摘要:
A single crystal of yttrium-iron garnet or solid solution comprising aluminum oxide component, gallium oxide component, iron oxide and/or the other rare earth oxide component is produced by a floating zone method.
摘要:
An iron-doped lithium niobate single crystal having a molar fraction of Li.sub.2 O/(Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 +Li.sub.2 O) of from 0.495 to 0.50 which is closer to the stoichiometrical composition than a usual congruent composition, and a high diffraction efficiency by a two light wave mixture.
摘要:
A single crystal of lithium niobate or lithium tantalate may be grown from a melt of a composition having a molar excess of Li compared to a melt having the stoichiometric amount of lithium, and having a molar fraction of Li2O/(Nb2O5+Li2O) or Li2O/(Ta2O5+Li2O) within a range of at least 0.490 and less than 0.500. The single crystal also has at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Zn, Sc and In, in an amount of from 0.1 to 3.0 mol % based on the total amount of the elements, Nb and Li, or the total amount of the elements, Ta and Li.
摘要翻译:铌酸锂或钽酸锂的单晶可以从具有摩尔过量的Li的组合物的熔体与具有化学计量的锂的熔体相比生长,并且具有Li 2 O /(Nb 2 O 5 + Li 2 O)或Li 2 O的摩尔分数 /(Ta2O5 + Li2O)在0.490以上且小于0.500的范围内。 单晶还具有选自Mg,Zn,Sc和In中的至少一种元素,相对于元素的总量,Nb和Li为0.1〜3.0摩尔%,或者总量 的元素,Ta和Li。
摘要:
A stoichiometric single crystal of lithium niobate or lithium tantalate is produced by pulling a single crystal of lithium niobate or lithium tantalate having a molar fraction of Li2O/(Nb2O5+Li2O) or Li2O/ (Ta2O5+Li2O) of at least 0.490 and less than 0.500, from a melt of a composition having a molar excess of Li over a stoichiometric composition of lithium niobate or lithium tantalate. The single crystal has 0.1 to 3 mol % of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Zn, Sc and In based on a total amount of elements Nb and Li, or a total amount of elements Ta and Li. The single crystal has substantially no absorption in the visible light region.
摘要翻译:铌酸锂或钽酸锂的化学计量单晶通过将具有至少0.490摩尔分数的Li 2 O /(Nb 2 O 5 + Li 2 O)或Li 2 O /(Ta 2 O 5 + Li 2 O)的摩尔分数的铌酸锂或钽酸锂的单晶拉伸并且小于 0.500,来自具有摩尔过量的Li的组合物的熔体,其化学计量组成为铌酸锂或钽酸锂。 基于元素Nb和Li的总量或元素Ta和Li的总量,单晶具有选自Mg,Zn,Sc和In中的至少一种元素的0.1至3mol%。 单晶在可见光区域基本上没有吸收。
摘要:
When a Si single crystal 8 is pulled up from a melt 6 received in a crucible 2, the state of eddy flows generated in the melt 6 is judged from the temperature distribution of the melt at the surface. According to the result of judgement, the gas, i.e. N.sub.2, Xe or Kr, which causes extraoridnary deviation in the density of a melt 6 is added to an atmospheric gas, so as to keep the eddy flows under unstabilized condition. The effect of said gas is typical in the case of crystal growth from the melt to which a dopant such as Ca, Sb, Al, As or In having the effect to suppress the extraordinary deviation in the density is added. Since the single crystal is pulled up from the melt held in the temperature-controlled condition at the surface, impurity distribution and oxygen distribution are made uniform along the direction of crystal growth. A single crystal obtained in this way has highly-stabilized quality.
摘要:
The present invention provides a nanowire production method that is simpler than conventional nanowire production methods, and that makes it easier to control the size and shape of the nanowires by using a technique completely different from the conventional ones. A powder particle containing a metal element is divided into nanometer-size wires containing the metal element by irradiating a suspension of the powder particles with a femtosecond laser. The present invention also makes it possible to divide the nanometer-size wires thus formed into nanometer-size particles containing the metal element by irradiating further the nanometer-size wires with the femtosecond laser.
摘要:
A near field analysis apparatus comprising: an irradiation optical system comprising an irradiation-side adjustable optical system for adjusting the position or angle of an optical axis thereof, and irradiating irradiation-side guide light onto an adjustment surface via the irradiation-side adjustable optical system; a light collecting optical system comprising a light-collection-side adjustable optical system for adjusting the position or angle of an optical axis thereof, and irradiating light-collection-side guide light onto the adjustment surface via the light-collection-side adjustable optical system; an irradiation-side adjustment device for adjusting the position or angle of the irradiation-side adjustable optical system such that the spots of the guide light, which are observed at the adjustment surface, match; and a light-collection-side adjustment device for adjusting the position or angle of the light-collection-side adjustable optical system such that the spots of the guide light, which are observed at the adjustment surface, match.
摘要:
A near-field microscope comprising: a probe for scattering a near-field light; light emitting device including a light source for emitting light to a sample or said probe; and light sampling device for sampling and detecting a light that includes information of the sample scattered by said probe, said microscope comprising: control device for spacing said sample or probe from a field of a near-field light generated by said light emission or disposing the sample or probe at a position that is shallow in a field of near-field light, thereby detecting a noise by said light sampling device; inserting said sample or probe deeply into a field of near-field light generated by said light emission, thereby detecting light intensity by said light sampling device; and computing device for computing a measurement result obtained by subtracting a noise from said light intensity.
摘要:
The density of a melt precisely represents the stability of the melt, so that the initiation of pulling-up operation can be determined on the basis of the changing rate of the density. The pulling-up operation may be started when the density becomes constant, or when the changing rate of the density with respect to the temperature becomes smaller. Since the melt or clusters do not include different minute structures, an obtained single crystal is of high quality free from minute faults or dislocations.
摘要:
The present invention provides a nanowire production method that is simpler than conventional nanowire production methods, and that makes it easier to control the size and shape of the nanowires by using a technique completely different from the conventional ones. A powder particle containing a metal element is divided into nanometer-size wires containing the metal element by irradiating a suspension of the powder particles with a femtosecond laser. The present invention also makes it possible to divide the nanometer-size wires thus formed into nanometer-size particles containing the metal element by irradiating further the nanometer-size wires with the femtosecond laser.