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1.发明授权Method for adhering materials having differing expansion properties and articles produced therefrom 失效粘附具有不同膨胀特性的材料和由其制造的制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5624737A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-29
申请号：US161835
申请日：1993-12-03
申请人： Robert Fairbanks , Merrill Glos , Jeremy P. Miller , Charles Mulcahy , Kurt A. Weiss , William F. Whetstone
发明人： Robert Fairbanks , Merrill Glos , Jeremy P. Miller , Charles Mulcahy , Kurt A. Weiss , William F. Whetstone
IPC分类号： B32B7/02 , B29C65/00 , B32B7/12 , B32B9/00 , B32B9/04 , B32B21/08 , B32B27/00 , B32B27/06 , C08J5/12 , C08L51/00 , C08L53/00 , C09D151/00 , C09D153/00 , C09D171/00 , C09J7/02 , C09J151/00 , C09J153/00 , B32B27/10 , B32B27/14 , B32B27/36
CPC分类号： C08L53/00 , B29C66/73111 , B32B7/12 , C08J5/124 , C08L51/00 , C09D151/00 , C09D153/00 , C09D171/00 , C09J151/00 , C09J153/00 , C09J7/0296 , B29C65/482 , B29C65/483 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/7212 , B29C66/7392 , B29C66/73921 , B29C66/7394 , C09J2201/162 , Y10T428/24826 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/3179 , Y10T428/31989 , Y10T428/31993 , Y10T428/8305
摘要： The present invention relates to a novel composite adhesive used to adhere coating materials onto a substrate wherein the substrate material and the coating material have significantly different expansion properties, e.g., thermoplastic coating materials onto cellulose based substrate materials. The composite adhesive comprises both a rigid adhesive such as an epoxy or acrylic and a laminating adhesive such as a rubber based contact cement. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a spline material is also rigidly adhered to the coating material so as to reinforce the bond between substrate and coating, especially where two pieces of coating material are attached at a seam. In another preferred embodiment the composite adhesive and/or spline material is used in preparing composite articles such as counters, sinks, furniture, profile edging, chemical resistant lab tops, showers, etc.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于将涂料粘附到基材上的新型复合粘合剂，其中基材和涂料具有显着不同的膨胀性能，例如在基于纤维素的基材上的热塑性涂料。 复合粘合剂包括诸如环氧树脂或丙烯酸的刚性粘合剂和诸如橡胶基接触粘合剂的层压粘合剂。 在本发明的优选实施例中，花键材料也刚性地粘附到涂层材料上，以便加强基底和涂层之间的结合，特别是在接缝处连接两片涂层材料时。 在另一个优选实施例中，复合粘合剂和/或花键材料用于制备复合制品，例如计数器，水槽，家具，轮廓边缘，耐化学腐蚀的实验室顶部，淋浴等。
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2.发明授权Method for adhering materials having differing expansion properties and articles produced therefrom 失效粘附具有不同膨胀特性的材料和由其制造的制品的方法
公开(公告)号：US6074727A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-13
申请号：US292887
申请日：1994-08-16
IPC分类号： B32B7/02 , B29C65/00 , B32B7/12 , B32B9/00 , B32B9/04 , B32B21/08 , B32B27/00 , B32B27/06 , C08J5/12 , C08L51/00 , C08L53/00 , C09D151/00 , C09D153/00 , C09D171/00 , C09J7/02 , C09J151/00 , C09J153/00
CPC分类号： C08L53/00 , B29C66/73111 , B32B7/12 , C08J5/124 , C08L51/00 , C09D151/00 , C09D153/00 , C09D171/00 , C09J151/00 , C09J153/00 , C09J7/0296 , B29C65/482 , B29C65/483 , B29C66/71 , B29C66/7212 , B29C66/7392 , B29C66/73921 , B29C66/7394 , C09J2201/162 , Y10T428/24826 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/3179 , Y10T428/31989 , Y10T428/31993 , Y10T428/8305
摘要： The present invention relates to a novel composite adhesive used to adhere coating materials onto a substrate wherein the substrate material and the coating material have significantly different expansion properties, e.g., thermoplastic coating materials onto cellulose based substrate materials. The composite adhesive comprises both a rigid adhesive such as an epoxy or acrylic and a laminating adhesive such as a rubber based contact cement. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composite adhesive is used in preparing composite articles such as counters, sinks, furniture, profile edging, chemical resistant lab tops, showers, etc. In another preferred embodiment according to the invention, the rigid adhesive is applied over a narrow portion of the coating material, substrate, or both, preferably the exterior region of said material, and the laminating adhesive is applied over the remainder of the surface area to be adhered. By the techniques of the present invention, it is also possible to adhere together several individual articles of manufacture so as to create a virtually seamless appearance between the individual articles of manufacture.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于将涂料粘附到基材上的新型复合粘合剂，其中基材和涂料具有显着不同的膨胀性能，例如在基于纤维素的基材上的热塑性涂料。 复合粘合剂包括诸如环氧树脂或丙烯酸的刚性粘合剂和诸如橡胶基接触粘合剂的层压粘合剂。 在本发明的优选实施方案中，复合粘合剂用于制备复合制品，例如计数器，水槽，家具，型材边缘，耐化学腐蚀实验室顶部，淋浴器等。在根据本发明的另一优选实施例中，刚性粘合剂 施加在涂料，基材或两者的较窄部分上，优选地是所述材料的外部区域，并且层压粘合剂施加在要粘附的表面区域的其余部分上。 通过本发明的技术，还可以将几个单独的制品粘合在一起，以便在各个制造制品之间形成几乎无缝的外观。
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公开(公告)号：US5331824A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-26
申请号：US979572
申请日：1992-11-20
CPC分类号： F25D16/00
摘要： Supplementary cooling for a mechanical refrigeration plant using ammonia as a refrigerant is provided by placing a tube in the vapor space of a buffer vessel and introducing liquid nitrogen into the tube. Although ammonia solidifies at -78.degree. C. and liquid nitrogen enters the tube at -196.degree. C. no ammonia solidifies on the tube even after extended operation. The present invention also provides a method of refrigeration which comprises introducing liquid nitrogen into the heat exchanger of a refrigeration apparatus in accordance with the invention and condensing refrigerant therewith. Preferably, the refrigerant is selected from the group consisting of ammonia and fluorocarbon R22.
摘要翻译： 使用氨作为制冷剂的机械制冷设备的补充冷却是通过将管放置在缓冲容器的蒸汽空间中并将液氮引入管中来提供的。 虽然氨在-78℃固化，液氮在-196℃进入管，即使在延长操作后也不会在管上固化氨。 本发明还提供一种制冷方法，其包括将液氮引入根据本发明的制冷装置的热交换器中并与其冷凝制冷剂。 优选地，制冷剂选自氨和碳氟化合物R22。
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公开(公告)号：US5630321A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US367911
申请日：1995-01-03
申请人： Jeremy P. Miller
发明人： Jeremy P. Miller
IPC分类号： A23B4/06 , A23B4/09 , A23L3/36 , A23L3/375 , B05B1/34 , F25D3/11 , F25D29/00 , F25D13/06 , F25D17/02
CPC分类号： A23L3/362 , A23B4/064 , A23B4/09 , A23L3/375 , B05B1/3447 , F25D29/001 , F25D3/11 , B05B1/3415 , B05B1/3442
摘要： A tunnel freezer is cooled by selectively supplying liquid nitrogen to banks of spray nozzles. The banks are switched on and off as required so that at any given time the pressure upstream of each operational spray nozzle will be substantially constant at a level which closely approximates the maximum heat transfer coefficient associated with the spray nozzle or the maximum effectiveness of the spray nozzle or a balance therebetween. The invention is in contrast to the prior art where the flow of liquid nitrogen to the spray nozzles is continuously varied in response to the thermal load.
摘要翻译： 通过选择性地将液氮供应到喷嘴组中来冷却隧道式冷冻机。 根据需要开启和关闭组，使得在任何给定时间，每个操作喷嘴的上游压力基本上恒定在接近于与喷嘴相关联的最大传热系数或喷雾的最大效能的水平 喷嘴或其间的平衡。 本发明与现有技术形成对比，其中喷射喷嘴的液氮流响应于热负荷而连续变化。
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公开(公告)号：US5359858A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-01
申请号：US89071
申请日：1993-07-07
摘要： A method of freezing aqueous liquids which method comprises the steps of:a) introducing the aqueous liquid into a mould;b) allowing at least the aqueous liquid in contact with said mould to freeze; andc) releasing said frozen liquid from said mould; wherein said method further comprises the step of:d) pre-cooling said mould to a temperature such that the frozen aqueous liquid can be readily released from said mould as a unitary structure.
摘要翻译： 一种冷冻含水液体的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：a）将水性液体引入模具中; b）允许至少与所述模具接触的水性液体冷冻; 和c）从所述模具中释放所述冷冻液体; 其中所述方法还包括以下步骤：d）将所述模具预冷却到使得冷冻的含水液体可以容易地从所述模具中释放为一体结构的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US5483806A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US439802
申请日：1995-05-12
CPC分类号： F25B9/004
摘要： A refrigeration system using air as the refrigerant comprises a compressor which compresses air to 84 bar g. The compressed air is cooled first by cooling water and then by returning air in a plate-fin heat exchanger before being expanded to 59 bar g in an expander. The expanded air at -61.degree. C. is passed through indirect cooling coils in a cold store which it leaves at -45.degree. C. This air is then passed through the plate-fin heat exchanger before being recycled to the compressor. The refrigeration delivered is about 1.05 kw refrigeration/kw power input.
摘要翻译： 使用空气作为制冷剂的制冷系统包括将空气压缩至84巴g的压缩机。 首先通过冷却水冷却压缩空气，然后在膨胀器中膨胀至59巴g之前，通过在板翅式热交换器中返回空气。 在-61℃的膨胀空气在-45℃离开的冷库中通过间接冷却盘管。然后在将空气再循环到压缩机之前将该空气通过板翅式热交换器。 供应的制冷约为1.05 kw制冷/ kw功率输入。
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公开(公告)号：US5169031A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-08
申请号：US723867
申请日：1991-07-01
申请人： Jeremy P. Miller
发明人： Jeremy P. Miller
CPC分类号： F17C9/00 , B65B31/006 , F17C2203/0391 , F17C2205/0332 , F17C2221/014 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2227/0304 , F17C2250/0413 , F17C2260/024
摘要： A dispenser for cryogenic liquid comprising a vacuum insulated vessel (2) which is provided with a dispenser tube (10). The dispenser tube (10) is heated in use by an electric heater (11). Sufficient heat is supplied to achieve film boiling on the inner surface of the dispenser tube (10). Flow of cryogenic liquid from the vacuum insulated vessel (2) into the dispenser tube (10) is controlled by a tapered valve member (14) which is biased downwardly by a spring (15) and which is connected to a permanent magnet (16) disposed in a coil (17). The tapered valve member (14) can be driven upwardly or downwardly according to the sense in which a direct current is applied to the coil (17). A gas relief tube (18) is provided to vent gas from the dispenser tube (10) intermediate the tapered valve member (14) and the outlet of the dispenser tube (10). The gas relief tube (18) conveys gas to the space above the cryogenic liquid, for example liquid nitrogen, in the vacuum insulated vessel (2). The dispenser has particular utility in high speed canning and bottling lines.
摘要翻译： 一种用于低温液体的分配器，包括设有分配器管（10）的真空绝热容器（2）。 分配管（10）在使用中由电加热器（11）加热。 供应足够的热量以在分配器管（10）的内表面上实现薄膜沸腾。 从真空绝热容器（2）进入分配管（10）的低温液体的流动由锥形阀构件（14）控制，该锥形阀构件（14）由弹簧（15）向下偏压并连接到永磁体（16） 设置在线圈（17）中。 锥形阀构件（14）可以根据向线圈（17）施加直流电流的方式向上或向下驱动。 设置有气体释放管（18），用于从锥形阀构件（14）和分配器管（10）的出口之间排出来自分配管（10）的气体。 气体释放管（18）将真空绝热容器（2）中的气体输送到低温液体上方的空间，例如液氮。 分配器在高速罐装和装瓶线上具有特殊的用途。
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公开(公告)号：US5948456A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-07
申请号：US919050
申请日：1997-08-27
申请人： Sean T. Jones , Jeremy P. Miller
发明人： Sean T. Jones , Jeremy P. Miller
IPC分类号： A23G1/20 , A23G3/02 , A23G9/04 , A23G9/06 , A23G9/08 , A23G9/14 , A23G9/22 , A23L3/36 , A23L3/375 , B30B15/34 , A23G9/00
CPC分类号： B30B15/34 , A23G1/207 , A23G3/0289 , A23G9/04 , A23G9/06 , A23G9/08 , A23G9/14 , A23G9/221 , A23L3/362 , A23L3/364 , A23L3/375
摘要： In a method of forming a frozen food product, the temperature of a fluid food product is lowered so that the product is plastic. A mould is pressed against the food product to cause at least a portion of the product to take up the shape of the mould. The mould is at a sufficiently low temperature when it is pressed against the product such that the product retains its moulded shape and such that the product is readily releasable from the mould. This allows frozen confectionery products such as ice cream to be successfully moulded.
摘要翻译： 在形成冷冻食品的方法中，降低流体食品的温度，使产品成为塑料。 模具被压靠在食品上以使至少一部分产品吸收模具的形状。 当模具被压靠在产品上时，模具处于足够低的温度，使得产品保持其模制形状并且使得产品容易地从模具中释放。 这样可以成功地模制冰淇淋等冷冻糖果产品。
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公开(公告)号：US5522238A
公开(公告)日：1996-06-04
申请号：US388703
申请日：1995-03-21
申请人： Jeremy P. Miller
发明人： Jeremy P. Miller
摘要： A turbulence inducing fan blows cold gaseous nitrogen through ducts disposed to either side of a conveyor carrying product to be frozen through a freezing tunnel. The cold gaseous nitrogen is deflected downwardly onto product on the conveyor by a baffle having, in cross section, the form of a cusp. The cold gaseous nitrogen forms two counter-rotating vortex. The cold gaseous nitrogen travels across the product and then passes into an intake cowl primarily via inlets disposed adjacent both edges of the conveyor. The intake cowl collects the cold gaseous nitrogen which is sucked into the intake of the turbulence inducing fan. This arrangement provides excellent heat transfer to the product being frozen.
摘要翻译： 湍流诱发风扇通过设置在通过冷冻隧道冷冻的传送带承载产品的任一侧的管道吹送冷气态氮。 冷气态氮通过具有截面形式的挡板的向下偏转到输送机上的产品上。 冷的气态氮形成两个反向旋转的涡流。 冷气态氮穿过产品，然后主要通过邻近输送机两边的入口进入进气罩。 进气罩收集被吸入湍流诱导风扇入口的冷气态氮。 这种布置提供了对被冷冻产品的良好的热传递。
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公开(公告)号：US4989416A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US444480
申请日：1989-12-01
申请人： Jeremy P. Miller , John V. Summers
发明人： Jeremy P. Miller , John V. Summers
摘要： A tunnel freezer comprises an elongate tunnel which is inclined to the horizontal and which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis. The inside of the tunnel is provided with a weir which retains a pool of liquid nitorgen between the weir and the upper end of the tunnel. Particles to be frozen are introduced into the tunnel on a conveyor and drop into the pool where they freeze substantially without aggregation. Rotation of the tunnel carries the particles out of the liquid nitrogen and through the remainder of the tunnel to the outlet end of the tunnel. The frozen particles and the nitrogen vapour from the tunnel pass through a common outlet which is provided with a pivoting plate which restricts the flow through the common outlet so that the tunnel operates at or slightly above atmospheric pressure thereby inhibiting ingress of moist air into the tunnel. Movement of particles through the tunnel is facilitated by lifting bars which form part of a liner which can be readily removed and replaced as desired. In a second embodiment the tunnel is provided with a spiral ribbon which forms a multiplicity of pools extending along the tunnel. This embodiment is particularly useful where the supply of frozen particles is variable.
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