公开(公告)号：US11510360B2

公开(公告)日：2022-11-29

申请号：US16646328

申请日：2018-09-10

申请人： Oakland University

发明人： Jonathan Maisonneuve

IPC分类号： A01C23/04 ,  A01C21/00

摘要： A fertilizer gradient energy system includes a membrane module. A membrane module may include a first section and a second section. The first and second sections may be separated by a semipermeable membrane. A load may be connected to the membrane module. The first section may be configured to receive a concentrated fertilizer solution. The second section may be configured to receive a freshwater feed solution. In embodiments, a semipermeable membrane may be configured to facilitate pressure retarded osmosis of the freshwater feed solution from the first section to the second section to increase a fluid pressure in the second section. The semipermeable membrane may include an anion exchange membrane. The membrane module may include a third section. A cation exchange membrane may separate the first and third section. Anion and cation exchange membranes may facilitate reverse electrodialysis. Methods of capturing energy via a membrane module are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US10287616B2

公开(公告)日：2019-05-14

申请号：US14985988

申请日：2015-12-31

申请人： Oakland University

发明人： Xiangqun Zeng

IPC分类号： G01N33/48 ,  C12Q1/18 ,  G01N27/416

摘要： Real-time and end point determination of antibiotic effects are disclosed herein. In one example, a surface of a label free biosensor is exposed to a sample including a gram-negative bacteria. A frequency and/or a current of the biosensor is then allowed to reach a constant value. The surface of the biosensor is then exposed to an antibiotic. Using the biosensor, i) a frequency change versus time and a damping resistance versus time, or ii) a current versus voltage or the current versus time at a fixed potential, or iii) both i and ii are then measured. The frequency change versus time and the damping resistance versus time and/or the current versus voltage or the current versus time are correlated to determine an effect of the antibiotic on the gram-negative bacteria. Examples of the label free biosensors and methods for detecting gram-negative bacteria using the label free biosensors are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US10197552B2

公开(公告)日：2019-02-05

申请号：US14981076

申请日：2015-12-28

申请人： Oakland University

发明人： Xiangqun Zeng ,  Gerard Madlambayan ,  Liang Tan ,  Bahareh Pezeshkian ,  Abdul Rehman

IPC分类号： G01N29/02 ,  G01N33/483 ,  G01N29/42 ,  G01N29/036 ,  G01N29/44

摘要： In a method for monitoring cell-to-cell interactions, a quartz crystal microbalance surface is exposed to a medium including a first cell. The first cell is exposed to a sample including a suspect cell. The first cell is activated prior to or simultaneously with the first cell exposure. Frequency and motional resistance changes versus time are measured after each of: surface exposure to the medium, first cell activation prior to the exposure to the sample, and first cell exposure to the sample; or after each of: surface exposure to the medium and simultaneous first cell activation and sample exposure. From the frequency and motional resistance changes versus time, any of i) a level of adhesion of the suspect cell to the activated first cell, ii) a type of the suspect cell, iii) a behavior or activity of the suspect cell is determined, or iv) activation of the first cell is determined.

公开(公告)号：US20120067709A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-22

申请号：US13375406

申请日：2010-06-07

申请人： James Melvin Slicker ,  Hongwei Qu

发明人： James Melvin Slicker ,  Hongwei Qu

IPC分类号： H01H9/20

CPC分类号： H01H1/0036 ,  G02B26/0866 ,  H01H1/50 ,  H01H2001/0047 ,  H01H2001/0078 ,  H01H2061/006

摘要： A MEMS switch includes a latch mechanism, first and second electrical conductors, a first latch actuator, a second latch actuator, and an axial actuator. The latch mechanism may include a transfer rod and a contact member, the contact member extending radially outwardly from a position along the axial length of the transfer rod. The first and second electrical conductors may extend along, and may be radially offset from, a portion of the transfer rod. The first latch actuator may include a first latch pin, and the second latch actuator may include a second latch pin, the first and second latch actuators being configured to move toward and away from the transfer rod, and the first and second latch pins configured to engage the contact member. The at least one axial actuator may be configured to move the contact member towards and away from the first and second electrical conductors.

摘要翻译： MEMS开关包括闩锁机构，第一和第二电导体，第一闩锁致动器，第二闩锁致动器和轴向致动器。 闩锁机构可以包括传送杆和接触构件，接触构件从沿着传递杆的轴向长度的位置径向向外延伸。 第一和第二电导体可以沿着传输杆的一部分延伸并且可以沿径向偏移。 第一闩锁致动器可以包括第一闩锁销，并且第二闩锁致动器可以包括第二闩锁销，第一和第二闩锁致动器被配置成朝向和远离传递杆移动，并且第一和第二闩锁销被配置成 接触联系人。 至少一个轴向致动器可以被配置成使接触构件朝向和远离第一和第二电导体移动。

公开(公告)号：US20110140216A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-16

申请号：US12928542

申请日：2010-12-14

申请人： Hongwei Qu

发明人： Hongwei Qu

IPC分类号： H01L29/84 ,  H01L21/764

CPC分类号： H01L21/76229 ,  B81B2201/0235 ,  B81B2203/0136 ,  B81B2207/015 ,  B81C1/00952 ,  B81C2203/0714

摘要： The present disclosure relates to a method of fabricating a micromachined CMOS-MEMS integrated device as well as the devices/apparatus resulting from the method. In the disclosed method, the anisotropic etching (e.g., DRIE) for isolation trench formation on a MEMS element is performed on the back side of a silicon wafer, thereby avoiding the trench sidewall contamination and the screen effect of the isolation beams in a plasma etching process. In an embodiment, a layered wafer including a substrate and a composite thin film thereon is subjected to at least one (optionally at least two) back side anisotropic etching step to form an isolation trench (and optionally a substrate membrane). The method overcomes drawbacks of other microfabrication processes, including isolation trench sidewall contamination.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及一种制造微机械加工的CMOS-MEMS集成装置的方法以及由该方法产生的装置/装置。 在所公开的方法中，在硅晶片的背面进行用于在MEMS元件上形成隔离沟槽的各向异性蚀刻（例如，DRIE），从而避免沟槽侧壁污染和隔离光束在等离子体蚀刻中的屏蔽效应 处理。 在一个实施例中，包括其上的基板和复合薄膜的分层晶片经受至少一个（可选的至少两个）背面各向异性蚀刻步骤以形成隔离沟槽（以及任选的基底膜）。 该方法克服了其他微细加工过程的缺点，包括隔离沟侧壁污染。

公开(公告)号：US07226666B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-05

申请号：US10354863

申请日：2003-01-30

申请人： Gopalan Srinivasan

发明人： Gopalan Srinivasan

IPC分类号： B22F7/02 ,  B32B15/04

CPC分类号： H01L41/20 ,  H01L41/16 ,  H01L41/47 ,  Y10T428/12028 ,  Y10T428/32 ,  Y10T428/325

摘要： An improved magnetoelectric composite which incorporates LaSrMn or LaCaMn oxides as a magnetostrictive composition are described. The magnetostrictive composition preferably has the formula La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 or La0.7Ca0.3MnO3. The composites preferably have a magnetostrictive layer joined to a piezoelectric layer. The composites are useful for sensors, read-heads, storage media and high frequency transducer devices.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种包含LaSrMn或LaCaMn氧化物作为磁致伸缩组合物的改进的电磁复合材料。 磁致伸缩组合物优选具有式La 0.7 O 0.3 MnO 3或La 0.7 Ca 0.3， / Mn 3 O 3。 复合材料优选具有连接到压电层的磁致伸缩层。 复合材料可用于传感器，读取头，存储介质和高频换能器件。

公开(公告)号：US07113079B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-26

申请号：US10958028

申请日：2004-10-04

申请人： Gautam B. Singh ,  Haiping Song

发明人： Gautam B. Singh ,  Haiping Song

IPC分类号： B60Q1/00 ,  B60K28/10

CPC分类号： B60R21/01332 ,  B60R21/0132 ,  B60R21/01338

摘要： A system and method detects a crash of a motor vehicle. A parameter of the motor vehicle is sensed and a continuous signal is responsively generated. A crash is detected as a function of the continuous signal and a hidden Markov model operating in a continuous mode.

摘要翻译： 一种系统和方法来检测机动车辆的碰撞。 感测到机动车辆的参数，并响应地产生连续的信号。 根据连续信号和连续模式运行的隐马尔可夫模型，检测到碰撞。

公开(公告)号：US20230345883A1

公开(公告)日：2023-11-02

申请号：US18039049

申请日：2021-12-03

申请人： Oakland University

发明人： Jonathan Maisonneuve

IPC分类号： A01G9/24 ,  C05B7/00

CPC分类号： A01G9/246 ,  C05B7/00

摘要： A fertilizer desiccant system including a container for holding a fertilizer-based liquid desiccant, a pump or other supply providing means, a fluid conduit, and air mover. In embodiments, the fertilizer-based liquid desiccant comprises a concentrated fertilizer solution and/or a vapor pressure gradient between the liquid and indoor ambient air drives vapor transport towards the liquid desiccant.

公开(公告)号：US09150971B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-06

申请号：US13597071

申请日：2012-08-28

申请人： Xiangqun Zeng ,  Zhe Wang

发明人： Xiangqun Zeng ,  Zhe Wang

IPC分类号： C07C27/10 ,  C07C29/10 ,  C07C35/00 ,  C07C29/00 ,  C07C31/00 ,  C07C31/02 ,  C07C33/00 ,  C07C27/00 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B3/00 ,  C25B9/08

CPC分类号： C25B3/02 ,  C25B3/00 ,  C25B9/08

摘要： An aerobic method for oxidizing an alkane is disclosed herein. At least a portion of a surface of a platinum working electrode is activated at an interface between the platinum working electrode and an ionic liquid electrolyte (i.e., 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-propyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-pentyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-hexyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-heptyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-octyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-nonyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-decyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imidem, and combinations thereof). An interface complex is formed at the interface. An alkane gas is supplied to the interface. The alkane adsorbs at or near the interface complex. The alkane gas in the presence of oxygen is supplied to the interface. While the alkane gas in the presence of oxygen is supplied to the interface, a positive electrode potential is applied to the platinum working electrode, which causes a reactive oxygen species formed at the interface to catalyze oxidation of the adsorbed alkane to form a reaction product.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于氧化烷烃的好氧方法。 铂工作电极的至少一部分表面在铂工作电极和离子液体电解质（即，1-乙基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，1-丙基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓 （三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，1-戊基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，1-己基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，1-庚基-1 （三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，1-辛基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺，1-壬基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓双（三氟甲基磺酰基）酰亚胺和1-癸基-1-甲基吡咯烷鎓双（三氟甲磺酰基）亚胺，以及组合 ）。 在接口上形成接口复合体。 烷烃气体被供应到界面。 烷烃在界面络合物处或附近吸附。 在存在氧气的情况下将烷烃气体供应给界面。 当在存在氧气的情况下将烷烃气体供应到界面时，将正极电位施加到铂工作电极，这导致在界面处形成的活性氧物质催化吸附的烷烃的氧化以形成反应产物。

公开(公告)号：US20140178120A1

公开(公告)日：2014-06-26

申请号：US13828965

申请日：2013-03-14

申请人： OAKLAND UNIVERSITY

发明人： Michael A. LATCHA ,  Sayed A. NASSAR ,  Mehmet H. URAS

IPC分类号： F16B19/00

CPC分类号： F16B19/00 ,  F41H7/042 ,  F41H7/046 ,  F42B3/006 ,  Y10T403/1633

摘要： A de-coupling mechanism includes a link slidably received in a link aperture of a bracket. A pin is slidably received in a pin bore of the link and a receiving bore of the bracket. A first block is connected to the bracket and includes an initiator receiving passage in communication with the pin bore. An initiator is positioned in the initiator receiving passage and retained against a connecting passage edge and oppositely contacts an end face of a cap connected to the first block. A second block connected to the bracket includes a longitudinal channel having a channel diameter larger than a pin diameter so the pin is freely displaceable into the longitudinal channel. An end face of a retaining cap is connected to a second block end wall. The retaining cap includes a stepped portion having a step diameter smaller than the channel diameter and the pin diameter.

摘要翻译： 解耦机构包括可滑动地容纳在支架的连杆孔中的连杆。 销可滑动地容纳在连杆的销孔和支架的接收孔中。 第一块连接到支架并且包括与销孔连通的起动器接收通道。 起动器定位在起动器接收通道中并且保持抵靠连接通道边缘并且相对地接触连接到第一块的盖的端面。 连接到支架的第二块包括具有大于销直径的通道直径的纵向通道，使得销可自由地移动到纵向通道中。 保持帽的端面连接到第二块端壁。 保持盖包括具有小于通道直径和销直径的台阶直径的阶梯部分。