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公开(公告)号：US11428012B2
公开(公告)日：2022-08-30
申请号：US16952551
申请日：2020-11-19
IPC分类号： E04F13/00 , C04B26/00 , C09D5/00 , E04F13/02 , C04B26/06 , C04B26/08 , C04B26/12 , C04B26/16 , C09D5/03 , H01B1/20 , E04B1/76 , C04B111/00 , C04B111/28 , H01B1/00
摘要： Disclosed is a method to produce composite materials, which contain customized mixes of nano- and/or micro-particles with tailored electromagnetic spectral properties, structural elements based thereon, in particular layers, but also bulk materials including inhomogeneous bulk materials. In some embodiments the IR-reflectivity is enhanced predominantly independently of reflectivity for visible wavelength. The enhanced IR-reflectivity is achieved by combining spectral properties from a plurality of nano- and/or micro-particles of distinct size distribution, shape distribution, chemical composition, crystal structure, and crystallinity distribution. This enables to approximate desired target spectra better than know solutions, which comprise only a single type of particles and/or an uncontrolled natural size distribution. Furthermore disclosed are methods of manufacturing such materials, including ceramics, clay, and concrete, as well as applications related to design and construction of buildings or other confined spaces.
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公开(公告)号：US20180252423A1
公开(公告)日：2018-09-06
申请号：US15449691
申请日：2017-03-03
IPC分类号： F24F11/00 , E04F13/075 , E04F13/072 , F24F7/013 , F24F5/00 , G05B19/048
CPC分类号： F24F11/62 , F24F5/0021 , F24F7/013 , F24F11/30 , F24F11/47 , F24F11/52 , F24F11/54 , F24F11/58 , F24F11/63 , F24F11/64 , F24F11/77 , F24F2110/10 , F24F2110/12 , F24F2110/20 , F24F2130/00 , F24F2130/10 , F24F2130/20 , F24F2140/60 , G05B15/02 , G05B2219/2614 , G05B2219/2642
摘要： Disclosed are methods for at least approximating any one or any combination of system targets of a) reducing the average energy expenditure for keeping at least one primary compartment of a building within a desired temperature range by means of active e air conditioning, or b) reducing temperature variations during a typical 24-hour cycle within said at least one primary compartment of said building, or c) reducing one or both of the average temperature or the peak temperature of said at least one primary compartment of said building.The invention concerns predominantly enclosed spaces, typically buildings, which are at least exposed to directionally and temporally varying levels of solar electromagnetic radiation as well as temporally varying levels of ambient air temperature and ambient air flow velocity and direction. Such a building comprising at least one primary compartment and at least one secondary compartment, and wherein said primary compartment predominantly serves to achieve the primary purpose of the building.The disclosed methods are furthermore at least in part based on at least one electronic controller, which is able to one or both of a) controlling means to modulate the amount of passive air flow to and from said at least one secondary compartment, and b) controlling means to modulate the amount of actively driven air flow to and from said at least one secondary compartment, and said electronic controller furthermore comprising at least one, at least partially descriptive, analytical and/or, numerical, and/or reduced order model to at least approximately compute, i.e. predict, the thermal behavior of said building, and said controller using said at least partially descriptive model to derive control signals suitable to at least approximate said at least one system target. In some embodiments the disclosed methods are at least partially incorporated in a home automation system, including optionally internet connectivity.In some embodiments the disclosed methods are at least partially capable of increasing the typical lifetime of some components of buildings and thus reducing resources associated with maintaining at least some buildings functional.
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公开(公告)号：US20150337536A1
公开(公告)日：2015-11-26
申请号：US14717794
申请日：2015-05-20
CPC分类号： E04D13/178 , B05B3/02 , B05C3/02 , C23C4/12 , C23C14/00 , C23C14/22 , C23C16/00 , C23C16/50 , E04D1/28 , E04D1/30 , E04D13/17 , E04D2001/309 , F24F7/02
摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus for venting buildings, specifically attic spaces, such vents being predominantly shape-conform to the components from which a wall or a roof is built (typically tiles, in the context of roofs), the vent typically being fabricated from a metallic, plastic, or ceramic core as well as one or more layers from other materials or compounds which modify the overall characteristics of the vent, such as the surface characteristics. Furthermore disclosed are methods of manufacturing such ventilation apparatuses.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于排放建筑物，特别是阁楼空间的装置，这种通风口主要地与构成墙壁或屋顶的构件形状一致（通常在屋顶的情况下通常为瓦片），通风口通常由金属制成 ，塑料或陶瓷芯，以及一个或多个来自其它材料或化合物的层，这些材料或化合物改变了通风口的整体特性，如表面特性。 此外公开了制造这种通风装置的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US20220019251A1
公开(公告)日：2022-01-20
申请号：US17227082
申请日：2021-04-09
摘要： Disclosed are methods and functional elements for enhanced thermal management of predominantly enclosed spaces. In particular, the invention enables the construction of buildings with reduced power requirements for heating and/or air-conditioning systems since under certain conditions less energy for heating or cooling is required to maintain, within certain boundaries, desirable temperatures inside such buildings, habitats, or other enclosed spaces.
In some instances the invention is in part based on dynamically changing functional elements with variable properties, or effective properties, in terms of their electromagnetic radiative behavior and/or their thermal energy storage properties, or the spatial distribution of the stored thermal energy, which permits the application of methods and algorithms to control the overall thermal behavior of the entire structure in such a way that desired levels of inside temperature can be reached with reduced consumption of external energy (typically electricity, gas, oil, or coal).
In some instances no conventional heating of cooling is required at all, whereas in other instances the expenditure of external energy for conventional heating or cooling is reduced. In some instances the invention enables the reduction of the time to reach desired temperatures inside such buildings, habitats, or other predominantly enclosed spaces.
In some instances the obtained sensor data may be used to detect the occurrence or imminently predicted occurrence of a catastrophic event, including but not limited to fire or flooding, internal or external to the predominantly enclosed space.
In some embodiments this information may support any single or any combination of locally or remotely alerting humans, alerting rescue units, activating countermeasures, uploading at least partially said sensor data to off-site computers, determining the cause(s) of said catastrophic event, determining liability, determining insure payments, determining insurance premiums.-
公开(公告)号：US20190277036A1
公开(公告)日：2019-09-12
申请号：US16387206
申请日：2019-04-17
摘要： Disclosed is a method to produce composite materials, which contain customized mixes of nano- and/or micro-particles with tailored electromagnetic spectral properties, structural elements based thereon, in particular layers, but also bulk materials including inhomogeneous bulk materials. In some embodiments the IR-reflectivity is enhanced predominantly independently of reflectivity for visible wavelength. The enhanced IR-reflectivity is achieved by combining spectral properties from a plurality of nano- and/or micro-particles of distinct size distribution, shape distribution, chemical composition, crystal structure, and crystallinity distribution. This enables to approximate desired target spectra better than know solutions, which comprise only a single type of particles and/or an uncontrolled natural size distribution. Furthermore disclosed are methods of manufacturing such materials, including ceramics, clay, and concrete, as well as applications related to design and construction of buildings or other confined spaces.
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6.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20180252427A1
公开(公告)日：2018-09-06
申请号：US15449704
申请日：2017-03-03
IPC分类号： F24F11/00 , G05B19/048
摘要： Disclosed are methods for at least approximating any one or any combination of system targets of a) reducing the average energy expenditure for keeping at least one primary compartment of a building within a desired temperature range by means of activee air conditioning, or b) reducing temperature variations during a typical 24-hour cycle within said at least one primary compartment of said building, or c) reducing one or both of the average temperature or the peak temperature of said at least one primary compartment of said building.The invention concerns predominantly enclosed spaces, typically buildings, which are at least exposed to directionally and temporally varying levels of solar electromagnetic radiation as well as temporally varying levels of ambient air temperature and ambient air flow velocity and direction. Such a building comprising at least one primary compartment and at least one secondary compartment, and wherein said primary compartment predominantly serves to achieve the primary purpose of the building.The disclosed methods are furthermore at least in part based on at least one electronic controller, which is able to one or both of a) controlling means to modulate the amount of passive air flow to and from said at least one secondary compartment, and b) controlling means to modulate the amount of actively driven air flow to and from said at least one secondary compartment, and said electronic controller furthermore comprising at least one, at least partially descriptive, analytical and/or, numerical, and/or reduced order model to at least approximately compute, i.e. predict, the thermal behavior of said building, and said controller using said at least partially descriptive model to derive control signals suitable to at least approximate said at least one system target. In some embodiments the disclosed methods are at least partially incorporated in a home automation system, including optionally internet connectivity.In some embodiments the disclosed methods are at least partially capable of increasing the typical lifetime of some components of buildings and thus reducing resources associated with maintaining at least some buildings functional.
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公开(公告)号：US20170192442A1
公开(公告)日：2017-07-06
申请号：US15378450
申请日：2016-12-14
CPC分类号： G05D23/1917 , E06B5/00 , F24D3/082 , F24S10/00 , F24S20/66 , F24S23/77 , F24S30/42 , F24S60/30 , G05B15/02 , G05D23/1924 , G05F1/66
摘要： Disclosed are methods and functional elements for enhanced thermal management of predominantly enclosed spaces. In particular, the invention enables the construction of buildings with reduced power requirements for heating and/or air-conditioning systems since under certain conditions less energy for heating or cooling is required to maintain, within certain boundaries, desirable temperatures inside such buildings, habitats, or other enclosed spaces.In some instances the invention is in part based on dynamically changing functional elements with variable properties, or effective properties, in terms of their electromagnetic radiative behavior and/or their thermal energy storage properties, or the spatial distribution of the stored thermal energy, which permits the application of methods and algorithms to control the overall thermal behavior of the entire structure in such a way that desired levels of inside temperature can be reached with reduced consumption of external energy (typically electricity, gas, oil, or coal).In some instances no conventional heating of cooling is required at all, whereas in other instances the expenditure of external energy for conventional heating or cooling is reduced. In some instances the invention enables the reduction of the time to reach desired temperatures inside such buildings, habitats, or other predominantly enclosed spaces.In some instances the obtained sensor data may be used to detect the occurrence or imminently predicted occurrence of a catastrophic event, including but not limited to fire or flooding, internal or external to the predominantly enclosed space.In some embodiments this information may support any single or any combination of locally or remotely alerting humans, alerting rescue units, activating countermeasures, uploading at least partially said sensor data to off-site computers, determining the cause(s) of said catastrophic event, determining liability, determining insure payments, determining insurance premiums.
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公开(公告)号：US11479973B2
公开(公告)日：2022-10-25
申请号：US16692264
申请日：2019-11-22
IPC分类号： E04D13/17 , E04D1/28 , C23C16/50 , C23C14/22 , C23C4/12 , B05C3/02 , B05B3/02 , C23C14/00 , C23C16/00 , E04D1/30 , F24F7/02
摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus for venting buildings, specifically attic spaces, such vents being predominantly shape-conform to the components from which a wall or a roof is built (typically tiles, in the context of roofs), the vent typically being fabricated from a metallic, plastic, or ceramic core as well as one or more layers from other materials or compounds which modify the overall characteristics of the vent, such as the surface characteristics. Furthermore disclosed are methods of manufacturing such ventilation apparatuses.
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公开(公告)号：US10851547B2
公开(公告)日：2020-12-01
申请号：US16447701
申请日：2019-06-20
IPC分类号： E04F13/02 , C04B26/00 , C04B26/06 , C04B26/08 , C04B26/12 , C04B26/16 , C09D5/03 , H01B1/20 , E04B1/76 , C04B111/00 , C04B111/28 , H01B1/00
摘要： Disclosed are methods to produce composite materials, which contain customized mixes of nano- and/or micro-particles with tailored electromagnetic spectral properties. In some defense-related applications, the use of such materials enables an improved spectral match between different structures, such as vehicles or buildings with the surrounding environment at least in the VIS and NIR wavelength range. This can camouflage the structures, and reduce the detectability thereof by ground-, air- or space-based multi-spectral long-range imaging systems, including aircrafts, drones, and satellites, and thus, generally delay, complicate, or eliminate detection or classification of the camouflaged structures.
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公开(公告)号：US20200347609A1
公开(公告)日：2020-11-05
申请号：US16692264
申请日：2019-11-22
IPC分类号： E04D13/17 , E04D1/28 , C23C16/50 , C23C14/22 , C23C4/12 , B05C3/02 , B05B3/02 , C23C14/00 , C23C16/00 , E04D1/30 , F24F7/02
摘要： Disclosed is an apparatus for venting buildings, specifically attic spaces, such vents being predominantly shape-conform to the components from which a wall or a roof is built (typically tiles, in the context of roofs), the vent typically being fabricated from a metallic, plastic, or ceramic core as well as one or more layers from other materials or compounds which modify the overall characteristics of the vent, such as the surface characteristics. Furthermore disclosed are methods of manufacturing such ventilation apparatuses.
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