摘要:
Disclosed is a shell-and-tube reactor that may be used for fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation, the reactor being characterized by including at least one reaction zone of a first-step reaction zone for mainly producing unsaturated aldehydes and a second-step reaction zone for mainly producing unsaturated acids, wherein at least one reaction zone of the above reaction zones comprises two or more catalytic layers; each of the catalytic layers is packed with a formed product of catalyst that is different in pore density and/or pore size in a catalytically active component; and the pore density and/or pore size is controlled in such a manner that specific surface area of the catalytically active component increases from the inlet of the reactor to the outlet of the reactor. A method for producing unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated fatty acids from olefins using the same reactor is also disclosed. According to the present invention, it is possible to control the temperature efficiently at a hot spot, thereby permitting stable use of a catalyst, and to produce unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated fatty acids with high yield.
摘要:
Disclosed is a shell-and-tube reactor that may be used in a method for producing unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated acids from olefins by means of fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation. The reactor includes at least one reaction zone of a first-step reaction zone for producing unsaturated aldehydes as a main product and a second-step reaction zone for producing unsaturated acids as a main product, and at least one reaction zone of the reaction zones comprises two or more catalytic layers, each of the catalytic layers being packed with a formed product of catalyst as secondary particles, wherein the secondary particles in each catalytic layer are formed of primary particles of a catalytically active component having a different particle size, and the particle size of primary particles of the catalytically active component is controlled so that it decreases from an inlet of the reactor to an outlet of the reactor. A method for producing unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated fatty acids from olefins using the same reactor is also disclosed. According to the present invention, it is possible to control the temperature efficiently at a hot spot, thereby permitting a catalyst to be used stably, and to produce unsaturated aldehydes and/or unsaturated fatty acids with high yield.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for producing unsaturated aldehydes or unsaturated fatty acids from at least one compound selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, (meth)acrolein, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol, methyl-t-butyl ether and o-xylene by means of fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation in a shell-and-tube reactor, characterized in that the reactor includes a reaction zone for producing unsaturated aldehydes as a main product, the reaction zone having an inactive material layer inserted into a position where a hot spot is to be generated in a reaction tube. A fixed-bed shell-and-tube reactor for use in the above method is also disclosed. According to the present invention, at least one layer of inactive material is packed at the point of a hot spot to control the hot spot temperature efficiently, thereby increasing the lifetime of a catalyst and producing unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated fatty acids with high yield.
摘要:
Disclosed are a Mo—Bi—Nb—Te based composite metal oxide; and a process for producing (meth)acrylic acid from at least one reaction material selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol and methyl-t-butyl ether, wherein the Mo—Bi—Nb—Te based composite metal oxide is used as a catalyst. Also, disclosed is a process for producing (meth)acrylic acid comprising a first step of producing (meth)acrolein as a main product from at least one reaction material selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol and methyl-t-butyl ether, and a second step of producing (meth)acrylic acid from the (meth)acrolein, wherein yield of (meth)acrylic acid in the product of the first step is 20 mole % or higher.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for producing unsaturated fatty acids from unsaturated aldehydes by means of fixed-bed catalytic partial oxidation in a shell-and-tube reactor, characterized in that the reactor includes a reaction zone for producing unsaturated fatty acids, the reaction zone having an inactive material layer inserted into a position where a hot spot is to be generated in a reaction tube. A fixed-bed shell-and-tube reactor for use in the above method is also disclosed. According to the present invention, at least one layer of inactive material is packed at the point of a hot spot to control the hot spot temperature efficiently, thereby increasing the lifetime of a catalyst and producing unsaturated fatty acids with high yield.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst which is used in a process of producing acrolein and acrylic acid by the reaction of oxygen-containing gas and propylene. According to the present invention, a sublimable material, such as urea (NH2CONH2), melamine (C3H6N6), ammonium oxalate (C2H8N2O4), methyl oxalate (C4H6O4) or naphthalene (C10H8), is added as a catalyst additive in the preparation of the catalyst. Using the catalyst prepared by the present invention, acrolein and acrylic can be produced at high yield.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种制备催化剂的方法,该催化剂用于通过含氧气体和丙烯的反应生产丙烯醛和丙烯酸的方法。 根据本发明,可升华的材料,例如脲(NH 2 CONH 2 H 2),三聚氰胺(C 3 H 6) 草酸铵(C 2 H 2 N 2 N 2 O 4) 草酸甲酯(C 4 H 6 O 4 O 4)或萘(C 10 H 2 O) 作为催化剂添加剂加入催化剂的制备中。 使用本发明制备的催化剂可以高产率生产丙烯醛和丙烯酸。
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for producing a catalyst comprising an inert carrier an a mixed metal oxide as a catalytically active component supported on the inert carrier, the method comprising the steps of: a) adding organic acid(s) into solvent(s) and salt of each metal component which will form a mixed metal oxide, to prepare a catalyst precursor solution for the mixed metal oxide; b) adjusting pH of the catalyst precursor solution using a basic solution; c) containing the catalyst precursor solution for the mixed metal oxide, of which the pH is adjusted, on the inert carrier, d) removing the solvent(s); and e) calcining the resultant from step d. The catalyst produced by the present method has improved reproducibility, activity and yield, while maintaining a high selectivity.
摘要:
A visible wavelength range proximity sensor includes a visible light emitter with a peak wavelength in a visible wavelength range, and a plasmonic ambient light sensor, where a proximity sensing mode and an ambient light sensing mode are time multiplexed.
摘要:
A stretcher comprises a patient support area supported by front legs and rear legs. The front legs and rear legs are coupled by a gear mechanism, and an actuation device coupled to the gear mechanism effects retraction or extension of the stretcher in a smooth and continuous motion. The actuation device is operable to lock the gear mechanism to position the stretcher at any desired height between fully extended and fully retracted.
摘要:
An apparatus to control displacement of a body spaced-apart from a surface includes a flexure system having a first flexure member defining a first axis of rotation and a second flexure member defining a second axis of rotation. A body is coupled to the flexure system to move about a plurality of axes. An actuation system is coupled to the flexure system to selectively constrain movement of the body along a subset of the plurality of axes.