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公开(公告)号：US20130139035A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-30
申请号：US13583617
申请日：2011-03-11
申请人： Hao Zhong , Yan Li , Radoslav Danilak , Earl T. Cohen
发明人： Hao Zhong , Yan Li , Radoslav Danilak , Earl T. Cohen
IPC分类号： G06F11/10
CPC分类号： H03M13/3715 , G06F3/0611 , G06F3/0619 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0655 , G06F3/0679 , G06F11/1008 , G06F11/1048 , G06F11/1068 , G06F11/1072 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/10 , G11C16/26 , G11C29/52 , H03M13/1108 , H03M13/1111 , H03M13/3707 , H03M13/373 , H03M13/6502
摘要： A Solid-State Disk (SSD) controller uses LDPC decoding to enable flash memory accesses with improved latency and/or error correction capabilities. With SLC flash memory having a BER less than a predetermined value, the SSD controller uses a 1-bit read (single read) hard-decision LDPC decoder to access the flash memory. If the hard-decision LDPC decoder detects an uncorrectable error, then the SSD controller uses a 1.5-bit read (two reads) erasure-decision LDPC decoder to access the flash memory. With flash memory having a raw BER between two other predetermined values, the SSD controller omits the use of the hard-decision LDPC decoder and uses only the erasure-decision LDPC decoder to access the flash memory. Variations of the SSD controller similarly access MLC flash memory. Some SSD controllers dynamically switch between hard-decision and erasure-based decoders based on dynamic decoder selection criteria.
摘要翻译： 固态盘（SSD）控制器使用LDPC解码来实现具有改进的延迟和/或纠错能力的闪速存储器访问。 使用BER小于预定值的SLC闪速存储器，SSD控制器使用1位读（单读）硬判决LDPC解码器访问闪速存储器。 如果硬判决LDPC解码器检测到不可校正的错误，则SSD控制器使用1.5位读（两读）擦除判决LDPC解码器来访问闪速存储器。 对于具有两个其它预定值之间的原始BER的闪速存储器，SSD控制器省略硬判决LDPC解码器的使用，并且仅使用擦除判决LDPC解码器来访问闪速存储器。 SSD控制器的变化类似地访问MLC闪存。 一些SSD控制器基于动态解码器选择标准动态地在硬判决和基于擦除的解码器之间切换。
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公开(公告)号：US20140136927A1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-15
申请号：US13879383
申请日：2011-10-26
申请人： Yan Li , Hao Zhong , Radoslav Danilak , Earl T Cohen
发明人： Yan Li , Hao Zhong , Radoslav Danilak , Earl T Cohen
CPC分类号： G06F11/1068 , G06F11/1016 , G06F11/1048 , G11C11/5628 , G11C29/52 , H03M13/05 , H03M13/2906
摘要： Adaptive ECC techniques for use with flash memory enable improvements in flash memory lifetime, reliability, performance, and/or storage capacity. The techniques include a set of ECC schemes with various code rates and/or various code lengths (providing different error correcting capabilities), and error statistic collecting/tracking (such as via a dedicated hardware logic block). The techniques further include encoding/decoding in accordance with one or more of the ECC schemes, and dynamically switching encoding/decoding amongst one or more of the ECC schemes based at least in part on information from the error statistic collecting/tracking (such as via a hardware logic adaptive codec receiving inputs from the dedicated error statistic collecting/tracking hardware logic block). The techniques further include selectively operating a portion (e.g., page, block) of the flash memory in various operating modes (e.g. as an MLC page or an SLC page) over time.
摘要翻译： 与闪存一起使用的自适应ECC技术可以改善闪存的使用寿命，可靠性，性能和/或存储容量。 这些技术包括具有各种码率和/或各种码长（提供不同的纠错能力）的ECC方案和错误统计收集/跟踪（例如经由专用的硬件逻辑块）。 所述技术还包括根据ECC方案中的一个或多个的编码/解码，以及至少部分地基于来自错误统计收集/跟踪的信息（例如，经由 硬件逻辑自适应编解码器，从专用误差统计收集/跟踪硬件逻辑块接收输入）。 这些技术还包括随着时间的推移，以各种操作模式（例如，作为MLC页面或SLC页面）选择性地操作闪存的一部分（例如，页面，块）。
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公开(公告)号：US08935595B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US13583617
申请日：2011-03-11
申请人： Hao Zhong , Yan Li , Radoslav Danilak , Earl T Cohen
发明人： Hao Zhong , Yan Li , Radoslav Danilak , Earl T Cohen
CPC分类号： H03M13/3715 , G06F3/0611 , G06F3/0619 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0655 , G06F3/0679 , G06F11/1008 , G06F11/1048 , G06F11/1068 , G06F11/1072 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/10 , G11C16/26 , G11C29/52 , H03M13/1108 , H03M13/1111 , H03M13/3707 , H03M13/373 , H03M13/6502
摘要： A Solid-State Disk (SSD) controller uses LDPC decoding to enable flash memory accesses with improved latency and/or error correction capabilities. With SLC flash memory having a BER less than a predetermined value, the SSD controller uses a 1-bit read (single read) hard-decision LDPC decoder to access the flash memory. If the hard-decision LDPC decoder detects an uncorrectable error, then the SSD controller uses a 1.5-bit read (two reads) erasure-decision LDPC decoder to access the flash memory. With flash memory having a raw BER between two other predetermined values, the SSD controller omits the use of the hard-decision LDPC decoder and uses only the erasure-decision LDPC decoder to access the flash memory. Variations of the SSD controller similarly access MLC flash memory. Some SSD controllers dynamically switch between hard-decision and erasure-based decoders based on dynamic decoder selection criteria.
摘要翻译： 固态盘（SSD）控制器使用LDPC解码来实现具有改进的延迟和/或纠错能力的闪速存储器访问。 使用BER小于预定值的SLC闪速存储器，SSD控制器使用1位读（单读）硬判决LDPC解码器访问闪速存储器。 如果硬判决LDPC解码器检测到不可校正的错误，则SSD控制器使用1.5位读（两读）擦除判决LDPC解码器来访问闪速存储器。 对于具有两个其它预定值之间的原始BER的闪速存储器，SSD控制器省略硬判决LDPC解码器的使用，并且仅使用擦除判决LDPC解码器来访问闪速存储器。 SSD控制器的变化类似地访问MLC闪存。 一些SSD控制器基于动态解码器选择标准动态地在硬判决和基于擦除的解码器之间切换。
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公开(公告)号：US08719663B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-06
申请号：US13323769
申请日：2011-12-12
IPC分类号： G11C29/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/076 , G06F11/1072 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , H03M13/1102 , H03M13/2957
摘要： Cross-decoding assists decoding of an otherwise uncorrectable error when decoding a desired page of a multi-level-cell technology flash memory. A solid-state disk (SSD) controller adjusts space allocated to redundancy respectively within various pages (e.g. upper, middle, and lower pages) such that the respective pages have respective effective Bit Error Rates (BER)s, optionally including cross-decoding, that approach one another. Alternatively the controller adjusts the allocation to equalize decoding time (or alternatively access time), optionally including decoding time (accessing time) accrued as a result of cross-decoding when there is an otherwise uncorrectable error. The adjusting is via (a) respective ratios between allocation for ECC redundancy and user data space, and/or (b) respective coding rates and/or coding techniques for each of the various pages. Alternatively the controller adjusts the allocation to maximize total usable capacity by allocating to redundancy and data for the various pages, assuming that cross-decoding is to be used.
摘要翻译： 当对多级单元技术闪存的期望页进行解码时，交叉解码协助解码否则不可校正的错误。 固态盘（SSD）控制器分别在各种页面（例如，上，中，下页）中调整分配给冗余的空间，使得各页具有相应的有效误码率（BER），可选地包括交叉解码， 相互接近 或者，控制器调整分配以均衡解码时间（或者可选地，访问时间），可选地包括当存在否则不可校正的错误时由于交叉解码而产生的解码时间（访问时间）。 调整是通过（a）用于ECC冗余的分配和用户数据空间之间的相应比率，和/或（b）各种页面中的每一个的相应编码率和/或编码技术。 或者，控制器通过分配冗余和各种页面的数据来调整分配以最大化总可用容量，假设要使用交叉解码。
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公开(公告)号：US09329948B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-03
申请号：US13620982
申请日：2012-09-15
申请人： Yan Li , Alexander Hubris , Hao Zhong
发明人： Yan Li , Alexander Hubris , Hao Zhong
CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7211 , G11C16/3495 , G11C29/42 , G11C29/50 , G11C29/52
摘要： An NVM controller measures cell damage for wear leveling in an NVM, thus improving performance, reliability, lifetime, and/or cost of a storage sub-system, such as an SSD. In a first aspect, the controller determines that an error reading a page of NVM was caused by cell damage and/or cell leakage. The controller reprograms and immediately reads back the page, detecting that the error was caused by cell damage if an error is detected during the immediate read. In a second aspect, the cell damage is tracked by updating cell damage counters for pages and/or blocks of NVM. In a third aspect, wear leveling is performed based at least in part upon measured cell damage for pages and/or blocks of NVM.
摘要翻译： NVM控制器测量NVM中磨损均衡的单元损坏，从而提高存储子系统（如SSD）的性能，可靠性，寿命和/或成本。 在第一方面，控制器确定读取NVM的页面的错误是由于单元损坏和/或单元泄漏引起的。 控制器重新编程并立即读回页面，如果在立即读取期间检测到错误，则检测到错误是由单元损坏引起的。 在第二方面，通过更新针对NVM的页面和/或块的单元损坏计数器跟踪单元损坏。 在第三方面，至少部分地基于对NVM的页面和/或块的所测量的单元损坏来执行损耗均衡。
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公开(公告)号：USD965092S1
公开(公告)日：2022-09-27
申请号：US29802936
申请日：2021-08-09
申请人： Yan Li , Weijian Yuan
设计人： Yan Li , Weijian Yuan
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公开(公告)号：US09436885B2
公开(公告)日：2016-09-06
申请号：US13558969
申请日：2012-07-26
申请人： Yan Li , Hai Bo Lin , Tao Liu , Yu Dong Yang , Yi Xin Zhao
发明人： Yan Li , Hai Bo Lin , Tao Liu , Yu Dong Yang , Yi Xin Zhao
CPC分类号： G06K1/121 , G06K7/1439 , G06K9/26 , G06K9/3233 , H05K7/18
摘要： A system and method for accurately positioning a computer position, and identifying the specific rack position where the computer is without manual intervention. A camera is installed on the computer to read the contents of a tag on the rack, so as to identify the position information of the computer. Specifically, the computer is provided with a self-positioning function, wherein: a camera is installed on the computer, and the camera is configured to read the contents of a tag attached on a side of a rack to house the computer to identify the rack position where the computer is.
摘要翻译： 一种用于精确定位计算机位置的系统和方法，以及识别计算机没有手动干预的特定机架位置。 计算机上安装了相机以读取机架上标签的内容，以便识别计算机的位置信息。 具体地说，该计算机具有自定位功能，其中：相机安装在计算机上，并且相机被配置为读取安装在机架一侧的标签的内容以容纳计算机以识别机架 电脑的位置
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09213197B2
公开(公告)日：2015-12-15
申请号：US13703719
申请日：2012-07-13
申请人： Qiangtao Wang , Wenbing Li , Xinli Ma , Yan Li
发明人： Qiangtao Wang , Wenbing Li , Xinli Ma , Yan Li
IPC分类号： G02F1/1335 , G02B5/20
CPC分类号： G02F1/133514 , G02B5/201 , G02B2207/113 , G02F2201/52
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention provide a color filter substrate, a liquid crystal panel and a liquid crystal display. The color filter substrate comprises a plurality of elementary pixels. Each of the elementary pixels comprises sub-pixels in four colors. Among the sub-pixels in four colors, a sub-pixel in at least one of the colors has a number larger than or equal to 2.
摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例提供一种滤色器基板，液晶面板和液晶显示器。 滤色器基板包括多个基本像素。 每个基本像素包括四种颜色的子像素。 在四种颜色的子像素中，至少一种颜色的子像素的数目大于或等于2。
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公开(公告)号：US09196396B2
公开(公告)日：2015-11-24
申请号：US13980197
申请日：2011-10-08
申请人： Yan Li , Zhidong Jia , Yuming Zhao , Zhihai Xu , Xiaolin Li , Zhicheng Guan , Weiyan Liao , Xiaoxing Wei , Yu Tan , Yu Deng , Huafeng Su
发明人： Yan Li , Zhidong Jia , Yuming Zhao , Zhihai Xu , Xiaolin Li , Zhicheng Guan , Weiyan Liao , Xiaoxing Wei , Yu Tan , Yu Deng , Huafeng Su
摘要： An insulator is disclosed, which includes an insulating surface. A part of the insulating surface is applied with a conductive coating having a specific resistivity. A conductive coating region having the specific resistivity and a nonconductive coating region are configured that: in a dry environment, no continuous conductive channel exists between upper and lower fittings of the insulator. The value of the leakage current that can be caused by the conductive coating region having the specific resistivity on the insulating surface enables the insulating surface to reach an ice-proof temperature in an icing climate condition. Also, a power transmission apparatus in which the insulator is adopted is disclosed. In an icing climate condition, the conductive coating can achieve the function of increasing the value of the leakage current on the surface of the insulator, so as to prevent the ice formation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种绝缘体，其包括绝缘表面。 绝缘表面的一部分涂覆有具有电阻率的导电涂层。 具有电阻率和非导电涂层区域的导电涂层区域被构造成：在干燥环境中，在绝缘体的上部和下部配件之间不存在连续的导电通道。 由绝缘表面上具有电阻率的导电涂层区域引起的漏电流的值使得绝缘表面能够在结冰气候条件下达到防冰温度。 另外，公开了采用绝缘体的电力传输装置。 在结冰气候条件下，导电涂层可以实现增加绝缘子表面泄漏电流值的功能，从而防止冰层形成。
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