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    Surround shroud connector and electrode housings for a subcutaneous electrode array and leadless ECGS
    1.
    发明授权
    Surround shroud connector and electrode housings for a subcutaneous electrode array and leadless ECGS 有权
    环绕护罩连接器和电极外壳，用于皮下电极阵列和无引线ECGS

    公开(公告)号：US06522915B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-02-18

    申请号：US09697438

    申请日：2000-10-26

    申请人： Thomas I. Ceballos ,  John E. Nicholson ,  Eric J. Panken ,  James D. Reinke ,  James Strom ,  Kevin K. Tidemand

    发明人： Thomas I. Ceballos ,  John E. Nicholson ,  Eric J. Panken ,  James D. Reinke ,  James Strom ,  Kevin K. Tidemand

    IPC分类号： A61B5042

    CPC分类号： A61B5/6852 ,  A61B5/0422 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61B5/7207 ,  A61B5/7217 ,  A61B2562/0209 ,  A61B2562/043 ,  A61B2562/164 ,  A61N1/375

    摘要： The invention discloses a subcutaneous electrode array or SEA for use in medical devices. The arrangement provides an enhanced capability for detecting and gathering electrical cardiac signals via the array of relatively closely spaced subcutaneous electrodes. Further, switching circuits, signal processors and memory to process electric cardiac signals are implemented to enable a leadless orientation-insensitive SEA scheme for receiving the electrical signal from the heart. The SEA is distributed over the perimeter of the implanted medical device and includes a non-conductive surround shroud of biocompatible material. The surround shroud is placed around the periphery of the case of the implanted medical device. Various configurations of recesses, each of which contain individual electrodes, are implemented to provide an enhanced signal to noise ratio for improved signal quality.

    摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于医疗器械的皮下电极阵列或SEA。 该装置提供了通过相对紧密间隔的皮下电极阵列检测和收集电心电信号的增强功能。 此外，实现开关电路，信号处理器和用于处理电心脏信号的存储器，以实现用于从心脏接收电信号的无引导取向不敏感的SEA方案。 SEA分布在植入的医疗装置的周边上，并且包括生物相容性材料的非导电环绕护罩。 环绕护罩放置在植入医疗装置的壳体的周围。 实现各种构造的凹槽，其中每个包含单独的电极，以提供增强的信噪比，以改善信号质量。

    System and method for deriving a virtual ECG or EGM signal
    2.
    发明授权
    System and method for deriving a virtual ECG or EGM signal 有权
    用于导出虚拟ECG或EGM信号的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06505067B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

    申请号：US09721275

    申请日：2000-11-22

    申请人： Brian B. Lee ,  Eric J. Panken ,  James D. Reinke

    发明人： Brian B. Lee ,  Eric J. Panken ,  James D. Reinke

    IPC分类号： A61B50402

    CPC分类号： A61B5/04011 ,  A61B5/0402 ,  G06F19/00

    摘要： A system and method for obtaining a virtual physiologic voltage signal between a first predetermined point in a second selected point in the body is disclosed. At least three electrodes are used to measure two voltage signals S1 and S2 in a body. In one embodiment, the signal S1 is measured between a first electrode and a common electrode, and the signal S2 is measured between a second electrode and the common electrode. A selected point within the body may be chosen to define a pair of virtual electrodes existing between this selected point and the common electrode. An approximation of the voltage signal S as could be measured between electrodes positioned at these virtual electrode locations may be derived as a function of S1, S2, and &thgr;, wherein &thgr; is the angle between the directional vector U1 for the signal S1 and the directional vector U for the signal S. According to the inventive system and method, the signal value for S is also dependent on the distances between the electrode pairs, on the angle &bgr; between directional vectors U1 and U2, and on the distance between the virtual electrodes. The current invention may be utilized with electrodes that are positioned either externally on the surface of, or implanted within, a body. According to one aspect of the invention, a user may employ a user interface to select the values of &thgr;, &bgr;, and the electrode spacings. Alternatively, ones of these parameters may be predetermined by the system. In another embodiment, the system could derive the signal S over a predetermined range of values for the angle &thgr;. The system may then select the angle of &thgr; resulting in the derived signal S that exhibits a desired waveform morphology.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在身体的第二选定点中的第一预定点之间获得虚拟生理电压信号的系统和方法。 使用至少三个电极来测量身体中的两个电压信号S1和S2。 在一个实施例中，在第一电极和公共电极之间测量信号S1，并且在第二电极和公共电极之间测量信号S2。 可以选择体内的选定点以限定存在于该选定点和公共电极之间的一对虚拟电极。 可以在位于这些虚拟电极位置的电极之间测量的电压信号S的近似作为S1，S2和θ的函数导出，其中θ是信号S1的方向矢量U1与方向 信号S的矢量U根据本发明的系统和方法，S的信号值也取决于在方向矢量U1和U2之间的角度β上的电极对之间的距离，以及虚拟电极之间的距离 。 本发明可以与位于体外表面或植入体内的电极一起使用。 根据本发明的一个方面，用户可以使用用户界面来选择θ，β和电极间距的值。 或者，这些参数中的一个可以由系统预先确定。 在另一个实施例中，系统可以在角度θ的预定值范围内导出信号S. 然后，系统可以选择θ的角度，导致出现所需波形形态的导出信号S.

    System and method for non-invasive determination of optimal orientation of an implantable sensing device
    3.
    发明授权
    System and method for non-invasive determination of optimal orientation of an implantable sensing device 有权
    用于非侵入性确定可植入感测装置的最佳取向的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06496715B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

    申请号：US09718689

    申请日：2000-11-22

    申请人： Brian B. Lee ,  Michael R. Kane ,  Eric J. Panken ,  James D. Reinke

    发明人： Brian B. Lee ,  Michael R. Kane ,  Eric J. Panken ,  James D. Reinke

    IPC分类号： A61B504

    CPC分类号： A61N1/375

    摘要： A system and method for determining the optimal positioning of an implantable system for sensing physiologic signals within a body. According to a one embodiment of the system, electrodes are positioned on an external surface of a body, and an ECG monitoring device is used to measure cardiac signals between various pairs of the electrodes. One or more of the electrodes may be re-positioned until an electrode pair position and orientation is located that provides a maximum signal reading. This position and orientation may then be used as the position and orientation in which to implant a corresponding device.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于确定用于感测身体内的生理信号的可植入系统的最佳定位的系统和方法。 根据系统的一个实施例，电极定位在身体的外表面上，并且使用ECG监测装置来测量各对电极之间的心脏信号。 一个或多个电极可以被重新定位，直到位于提供最大信号读数的电极对位置和取向。 然后可以将该位置和取向用作植入相应装置的位置和取向。

    OPTICAL SENSOR SYSTEM AND MEASUREMENT METHOD
    7.
    发明申请
    OPTICAL SENSOR SYSTEM AND MEASUREMENT METHOD 有权
    光传感器系统和测量方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120232354A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-09-13

    申请号：US13044119

    申请日：2011-03-09

    申请人： Robert Michael Ecker ,  Timothy J. Davis ,  James D. Reinke

    发明人： Robert Michael Ecker ,  Timothy J. Davis ,  James D. Reinke

    IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  G01D18/00

    CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/046 ,  A61B5/14552 ,  G01D5/34 ,  G01D18/008

    摘要： A medical device including an optical sensor is configured to measure an optical signal by integrating a current induced on a light detector of the optical sensor to obtain a voltage signal. The voltage signal is compared to a threshold. Responsive to the voltage signal reaching the threshold, an optical sensor control parameter is adjusted. The optical sensor is operated to produce the voltage signal using the adjusted control parameter.

    摘要翻译： 包括光学传感器的医疗装置被配置为通过对在光学传感器的光检测器上感应的电流进行积分来测量光信号以获得电压信号。 将电压信号与阈值进行比较。 响应于电压信号达到阈值，调整光传感器控制参数。 操作光学传感器以使用调整的控制参数产生电压信号。

    LOW-POWER SYSTEM CLOCK CALIBRATION BASED ON A HIGH- ACCURACY REFERENCE CLOCK
    8.
    发明申请
    LOW-POWER SYSTEM CLOCK CALIBRATION BASED ON A HIGH- ACCURACY REFERENCE CLOCK 有权
    基于高精度参考时钟的低功率系统时钟校准

    公开(公告)号：US20120109259A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-03

    申请号：US12915832

    申请日：2010-10-29

    申请人： Matthew Bond ,  Charles R. Gordon ,  Weizheng Liang ,  James D. Reinke ,  Jonathan P. Roberts

    发明人： Matthew Bond ,  Charles R. Gordon ,  Weizheng Liang ,  James D. Reinke ,  Jonathan P. Roberts

    IPC分类号： A61N1/08 ,  H03L7/00

    CPC分类号： A61N1/37264 ,  A61N1/025 ,  A61N1/08 ,  A61N1/372 ,  A61N1/37276 ,  G06F1/04 ,  G06F1/12

    摘要： Various techniques are described for periodically performing a calibration routine to calibrate a low-power system clock within an implantable medical device (IMD) based on a high accuracy reference clock also included in the IMD. The system clock is powered continuously, and the reference clock is only powered on during the calibration routine. The techniques include determining a clock error of the system clock based on a difference between frequencies of the system clock and the reference clock over a fixed number of clock cycles, and adjusting a trim value of the system clock to compensate for the clock error. Calibrating the system clock with a delta-sigma loop, for example, reduces the clock error over time. This allows accurate adjustment of the system clock to compensate for errors due to trim resolution, circuit noise and temperature.

    摘要翻译： 描述了各种技术，用于周期性地执行校准例程以基于也包括在IMD中的高精度参考时钟校准可植入医疗设备（IMD）内的低功率系统时钟。 系统时钟连续供电，参考时钟仅在校准程序中打开电源。 这些技术包括基于系统时钟的频率和固定数量的时钟周期上的参考时钟之间的差异来确定系统时钟的时钟误差，以及调整系统时钟的修整值以补偿时钟误差。 例如，用delta-sigma循环校准系统时钟可以减少时间误差。 这允许系统时钟的精确调整，以补偿由于调整分辨率，电路噪声和温度引起的误差。

    RADIATION-BASED TIMER FOR IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICES
    9.
    发明申请
    RADIATION-BASED TIMER FOR IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICES 有权
    用于可植入医疗器械的基于辐射的定时器

    公开(公告)号：US20100219351A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-02

    申请号：US12394179

    申请日：2009-02-27

    申请人： Jonathan P. Roberts ,  James D. Reinke ,  Jeffrey D. Wilkinson

    发明人： Jonathan P. Roberts ,  James D. Reinke ,  Jeffrey D. Wilkinson

    IPC分类号： G01J1/42 ,  G04B47/00

    CPC分类号： A61N1/372 ,  A61N1/025 ,  A61N1/3702 ,  A61N1/37276 ,  G04F5/16

    摘要： A radiation-based timer for use in an implantable medical device (IMD) includes a radiation source and a radiation detection circuit. The radiation source emits radiation particles during a process referred to as radioactive decay. The radiation detection circuit detects the radiation particles emitted during the decay process and tracks the number of radiation particles detected. When the number of radiation particles detected reaches a threshold value, a timer signal is generated. In this manner, the radiation-based timer generates a timer signal as a function of the radioactive decay of the radiation source. The timer signal may be used by one or more components of the IMD for any of a number of functions, including as a wakeup trigger for a communications and/or a sensor event.

    摘要翻译： 用于可植入医疗装置（IMD）的基于辐射的定时器包括辐射源和放射线检测电路。 辐射源在被称为放射性衰变的过程中发射辐射粒子。 辐射检测电路检测在衰变过程中发射的辐射粒子，并跟踪检测到的辐射粒子的数量。 当检测到的辐射粒子的数量达到阈值时，产生定时器信号。 以这种方式，基于辐射的定时器产生作为辐射源的放射性衰减的函数的定时器信号。 定时器信号可以由IMD的一个或多个组件用于多个功能中的任何一个，包括用于通信和/或传感器事件的唤醒触发。