公开(公告)号：US5982711A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US869649

申请日：1997-06-05

申请人： Vernon L. Knowles ,  Donald J. Fasen ,  Richard D. Barndt

发明人： Vernon L. Knowles ,  Donald J. Fasen ,  Richard D. Barndt

IPC分类号： G11B5/008 ,  G11B5/48 ,  G11B5/55 ,  G11B5/58 ,  G11B5/584 ,  G11B15/00 ,  G11B15/087 ,  G11B21/08 ,  G11B5/09 ,  G11B21/02

CPC分类号： G11B15/087 ,  G11B15/005 ,  G11B21/086 ,  G11B5/4893 ,  G11B5/5508 ,  G11B5/58 ,  G11B5/584 ,  G11B5/00813 ,  G11B5/00817

摘要： A device for reading data from or writing data to magnetic storage media, the device comprising a head having a plurality of read/write elements for reading data from or writing data to magnetic storage media in respective tracks, and a plurality of servo elements for reading servo code from the media in respective bands different from the data tracks, the read/write elements and servo elements being arranged such that a plurality of the tracks operated on by the read/write elements are disposed between two servo bands operated on by two of the servo elements.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从磁存储介质读取数据或将数据写入磁存储介质的装置，该装置包括具有用于从相应磁道中的磁存储介质读取数据或向其写入数据的多个读/写元件的磁头，以及用于读取的多个伺服元件 来自与数据磁道不同的各个频带中的媒体的伺服码，所述读/写元件和伺服元件被布置成使得由所述读/写元件操作的多个轨道被布置在由两个 伺服元件。

公开(公告)号：US08656263B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-18

申请号：US13118137

申请日：2011-05-27

申请人： Xinde Hu ,  Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt

发明人： Xinde Hu ,  Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt

IPC分类号： H03M13/00

CPC分类号： H03M13/256 ,  G06F11/1072 ,  H03M13/253 ,  H03M13/2933 ,  H03M13/3988

摘要： A method and system for storing data in a multi-level cell (MLC) flash memory device are described. The method includes receiving data for storage in the flash memory device, the flash memory device comprising an array of MLC flash memory cells, and encoding the received data into non-binary symbols according to a trellis-coded modulation scheme. The method further includes writing each of the non-binary symbols to a respective flash memory cell set, wherein each flash memory cell set comprises a plurality of MLC flash memory cells.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于在多级单元（MLC）闪速存储器件中存储数据的方法和系统。 所述方法包括接收用于存储在闪存设备中的数据，所述闪存设备包括MLC闪存单元阵列，并且根据网格编码的调制方案将接收到的数据编码为非二进制符号。 该方法还包括将每个非二进制符号写入相应的闪存单元组，其中每个快闪存储器单元组包括多个MLC闪存单元。

公开(公告)号：US08484519B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-09

申请号：US13553707

申请日：2012-07-19

申请人： Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt ,  Xinde Hu

发明人： Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt ,  Xinde Hu

IPC分类号： G06F11/00 ,  G11C29/00 ,  H03M13/00

CPC分类号： G11C16/3459 ,  G06F11/076 ,  G11C11/5628 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C2211/5621

摘要： The subject disclosure describes a method for reducing a sector error rate in a flash memory device, the method comprising, identifying a first program verify level having a first value, selecting an adjustment value for the first program verify level and programming the adjustment value to the first program verify level to replace the first value and to shift a first programming distribution associated with the first program verify level, wherein the shift in the first programming distribution is associated with a decrease in a sector error rate, wherein the shift in the first programming distribution is associated with an increase in a bit error rate. A flash storage device and computer-readable media are also provided.

摘要翻译： 主题公开内容描述了一种用于减少闪存设备中的扇区错误率的方法，该方法包括：识别具有第一值的第一程序验证级别，为第一程序验证级别选择调整值，并将调整值编程为 第一程序验证电平以替换第一值并移动与第一程序验证电平相关联的第一编程分布，其中第一编程分布中的移位与扇区错误率的减小相关联，其中第一编程中的移位 分布与误码率的增加相关联。 还提供闪存存储设备和计算机可读介质。

公开(公告)号：US07650561B1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-19

申请号：US11484462

申请日：2006-07-11

申请人： Bengt A. Ulriksson ,  Richard D. Barndt

发明人： Bengt A. Ulriksson ,  Richard D. Barndt

IPC分类号： H03M13/03

CPC分类号： H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3707 ,  H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/3966 ,  H03M13/3972

摘要： A MAP detector system operates in a parallel mode for on-the-fly operations and in a serial mode for error recovery operations. In the parallel mode, a plurality of Viterbi operators process a block of input sampled data in parallel. In the serial mode a selected forward Viterbi operator and two associated reverse Viterbi operators process the entire block of data, in order, to produce soft decision data.

摘要翻译： MAP检测器系统以并行模式操作，用于实时操作和串行模式用于错误恢复操作。 在并行模式中，多个维特比运算符并行地处理一组输入采样数据。 在串行模式下，选择的前向维特比运算符和两个相关的反向维特比运算符按顺序处理整个数据块，以产生软判决数据。

公开(公告)号：US06275350B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-14

申请号：US09054648

申请日：1998-04-03

申请人： Richard D. Barndt

发明人： Richard D. Barndt

IPC分类号： G11B5584

CPC分类号： G11B5/5504

摘要： A multi-transducer magnetic head includes an array of transducer pairs positioned across at least a portion of a cross section of a magnetic tape path. Each transducer pair includes at least one write transducer and at least one read transducer. Within each transducer pair, a first centerline through the write transducer is generally parallel to a second centerline through the read transducer. Distances between the first and second centerlines within individual transducer pairs increase with distances of the transducer pairs from a head position reference point. In the preferred embodiment, the write transducers have a first pitch and the read transducers have a second pitch. However, the read transducers are biased toward the head position reference point, so that the pitch of the read transducers is smaller than the pitch of the write transducers. The method of determining the positions of the read and write transducers includes (1) dividing the sources of transducer-to-track alignment errors into biased and non-biased sources, (2) calculating preferred margins to compensate for the non-biased sources, and (3) laterally biasing the read transducers, the write transducers, or both to compensate for the biased sources.

摘要翻译： 多换能器磁头包括位于磁带路径的横截面的至少一部分上的换能器对的阵列。 每个换能器对包括至少一个写换能器和至少一个读换能器。 在每个换能器对内，通过写换能器的第一中心线通常通过读取换能器与第二中心线平行。 单个换能器对中的第一和第二中心线之间的距离随着换能器对与头部位置参考点的距离而增加。 在优选实施例中，写换能器具有第一间距，并且读换能器具有第二间距。 然而，读取换能器偏向头位置参考点，使得读换能器的间距小于写换能器的间距。 确定读取和写入换能器的位置的方法包括（1）将换能器到轨道对准误差源划分为偏置和非偏置源，（2）计算优选余量以补偿非偏置源， 和（3）横向偏置读取换能器，写入换能器或两者以补偿偏置源。

公开(公告)号：US06222698B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09083854

申请日：1998-05-22

申请人： Richard D. Barndt ,  Carl P. Taussig

发明人： Richard D. Barndt ,  Carl P. Taussig

IPC分类号： G11B500

CPC分类号： G11B5/00813 ,  G11B5/4893 ,  G11B5/56 ,  G11B5/584 ,  G11B33/14

摘要： An apparatus and a method of recording and reading data to and from a multi-track magnetic tape utilize a multi-transducer magnetic head that is able to change its azimuth angle relative to the magnetic tape to compensate for variations in tape width due to sources of dimensional instability, such as age-related tape shrinkage. In one embodiment, the magnetic head contains at least eight write/read pairs positioned between two servo readers. Each servo reader includes a servo read transducer. During the original recording operation, the magnetic head is positioned at a write azimuth angle, for example, twenty degrees, such that a small change in the azimuth angle can compensate for age-related tape shrinkage. A read operation includes aligning two servo read transducers to two recorded servo tracks by laterally moving the magnetic head and changing the azimuth angle of the magnetic head to a read azimuth angle. In the preferred embodiment, the lateral movement of the head aligns the top servo read transducer to a desired servo track. Then, the magnetic head is pivoted about the top servo read transducer until the bottom servo read transducer is aligned to an adjacent servo track. The re-recording operation includes recording new data into the recorded tracks using the magnetic head that is positioned at the read azimuth angle.

摘要翻译： 一种用于向多轨磁带记录数据和从多轨磁带读取数据的装置和方法利用能够相对于磁带改变其方位角的多换能器磁头，以补偿由于 尺寸不稳定性，如年龄相关的胶带收缩。 在一个实施例中，磁头包含位于两个伺服读取器之间的至少八个写入/读取对。 每个伺服读取器包括伺服读取传感器。 在原始记录操作期间，磁头位于写入方位角，例如二十度，使得方位角的小变化可以补偿与年龄有关的胶带收缩。 读取操作包括通过横向移动磁头并将磁头的方位角改变为读取方位角将两个伺服读取换能器对准两个记录的伺服轨迹。 在优选实施例中，头部的横向移动将顶部伺服读取换能器对准所需的伺服轨道。 然后，磁头围绕顶部伺服读取传感器枢转，直到底部伺服读取传感器对准相邻的伺服轨道。 重新记录操作包括使用位于读取的方位角的磁头将新数据记录到记录的轨道中。

公开(公告)号：US08656256B2

公开(公告)日：2014-02-18

申请号：US13177482

申请日：2011-07-06

申请人： Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt ,  Ashot Melik-Martirosian

发明人： Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt ,  Ashot Melik-Martirosian

IPC分类号： G11C29/00 ,  G06F13/00 ,  G06F13/28 ,  G11C11/34 ,  G11C16/06 ,  G11C7/00

CPC分类号： G06F11/1072 ,  G11C11/5621 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/34 ,  G11C29/44 ,  G11C29/52 ,  G11C2029/0409 ,  G11C2029/0411 ,  G11C2029/4402 ,  G11C2211/5641 ,  H03M13/03

摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus and method for operating a multi-level cell (MLC) flash memory circuit. Data is read from a memory block of a plurality of memory blocks in the MLC flash memory circuit, wherein each of the plurality of memory blocks can operate in one of at least three modes of operation comprising an MLC mode, a single-level cell (SLC) mode and a defective mode, and wherein the memory block is initially operating in the MLC mode. Error correction is performed on the read data to correct read errors in the read data. A determination is made if a number of bits corrected by the error correction exceeds a predetermined threshold value. If the number of bits corrected by the error correction exceeds the predetermined threshold value, the operating mode of the memory block is switched from the MLC mode to the SLC mode.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于操作多电平单元（MLC）闪速存储器电路的装置和方法。 从MLC闪速存储器电路中的多个存储器块的存储器块读取数据，其中多个存储器块中的每一个可以在至少三种操作模式中的一种操作，包括MLC模式，单级单元（ SLC）模式和缺陷模式，并且其中存储块最初在MLC模式下操作。 对读取的数据进行错误校正，以纠正读取数据中的读取错误。 如果通过纠错校正的位数超过预定阈值，则确定。 如果通过纠错校正的比特数超过预定阈值，则将存储块的操作模式从MLC模式切换到SLC模式。

公开(公告)号：US08605501B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-10

申请号：US13176727

申请日：2011-07-05

申请人： Xinde Hu ,  Richard D. Barndt ,  Anthony D. Weathers

发明人： Xinde Hu ,  Richard D. Barndt ,  Anthony D. Weathers

IPC分类号： G11C11/34

CPC分类号： G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/3454

摘要： Disclosed is an system and method for determining a probability that a memory cell was programmed to a certain input level. An output level is received from a memory cell and a probability is determined that the output level corresponds to each of a plurality of programming levels. Each probability is determined as a function of the output level, a mean value of a distribution corresponding to the programming level, and a variance from the mean value with the variance being determined by a relative position of the output level with respect to the mean value. A probability value is generated as a function of the plurality of determined probabilities and then provided for use at a demodulator.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定存储器单元被编程到某一输入电平的概率的系统和方法。 从存储器单元接收输出电平，并且确定输出电平对应于多个编程电平中的每一个的概率。 每个概率被确定为输出电平的函数，与编程电平相对应的分布的平均值，以及与方差的平均值的差异由输出电平相对于平均值的相对位置确定 。 生成概率值作为多个确定概率的函数，然后提供给解调器使用。

公开(公告)号：US20120240006A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-20

申请号：US13118137

申请日：2011-05-27

申请人： Xinde Hu ,  Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt

发明人： Xinde Hu ,  Anthony D. Weathers ,  Richard D. Barndt

IPC分类号： H03M13/15 ,  G06F11/16 ,  G06F11/08

CPC分类号： H03M13/256 ,  G06F11/1072 ,  H03M13/253 ,  H03M13/2933 ,  H03M13/3988

摘要： A method and system for storing data in a multi-level cell (MLC) flash memory device are described. The method includes receiving data for storage in the flash memory device, the flash memory device comprising an array of MLC flash memory cells, and encoding the received data into non-binary symbols according to a trellis-coded modulation scheme. The method further includes writing each of the non-binary symbols to a respective flash memory cell set, wherein each flash memory cell set comprises a plurality of MLC flash memory cells.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于在多级单元（MLC）闪速存储器件中存储数据的方法和系统。 所述方法包括接收用于存储在闪存设备中的数据，所述闪存设备包括MLC闪存单元阵列，并且根据网格编码的调制方案将接收到的数据编码为非二进制符号。 该方法还包括将每个非二进制符号写入相应的闪存单元组，其中每个快闪存储器单元组包括多个MLC闪存单元。

公开(公告)号：US06871810B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-29

申请号：US09353173

申请日：1999-07-14

申请人： Richard D. Barndt ,  Erik Vaaler

发明人： Richard D. Barndt ,  Erik Vaaler

IPC分类号： G11B5/84 ,  G11B15/02 ,  G11B15/66 ,  B65H59/38

CPC分类号： G11B15/66 ,  G11B15/026

摘要： A magnetic tape is packed prior to removal from a tape drive. The tape is packed by completely unwinding the tape and then completely rewinding the tape without reading or writing to the tape. Completely unwinding the tape and then completely rewinding the tape reduces air entrainment and thereby reduces the susceptibility of the tape to damage after removal from the tape drive.

摘要翻译： 在从磁带驱动器中取出之前，先将磁带打包。 磁带通过完全展开磁带进行打包，然后在不读取或写入磁带的情况下完全重绕磁带。 完全松开胶带，然后完全倒带，减少了气流夹带，从而降低了磁带从磁带驱动器中取出后的损坏敏感性。