摘要:
Crystals of pembrolizumab and structurally similar anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies are provided, as well as methods of producing such crystals, and uses of compositions comprising such antibody crystals, e.g. in treatment of cancers. The present invention satisfies these needs and more by providing pembrolizumab crystals and a method producing pembrolizumab crystals. One embodiment of the method of the invention produces crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction, and the inventors herein used such crystals to solve the three-dimensional structure of pembrolizumab to 2.3 A resolution.
摘要:
Crystals of pembrolizumab and structurally similar anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies are provided, as well as methods of producing such crystals, and uses of compositions comprising such antibody crystals, e.g. in treatment of cancers. The present invention satisfies these needs and more by providing pembrolizumab crystals and a method producing pembrolizumab crystals. One embodiment of the method of the invention produces crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction, and the inventors herein used such crystals to solve the three-dimensional structure of pembrolizumab to 2.3 A resolution.
摘要:
The invention provides methods for producing crystalline an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb), wherein the mAb is pembrolizumab or a pembrolizumab variant, comprising (1) mixing a solution comprising (a) the mAb, (b) polyethylene glycol (PEG), and (c) an additive selected from the group consisting of: caffeine, theophylline, 2′ deoxyguanosine-5′-monophosphate, a bioactive gibberellin, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said bioactive gibberellin, to form a crystallization solution, (2) incubating the crystallization solution for a period of time sufficient for crystal formation; and (3) optionally harvesting the crystalline anti-PD-1 mAb from the solution. In specific embodiments, the PEG is PEG 3350 and the additive is caffeine. The invention also relates to the novel anti-human PD-1 mAb crystals produced by the methods described herein. Characterization of re-dissolved crystalline suspensions using several biochemical methods showed the bio-physical properties of the re-dissolved mAb crystals were consistent with the intact antibody starting sample. The crystals and methods of the invention are amenable to multiple pharmaceutical applications such as purification, storage, formulation, and drug delivery.
摘要:
The invention relates to stable formulations comprising antibodies or antigen binding fragments thereof that bind to cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), optionally further containing an anti-human programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof. Also provided are methods of treating various cancers and chronic infections with the formulations of the invention.
摘要:
An electrically-controlled failsafe switch is included in an MRI transmit-and-receive RF coil assembly so as to protect it from induced RF currents in the event it is disconnected from an MRI system, but inadvertently left linked to strong MRI RF fields during imaging procedures using other RF coils.
摘要:
A process is provided for etching a mask layer and removal of residue from a structure having an area sheltered from directional etching. The structure has a shape that forms a silhouette area obstructed from being etched by anisotropic bombardment originating from a first direction, and a mask formed over the mask layer over the structure; A first etch process removes at least a part of the mask layer and retains at least a part of mask layer in the sheltered area. A second etch process removes at least a part of the mask layer in the sheltered area by hydrogen based microwave plasma etching.
摘要:
A memory cell is provided that includes a diode and a resistance-switching material layer coupled in series with the diode. The resistance-switching material layer: (a) has a dielectric constant in the range of about 5 to about 27, and (b) includes a material from the family consisting of XvOw, wherein X represents an element from the family consisting of Hf and Zr, and wherein the subscripts v and w have non-zero values that form a stable compound. Other aspects are also provided.
摘要:
A non-volatile memory chip package is prepared for surface mounting to a substrate in a solder reflow process by programming erased blocks to higher threshold voltage levels, to improve data retention for blocks which are preloaded with content, such as by an electronic device manufacturer. Following the surface mounting, the previously-erased blocks are returned to the erased state. The threshold voltage of storage elements of the preloaded blocks can change during the surface mounting process due to a global charge effect phenomenon. The effect is most prominent for higher state storage elements which are surrounded by erased blocks, in a chip for which the wafer backside was thinned and polished. The erased blocks can be programmed using a single program pulse without performing a verify operation, as a wide threshold voltage distribution is acceptable.
摘要:
A memory array having memory cells comprising a diode and an antifuse can be made smaller and programmed at lower voltage by using an antifuse material having a higher dielectric constant and a higher acceleration factor than those of silicon dioxide, and by using a diode having a lower band gap than that of silicon. Such memory arrays can be made to have long operating lifetimes by using the high acceleration factor and lower band gap materials. Antifuse materials having dielectric constants between 5 and 27, for example, hafnium silicon oxynitride or hafnium silicon oxide, are particularly effective. Diode materials with band gaps lower than that of silicon, such as germanium or a silicon-germanium alloy, are particularly effective.
摘要:
A two terminal nonvolatile memory cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a charge storage medium, and a resistive element. The charge storage medium and the resistive element are connected in parallel between the first and the second electrodes. A presence or absence of charge being stored in the charge storage medium affects a resistivity of the resistive element.