摘要:
An in-cylinder injection type spark-ignition internal combustion engine and a control method thereof realize a stabilized stratified-charge combustion by setting a large lift amount to an intake valve when the engine is cold-started and by executing a compression stroke injection. At this time, warming-up capability of a catalyst is improved by delaying an ignition timing.
摘要:
A catalyst deterioration determination system for determining deterioration of an exhaust gas purification catalyst having a capability of storing oxygen determines deterioration of the exhaust gas purification catalyst on the basis of its oxygen storage capacity. The system includes an oxygen concentration sensor provided downstream of the catalyst and having characteristics by which as rich gas components in exhaust gas increase, the oxygen concentration sensor outputs a measurement value of the oxygen concentration corresponding to a richer air-fuel ratio. When determining deterioration, the system performs a rich shift mode in which the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio is shifted from a lean air-fuel ratio to a rich air-fuel ratio and a lean shift mode in which the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio is shifted from a rich air-fuel ratio to a lean air-fuel ratio by exhaust gas air-fuel ratio control means, based on the measurement value of the oxygen concentration sensor. The rate of change of the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio in at least the lean shift mode among the rich shift mode and the lean shift mode is limited to a predetermined rate of change or lower, and the rate of change of the exhaust gas air-fuel ratio in the rich shift mode is set higher than the rate of change of the exhaust gas air furl ratio in the lean shift mode.
摘要:
A catalyst deterioration diagnosing apparatus is provided with means for performing stoichiometric feedback control on the air-fuel ratio based on at least output from an upstream air-fuel ratio sensor provided upstream of a catalyst, means for measuring the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst, and means for correcting the measured value of the oxygen storage capacity based on at least the output behavior of a downstream air-fuel ratio sensor provided downstream of the catalyst during the stoichiometric feedback control. The measured value of the oxygen storage capacity is corrected using the output behavior of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor during stoichiometric feedback control. The diagnostic is performed after eliminating the effects from sulfur by correcting the measured value to a value corresponding to when low sulfur fuel is used, which makes it possible to prevent an erroneous diagnosis from being made.
摘要:
An inter-cylinder air-fuel ratio variation abnormality detection apparatus for a multicylinder internal combustion engine according to the present invention detects variation abnormality based on a rotational fluctuation of the internal combustion engine. Number-of-rotations feedback control is preformed to make the number of rotations of the internal combustion engine equal to a predetermined target number of rotations. The amount of power generated by a power generation device driven by the internal combustion engine is controlled so as to bring the load on the internal combustion engine into a target range when the abnormality detection is carried out.
摘要:
The concentration of a portion of components in the hydrocarbon in exhaust gas flowing into a catalyst is detected or estimated, and the concentration of the portion of components in the hydrocarbon in the exhaust gas flowing out of the catalyst is detected. On the basis of the concentrations of the portion of components in the hydrocarbon flowing into the catalyst and the concentration of the portion of components in the hydrocarbon flowing out of the catalyst, it is determined whether or not the catalyst has been deteriorated.
摘要:
The oxygen storage capacity preceding a previous oxygen storage capacity and the previous oxygen storage capacity of each of an upstream catalyst and a downstream catalyst are measured, and a present oxygen storage capacity of the downstream catalyst is measured. Then, sulfur poisoning of the upstream catalyst and the downstream catalyst is detected on the basis of an oxygen storage capacity change amount of each of the upstream catalyst and the downstream catalyst from the oxygen storage capacity preceding the previous one to the previous oxygen storage capacity, and the oxygen storage capacity change amount of the downstream catalyst from the previous oxygen storage capacity to the present oxygen storage capacity. The presence/absence of the sulfur poisoning can be accurately detected by utilizing the difference between the manners of sulfur poisoning of the two catalysts.
摘要:
The present invention concerns a polarizer for visible light, comprising a polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizing element wherein not less than 60% of dichromophore is iodine, and a protective film. The said polarizing element has at least three absorption bands in an ultraviolet region of 210 nm to 400 nm and also has a UA value of not smaller than 4.0 which value represents ultraviolet absorption characteristics. Consequently, the polarizer of the invention possesses both superior polarization characteristics and high heat and humidity resistance. The polarizer of the invention having these characteristics is used for liquid crystal display and is suitable particularly for such uses as display in watches and electronic calculators, terminal dispaly in personal computers and word processor, picture display in portable television sets, and display in automobiles and aircraft.
摘要:
Active air-fuel ratio control is performed to alternately control an air-fuel ratio in an area located upstream of a catalyst between a lean side and a rich side. Switching is carried out between lean control and rich control at the same time when an output from a post-catalyst sensor reaches a threshold. Whether the catalyst is normal or abnormal is determined based on the rate of a change in the output from the post-catalyst sensor between a first point of time when a pre-catalyst air-fuel ratio reaches stoichiometry after the output from the post-catalyst sensor reaches the threshold and a second point of time when the output from the post-catalyst sensor reaches the threshold next time.
摘要:
A catalyst deterioration diagnosing apparatus is provided with means for performing stoichiometric feedback control on the air-fuel ratio based on at least output from an upstream air-fuel ratio sensor provided upstream of a catalyst, means for measuring the oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst, and means for correcting the measured value of the oxygen storage capacity based on at least the output behavior of a downstream air-fuel ratio sensor provided downstream of the catalyst during the stoichiometric feedback control. The measured value of the oxygen storage capacity is corrected using the output behavior of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor during stoichiometric feedback control. The diagnostic is performed after eliminating the effects from sulfur by correcting the measured value to a value corresponding to when low sulfur fuel is used, which makes it possible to prevent an erroneous diagnosis from being made.
摘要:
Active air-fuel ratio control is performed to alternately control an air-fuel ratio in an area located upstream of a catalyst between a lean side and a rich side. The amount of oxygen absorbed and released by the catalyst during lean control and rich control of the air-fuel ratio is measured. When an output from the post-catalyst sensor reaches a predetermined threshold, switching is carried out between the lean control and the rich control, and the measurement of the amount of oxygen is ended. The threshold is set to be reached before the output from the post-catalyst sensor reaches a predetermined reference value. Whether the catalyst is normal or abnormal is determined based on the amount of oxygen measured until the output from the post-catalyst sensor reaches the threshold and behavior of the output from the post-catalyst sensor observed after the output from the post-catalyst sensor reaches the threshold.