摘要:
A copyright information management system supporting the management and protection of products comprised of digitalized multimedia content in a product distribution environment. The copyright information management system (10) provides a copyright information management center (11), provided in a product distribution environment (15) where products are distributed through communications lines (14) between a product provider (12) including at least one of a copyright owner and distributor and a product user (13) receiving the product, for exchanging information relating to the products through the communications lines (14). The copyright information management center (11) centrally manages all copyright information through the communications lines (14) by preregistering copyright information relating to the individual products in the center (11).
摘要:
A crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt having peaks at 2θ of 9.1°, 10.3°, 13.8°, 17.7°, 18.3°, 24.0°, 27.4°, 31.2° and 39.5° (±0.2° for each) in powder X-ray diffractometry using Cu Kα radiation, or a crystal of pyrroloquinoline quinone trisodium salt having peaks at 2θ of 6.6°, 11.4°, 13.0°, 22.6°, 26.9°, 27.9°, 37.0°, 38.9° and 43.4° (±0.2° for each) in powder X-ray diffractometry using Cu Kα radiation.
摘要:
An electronic substrate 100D has a tabular base material 110 which can install a heater element 120 and the cooling structure that cools the heater element 120. An electronic substrate 100 can be plugged in/out in the case 200 in the direction which is almost parallel to the face of the base material 110. The cooling structure is installed on the tabular base material 110, and has the first heat radiation part 160D with a hollow shape and the heat transfer part 700. The first heat radiation part 160D with a hollow shape radiates the generated heat of the heater element 120 installed in the base material. The heat transfer part 700 transfers the generated heat of the heater element 120 to the first heat radiation part 160D. The first heat radiation part 160D has the first joint surface 165 formed along a face which is almost vertical to the insert and removal direction W of the base material 110. The first heat radiation part 160D is connected to the second radiation part 260B set up in the case 200 thermally through the first joint surface 165. As a result, the generated heat of the heater element can be radiated sufficiently.
摘要:
In a piping structure of a cooling device using an ebullient cooling system, the cooling performance of the cooling device is degraded if the pipe is provided with flexibility, therefore, a piping structure of a cooling device according to an exemplary aspect of the invention includes a first tubular part with a hollow portion through which a refrigerant used in the cooling device flows; wherein the first tubular part is made of metal materials; and the surface roughness of the inner surface of the first tubular part is less than or equal to the size of a condensation nucleus for the refrigerant.
摘要:
In a metal film production apparatus, a copper plate member is etched with a Cl2 gas plasma within a chamber to form a precursor comprising a Cu component and a Cl2 gas; and the temperatures of the copper plate member and a substrate and a difference between their temperatures are controlled as predetermined, to deposit the Cu component of the precursor on the substrate, thereby forming a film of Cu. In this apparatus, Cl* is formed in an excitation chamber of a passage communicating with the interior of the chamber to flow a Cl2 gas, and the Cl* is supplied into the chamber to withdraw a Cl2 gas from the precursor adsorbed onto the substrate, thereby promoting a Cu film formation reaction. The apparatus has a high film formation speed, can use an inexpensive starting material, and can minimize impurities remaining in the film.
摘要:
A process for producing a silicon compound can minimize the number of steps and can form a desired compound in a low-temperature environment. The process comprises: allowing a radical of a halogen gas to act on a member 11 to be etched, which is disposed within a chamber 1 and is formed of a material containing an element capable of forming a compound with Si, while keeping the member 11 at a relatively high temperature, to form a gas of a precursor 24, which is a compound of the material and the halogen; holding a substrate 3 accommodated within the chamber 1 at a relatively low temperature, with the Si interface of the substrate 3 being exposed, to adsorb the precursor 24 onto the Si interface of the substrate 3; and then allowing the radical of the halogen gas to act on the precursor 24 adsorbed onto the Si interface to reduce the precursor 24, thereby producing a compound of the material and Si.
摘要:
A metal film production method supplies a source gas containing a halogen, such as a chlorine, to the interior of a chamber such that the source gas is intermittently supplied, to form a Cu component of a precursor into a film on a substrate, while suppressing a relative increase in etching particles. Thus, the source gas is supplied in the full presence of plasma particles contributing to film formation. Moreover, the source gas is supplied in a state in which a Cu film formed is not etched with the etching particles. Consequently, the Cu film is reliably increased with respect to the film formation time to increase the film formation speed. The temperature of the substrate is less than that of the etched member.Alternatively, a source gas is supplied to the interior of a chamber between a substrate and a copper plate member such that the source gas is gradually increased continuously from a flow rate of 0 to a predetermined flow rate to increase the particle size of the metal component, as copper gradually.
摘要:
A method and kit for electrochemically simply determining with excellent precision the amount of double-stranded DNA does not require an expensive measurement electrode, such as an immobilized enzyme electrode or any high level electrode production technique which can retain uniform surface area accuracy. A method and kit are provided for electrochemically determining the amount of double-stranded DNA in a sample solution based on a residual amount of a substance capable of binding to the double-stranded DNA which is added to the solution in excess amount, in which a buffering substance is added to a sample solution, the buffering substance being capable of allowing an oxidation wave potential of the potential-current curve for the substance capable of binding to the double-stranded-DNA determined in a solution containing the buffering substance to change depending on the concentration of the free substance capable of binding to the double-stranded DNA in the solution.
摘要:
A process for producing a silicon compound can minimize the number of steps and can form a desired compound in a low-temperature environment. The process comprises: allowing a radical of a halogen gas to act on a member 11 to be etched, which is disposed within a chamber 1 and is formed of a material containing an element capable of forming a compound with Si, while keeping the member 11 at a relatively high temperature, to form a gas of a precursor 24, which is a compound of the material and the halogen; holding a substrate 3 accommodated within the chamber 1 at a relatively low temperature, with the Si interface of the substrate 3 being exposed, to adsorb the precursor 24 onto the Si interface of the substrate 3; and then allowing the radical of the halogen gas to act on the precursor 24 adsorbed onto the Si interface to reduce the precursor 24, thereby producing a compound of the material and Si.
摘要:
A copper film vapor phase deposition method includes the steps of exposing high-purity copper to a plasma of a gas containing chlorine gas to etch the high-purity copper, thereby generating active CuxCly, wherein x is 1 to 3, y is 1 to 3, gas, and forming a copper film by transporting the CuxCly gas onto the surface of a substrate to be processed. By using inexpensive high-purity copper and inexpensive chlorine, hydrogen chloride, or chlorine and hydrogen as source gases, a copper film containing no residual impurity such as carbon and having high film quality can be formed with high reproducibility.