摘要:
A hollow container is formed with a thin-walled, plastic body; and a discrete plastic handle is attached by ultrasonic energy to the plastic body. The handle has a pair of spaced bosses at each end of the handle with a central opening therein to receive an ultrasonic horn. A plurality of integral, energy-directing protrusions are spaced from one another on the bosses to be melted and mixed with the plastic of the container. The energy directors melt first and mix with the plastic of thin-walled bottle to provide a secure attachment. The preferred container and preferred handle are each made of PET plastic.
摘要:
Circuitry is provided for applying a pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme to a brushless DC motor that operates as a robot axis drive. A pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme provides for digital implementation of robot control commands. For this purpose, it provides time stabilized current sampling synchronized to the sampling frequency of the position and velocity loops in the robot control. The brushless drive application circuitry provides for application of the PWM control outputs to commutate the motor energization from winding pair to winding pair.
摘要:
The invention is a wire harness fabrication apparatus for use in the manual fabrication of wire harnesses and as a wire receiving member for use in combination with an automated factory cell. The apparatus is a rotatable cylindrical member with a continuous surface upon which the wire is disposed. The wire is secured to the continuous surface by clamps and the various branches of the harness are defined by further clamps and routing pins. The various lengths of wire are secured to the surface as the cylindrical member rotates about a generally horizontal axis. Upon completion of the fabrication of the wire harness, the cylindrical member is rotated in the opposite direction to remove the wire harness.
摘要:
A weld gun mounted on the end of the manipulator arm of a programmable manipulator is repositioned with respect to the initially taught path in accordance with variations in the dimensions of successive workpieces on which a series of spot welds are to be made.A sensing means carried by the weld gun is employed to measure the position of the welding tips relative to the edge of the flanges which are to be welded. The output of this sensing means is employed to reposition the weld gun prior to the next weld. Repositioning may be accomplished by moving the weld gun bodily with respect to the end of the manipulator arm while the manipulator arm remains stationary at the taught position, or by modifying the command signal for the appropriate axis so that the manipulator arm is itself moved to a different position than the initially taught position.
摘要:
The invention discloses a digital position instruction signal modification device for use with a memory controlled manipulator apparatus of the type in which, during a teaching operation, a desired position of manipulator arm means is stored in memory means, and the stored position is read out during repetitive work cycles to cause the manipulator apparatus to reproduce a series of motions taught during the teaching operation. The digital position instruction or command read out from the memory means may be modified by a modifying value entered by a modifying value setting device so that all or desired digital position command or instruction signals stored in the memory means may be modified without repeating the teaching operation.
摘要:
A programmable automatic assembly system is provided which may be employed to assemble small parts. Each assembly station includes cooperating manipulator arms which are programmable to assemble parts on a centrally located work table. Improved facilities are provided for teaching the manipulator arms at each station, these facilities including a computer which assista the teaching operator in setting up the programs required for assembly of small parts to close tolerances. Each manipulator arm includes closed loop teach facilities for maintaining the arm at a previously located position during the teaching mode of operation. The computer is employed as a teach assist facility in performing a number of tasks during the teaching operation which are extremely difficult for the operator to perform manually. All of the assembly stations may be controlled during playback from a common disc storage facility so that the control circuitry and memory storage facilities at each manipulator are minimized.
摘要:
A programmable manipulator apparatus having an arm movable in a plurality of axes employs a feedback signal representing the dynamic behavior of the end of the manipulator arm for use in stabilizing a positional servo loop especially where the position sensing is performed at a location on the manipulator apparatus which is physically closer to the drive apparatus than the end of the arm. The manipulator apparatus includes encoders for developing position signals representing the position of the manipulator in each of the axes which are stored in a memory. The stored digital signals are utilized as command signals and are compared with the encoder signals to develop an error signal utilized to control movement of the manipulator apparatus. The dynamic feedback signal is selectively combined with the positional error signal in a predetermined manner to stabilize the control and operation of the manipulator arm by providing a high negative dynamic feedback signal during deceleration and a low signal during the acceleration phase thereby avoiding conflict between the positional error signal and the dynamic feedback signals.
摘要:
A programmed manipulator apparatus employs a continuously rotating memory drum in which may be stored signals representing a number of steps in a desired sequence of operations. A portable teach control assembly is employed during the teaching operation to establish a desired position of the manipulator arm which is then recorded on the memory drum. During repetitive work cycles, the recorded signals are used as command signals and are compared with encoder signals representing absolute position to move the manipulator arm to each set of positions in sequence. The manipulator arm may be moved over curved paths by employing artificial coincidence signals which are developed while large error signals still exist in the controlled axes. A common comparator and digital-to-analog converter is employed for all of the controlled axes which provides coincidence signals representing different magnitudes of error.
摘要:
A programmed manipulator apparatus is provided with partial program repetition teaching facilities so that a predetermined portion of the total program may be repeated a selectable number of times after which the total program is performed. The point at which the partial program is to be repeated is employed to develop an artificial end-of-program signal which is employed to restart the total program. Counter means are provided for disabling the artificial end-of-program signal after a number of repetitions of the partial program. The manipulator apparatus is also arranged to cooperate with an externally produced artificial end-of-program signal which may be responsive to the presence or absence of a part carried by the manipulator arm, a characteristic such as the temperature of the part carried by the arm, or the like, and is employed to restart the total program if an undesired characteristic is sensed.