm至1000nm）金属涂层，其任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Petch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并且具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。

公开(公告)号：US07354354B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-08

申请号：US11300579

申请日：2005-12-15

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb ,  Andrew Wang

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb ,  Andrew Wang

IPC分类号： A63B53/12

CPC分类号： C25D7/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B49/12 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/047 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C23C26/00 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D15/02 ,  F42B5/30 ,  Y10T428/12049 ,  Y10T428/12201 ,  Y10T428/12569 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/24612 ,  Y10T428/249941 ,  Y10T428/31507 ,  Y10T428/31511 ,  Y10T428/31681 ,  Y10T428/31685 ,  Y10T428/31692

摘要： Lightweight articles comprising a polymeric material at least partially coated with a fine-grained metallic material are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic material has an average grain size of 2 nm to 5,000 nm, a thickness between 25 micron and 5 cm, and a hardness between 200 VHN and 3,000 VHN. The lightweight articles are strong and ductile and exhibit high coefficients of restitution and a high stiffness and are particularly suitable for a variety of applications including aerospace and automotive parts, sporting goods, and the like.

公开(公告)号：US07803072B2

公开(公告)日：2010-09-28

申请号：US12536821

申请日：2009-08-06

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Iain Brooks ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Dave Limoges ,  Uwe Erb

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Iain Brooks ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Dave Limoges ,  Uwe Erb

IPC分类号： A63B59/06

CPC分类号： C25D15/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B59/70 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25D1/00 ,  C25D7/00 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12778 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/24405 ,  Y10T428/24413 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： Articles for automotive, manufacturing and industrial applications including shafts or tubes used, for example, as golf club shafts, ski and hiking poles, fishing rods or bicycle frames, skate blades and snowboards are at least partially electroplated with fine-grained layers of selected metallic materials. Parts with complex geometry can be coated as well. Alternatively, articles such as conical or cylindrical golf club shafts, hiking pole shafts or fishing pole sections, plates or foils and the like can also be electroformed of fine-grained metallic materials on a suitable mandrel or temporary substrate to produce strong, ductile, lightweight components exhibiting a high coefficient of restitution and a high stiffness for use in numerous applications including sporting goods.

摘要翻译： 用于汽车，制造和工业应用的制品，包括例如用作高尔夫球棒杆，滑雪和徒步杆，钓鱼竿或自行车车架，滑冰板和滑雪板的轴或管，至少部分地电镀有选定金属的细粒层 材料 具有复杂几何形状的部件也可以被涂覆。 或者，诸如锥形或圆柱形高尔夫球杆杆，徒步杆杆或钓鱼杆部分，板或箔等的物品也可以在合适的心轴或临时基底上电铸成细粒度的金属材料，以产生强的，延性的，轻质的 表现出高恢复系数和高刚度的组件用于包括运动用品在内的许多应用中。

公开(公告)号：US07771289B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-10

申请号：US11305842

申请日：2005-12-16

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  William F. Davidson, III ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  William F. Davidson, III ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

IPC分类号： A63B53/04

CPC分类号： C25D15/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B59/70 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C25D1/00 ,  C25D7/00 ,  Y02P20/582 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12778 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/24405 ,  Y10T428/24413 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： A sports article includes a portion that includes a nanostructured material. The nanostructured material includes a metal, and the nanostructured material has an average grain size that is in the range of 2 nm to 5,000 nm, a yield strength that is in the range of 200 MPa to 2,750 MPa, and a hardness that is in the range of 100 Vickers to 2,000 Vickers. The sports article can be any of a variety of sports equipment and associated components, such as a golf club, a baseball bat, a softball bat, a lacrosse stick, or a hockey stick.

摘要翻译： 运动制品包括包括纳米结构材料的部分。 纳米结构材料包括金属，纳米结构材料的平均粒径在2nm〜5000nm的范围内，屈服强度在200MPa〜2750MPa的范围内，硬度在 范围为100维氏至2,000维氏。 体育用品可以是各种运动器材和相关组件中的任何一种，例如高尔夫球杆，棒球棒，垒球棒，长曲棍棒棒棍或曲棍球棒。

公开(公告)号：US20080254310A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

申请号：US12155868

申请日：2008-06-11

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb ,  Andrew Wang

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb ,  Andrew Wang

IPC分类号： B32B15/04 ,  B22F7/02 ,  B32B1/08

CPC分类号： C25D7/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B49/12 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/047 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C23C26/00 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D15/02 ,  F42B5/30 ,  Y02T50/6765 ,  Y10T428/12049 ,  Y10T428/12201 ,  Y10T428/12569 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/24612 ,  Y10T428/249941 ,  Y10T428/31507 ,  Y10T428/31511 ,  Y10T428/31681 ,  Y10T428/31685 ,  Y10T428/31692

摘要： Lightweight articles comprising a polymeric material at least partially coated with a fine-grained metallic material are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic material has an average grain size of 2 nm to 5,000 nm, a thickness between 25 micron and 5 cm, and a hardness between 200 VHN and 3,000 VHN. The lightweight articles are strong and ductile and exhibit high coefficients of restitution and a high stiffness and are particularly suitable for a variety of applications including aerospace and automotive parts, sporting goods, and the like.

摘要翻译： 公开了包含至少部分涂覆有细粒金属材料的聚合材料的轻质制品。 细晶金属材料的平均粒径为2nm〜5000nm，厚度为25μm〜5cm，硬度为200HHN〜3000HVN。 轻型制品是坚固的和延展性的并且表现出高的恢复系数和高刚度，并且特别适用于各种应用，包括航空航天和汽车零件，运动用品等。

公开(公告)号：US20080107805A1

公开(公告)日：2008-05-08

申请号：US11984912

申请日：2007-11-26

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Dachyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Dachyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

IPC分类号： B05D1/12 ,  B05D1/02 ,  B05D7/22 ,  C23C16/00 ,  C23C16/26 ,  C25D11/00 ,  C25D11/38 ,  C25D3/00 ,  C25D3/12 ,  C25D3/20 ,  C25D3/38 ,  C25D3/50 ,  C25D3/56 ,  C25D3/58 ,  C25D3/60 ,  C25D3/62 ,  C25D5/00

CPC分类号： C25D7/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B49/12 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B59/70 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/02 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C23C24/04 ,  C23C28/021 ,  C23C28/027 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D7/0607 ,  C25D15/02 ,  F41H5/0457 ,  F42B5/30 ,  F42B6/04 ,  F42B12/80 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12063 ,  Y10T428/12146 ,  Y10T428/12292 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12535 ,  Y10T428/12597 ,  Y10T428/12674 ,  Y10T428/12701 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12736 ,  Y10T428/12743 ,  Y10T428/1275 ,  Y10T428/12757 ,  Y10T428/12764 ,  Y10T428/12778 ,  Y10T428/12937 ,  Y10T428/12972 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/256 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/2956 ,  Y10T428/2958 ,  Y10T428/2964 ,  Y10T428/30 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： Fine-grained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The invention provides means for matching the CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.

摘要翻译： 公开了细粒度（平均粒径1nm至1000nm）金属涂层，其任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Petch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并且具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 本发明提供了通过调节合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学和体积分数来匹配细粒金属涂层的CTE与基体之一的方法。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。

公开(公告)号：US20080090066A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US12000352

申请日：2007-12-12

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb ,  Andrew Wang

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb ,  Andrew Wang

IPC分类号： B32B5/08

CPC分类号： C25D7/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B49/12 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/0466 ,  A63B53/047 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C23C26/00 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D15/02 ,  F42B5/30 ,  Y10T428/12049 ,  Y10T428/12201 ,  Y10T428/12569 ,  Y10T428/1321 ,  Y10T428/24612 ,  Y10T428/249941 ,  Y10T428/31507 ,  Y10T428/31511 ,  Y10T428/31681 ,  Y10T428/31685 ,  Y10T428/31692

摘要： Lightweight articles comprising a polymeric material at least partially coated with a fine-grained metallic material are disclosed. The fine-grained metallic material has an average grain size of 2 nm to 5,000 nm, a thickness between 25 micron and 5 cm, and a hardness between 200 VHN and 3,000 VHN. The lightweight articles are strong and ductile and exhibit high coefficients of restitution and a high stiffness and are particularly suitable for a variety of applications including aerospace and automotive parts, sporting goods, and the like.

摘要翻译： 公开了包含至少部分涂覆有细粒金属材料的聚合材料的轻质制品。 细晶金属材料的平均粒径为2nm〜5000nm，厚度为25μm〜5cm，硬度为200HHN〜3000HVN。 轻型制品是坚固的和延展性的并且表现出高的恢复系数和高刚度，并且特别适用于各种应用，包括航空航天和汽车零件，运动用品等。

公开(公告)号：US20120121923A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-17

申请号：US13358885

申请日：2012-01-26

申请人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

发明人： Gino Palumbo ,  Jonathan McCrea ,  Klaus Tomantschger ,  Iain Brooks ,  Daehyun Jeong ,  Dave Limoges ,  Konstantinos Panagiotopoulos ,  Uwe Erb

IPC分类号： B32B15/04 ,  B32B7/02 ,  B32B15/18 ,  B32B15/20 ,  B32B17/02 ,  B32B1/08 ,  B32B15/01 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/04 ,  B32B5/16 ,  B32B9/04 ,  B82Y30/00

CPC分类号： C25D7/00 ,  A01K87/00 ,  A45B9/00 ,  A63B49/02 ,  A63B49/10 ,  A63B49/12 ,  A63B53/04 ,  A63B53/10 ,  A63B53/12 ,  A63B59/00 ,  A63B59/50 ,  A63B59/70 ,  A63B60/54 ,  A63B2053/0416 ,  A63B2209/00 ,  A63B2209/02 ,  A63B2209/023 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C23C24/04 ,  C23C28/021 ,  C23C28/027 ,  C25D5/00 ,  C25D7/0607 ,  C25D15/02 ,  F41H5/0457 ,  F42B5/30 ,  F42B6/04 ,  F42B12/80 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/12063 ,  Y10T428/12146 ,  Y10T428/12292 ,  Y10T428/12493 ,  Y10T428/12535 ,  Y10T428/12597 ,  Y10T428/12674 ,  Y10T428/12701 ,  Y10T428/12708 ,  Y10T428/12736 ,  Y10T428/12743 ,  Y10T428/1275 ,  Y10T428/12757 ,  Y10T428/12764 ,  Y10T428/12778 ,  Y10T428/12937 ,  Y10T428/12972 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/256 ,  Y10T428/26 ,  Y10T428/2918 ,  Y10T428/2956 ,  Y10T428/2958 ,  Y10T428/2964 ,  Y10T428/30 ,  Y10T428/31678

摘要： Fine-grained (average grain size 1 nm to 1,000 nm) metallic coatings optionally containing solid particulates dispersed therein. The fine-grained metallic materials are significantly harder and stronger than conventional coatings of the same chemical composition due to Hall-Petch strengthening and have low linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). The CTE of the fine-grained metallic coating is matched to the one of the substrate by adjusting the composition of the alloy and/or by varying the chemistry and volume fraction of particulates embedded in the coating. The fine-grained metallic coatings are particularly suited for strong and lightweight articles, precision molds, sporting goods, automotive parts and components exposed to thermal cycling. The low CTEs and the ability to match the CTEs of the fine-grained metallic coatings with the CTEs of the substrate minimize dimensional changes during thermal cycling and prevent premature failure.

摘要翻译： 细颗粒（平均粒径1nm至1000nm）金属涂层，任选地含有分散在其中的固体颗粒。 由于Hall-Petch强化，细粒金属材料比同一化学成分的常规涂层显着更硬和更强，并且具有低线性热膨胀系数（CTE）。 通过调整合金的组成和/或通过改变嵌入涂层中的微粒的化学成分和体积分数，使细粒金属涂层的CTE与基材之一相匹配。 细粒金属涂层特别适用于强而轻的制品，精密模具，运动用品，汽车零件和暴露于热循环的部件。 低CTE和将细粒金属涂层的CTE与衬底的CTE匹配的能力使热循环期间的尺寸变化最小化并防止过早失效。