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    Synthesis gas production and power generation with zero emissions
    1.
    发明申请
    Synthesis gas production and power generation with zero emissions 审中-公开
    合成气生产和零排放的发电

    公开(公告)号：US20020048545A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-04-25

    申请号：US09983647

    申请日：2001-10-25

    Inventor： Arlin C. Lewis

    IPC: C01B003/02 ,  F28D021/00 ,  F27B017/00 ,  B01J008/00

    CPC classification number: C10J1/207 ,  C10J2200/12 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1678

    Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing and burning synthesis gas. Carbonaceous waste material is pyrolytically decomposed in a primary reactor in the presence of steam to produce raw product gas containing H2 and CO. The raw product gas and CO2 is then introduced into a coke containing secondary reactor under pyrolyzing conditions, so that the CO2 and coke react to produce combustible gas having an increased CO content. The combustible gas is mixed with oxygen and CO2 to produce a combustible mixture which is burned as a fuel to produce heat, CO2 and H2O. A portion of the produced CO2 is recovered and used as the source of CO2 gas in the combustible mixture and as a source of CO2 gas for the secondary reactor. Preferably filters and scrubbers are used in a closed loop system to avoid undesirable emissions into the environment.

    Abstract translation: 用于生产和燃烧合成气的方法和设备。 碳质废料在蒸汽存在下在初级反应器中热分解，生成含有H 2和CO的原始产物气体，然后将粗产物气体和二氧化碳在热解条件下引入含焦炭的二级反应器中，使CO 2和焦炭 反应产生具有增加的CO含量的可燃气体。 可燃气体与氧气和二氧化碳混合，产生燃烧的燃料，作为燃料产生热量，二氧化碳和水。 所产生的CO 2的一部分被回收并用作可燃混合物中的CO 2气体源，并用作二次反应器的CO 2气体源。 优选地，过滤器和洗涤器用于闭环系统以避免不期望的排放到环境中。

    Process for the gasification of carbonaceous materials
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for the gasification of carbonaceous materials 失效
    碳质材料气化工艺

    公开(公告)号：US4322222A

    公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

    申请号：US183777

    申请日：1980-09-03

    Applicant: Allan Sass

    Inventor： Allan Sass

    IPC: C10J1/207 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/62

    CPC classification number: C10J1/207 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1662 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892 ,  Y02E50/32

    Abstract: Carbonaceous material is gasified in a first pyrolysis zone substantially in an absence of free oxygen by heating with a solid heating media. The carbonaceous material is conducted through the first pyrolysis zone in turbulent flow to provide for the rapid transfer of heat to effect the gasification.Gaseous products are recovered while char products are introduced into a second pyrolysis zone for additional gasification. The second pyrolysis zone is maintained substantially free of free oxygen. Gasification in the second pyrolysis zone is effected by the transfer of heat from a heating media to the char products produced in the first pyrolysis zone.Gaseous products from the second pyrolysis zone are recovered.The char products from the second pyrolysis zone can be heated to a temperature sufficient for use as a solid heating media.The gaseous product from the first pyrolysis zone, after separation from the char product, can be cooled to a lower temperature to condense a liquid product therefrom.Liquid products produced can be recycled to the pyrolysis zones to produce additional gaseous products. The gaseous product from the second pyrolysis zone can be used as a conveying gas for the carbonaceous feed, char products, and recycle char.A portion of the char product and the gaseous product can be converted to methane for the production of pipeline gas.

    Abstract translation: 通过用固体加热介质加热，碳质材料在基本上不存在游离氧的第一热解区中气化。 碳质材料通过湍流中的第一热解区进行，以提供快速转移热量以实现气化。 气态产物被回收，而焦炭产物被引入第二个热解区以进行另外的气化。 第二热解区基本上不含游离氧。 第二热解区中的气化通过将热量从加热介质转移到在第一热解区中产生的炭产物来实现。 回收来自第二热解区的气态产物。 可以将来自第二热解区的炭产物加热到足以用作固体加热介质的温度。 来自第一热解区的气态产物在与焦炭产物分离后可被冷却到较低温度以冷凝液体产物。 所生产的液体产品可以再循环到热解区产生额外的气态产物。 来自第二热解区的气态产物可用作碳质进料，炭产物和再循环炭的输送气体。 焦炭产物和气体产物的一部分可以转化成甲烷，用于生产管道气体。

    Pyrolysis apparatus
    3.
    发明授权
    Pyrolysis apparatus 失效
    热解设备

    公开(公告)号：US4225392A

    公开(公告)日：1980-09-30

    申请号：US939204

    申请日：1978-09-05

    Applicant: Leland T. Taylor

    Inventor： Leland T. Taylor

    IPC: C10B1/04 ,  C10B49/08 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J1/207 ,  C10B9/00 ,  C10J3/20

    CPC classification number: C10J1/207 ,  C10B1/04 ,  C10B49/08 ,  C10B53/00

    Abstract: A conical reaction region in a pyrolysis device has an adjustable height, adjustable speed agitator in the vicinity of the grate and a second agitator stirring the incoming material. A feed auger stops short of the reaction chamber to produce a sealing region in which the incoming feed material effectively produces a gas tight seal preventing the exit of reaction products. A gas outlet flow rate sensor controls the air inflow rate and/or lower agitator speed. Temperature and other sensors may be used to further optimize the process.

    Abstract translation: 热解装置中的锥形反应区域在炉排附近具有可调节的高度，可调节的速度搅拌器，以及搅拌进料的第二搅拌器。 进料螺旋钻停止反应室的短路以产生密封区域，在该密封区域中，进料进料有效地产生防止反应产物排出的气密密封。 气体出口流量传感器控制空气流入速率和/或较低的搅拌器速度。 温度和其他传感器可用于进一步优化过程。

    Steam gasification of coke
    4.
    发明授权
    Steam gasification of coke 失效
    焦炭的蒸汽气化

    公开(公告)号：US3803023A

    公开(公告)日：1974-04-09

    申请号：US26405672

    申请日：1972-04-19

    Applicant: EXXON RESEARCH ENGINEERING CO

    Inventor： HAMNER G

    IPC: C10B55/10 ,  C10J1/207 ,  C10G9/32

    CPC classification number: C10J1/207 ,  C10B55/10

    Abstract: A heavy carbonaceous material having a Conradson carbon residue of at least 5 wt. % is coked in the presence of an alkali metal compound to produce an active surface carbon containing the alkali metal compound. The coke is then partially gasified to produce a hydrogen-containing gas and the remaining coke is recycled to the coking zone as seed coke therein.

    Pyrolysis process for converting refuse to fuel gas
    8.
    发明授权
    Pyrolysis process for converting refuse to fuel gas 失效
    将垃圾转化为燃气的热解过程

    公开(公告)号：US4017273A

    公开(公告)日：1977-04-12

    申请号：US690187

    申请日：1976-05-26

    Applicant: John Erling Anderson

    Inventor： John Erling Anderson

    IPC: B09B3/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J1/207 ,  C10J3/00 ,  F27B15/00

    CPC classification number: C10J1/207 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y10S241/38

    Abstract: This invention relates to improving the known process for disposing of refuse while simultaneously producing a useful gaseous product and an inert solid residue in a shaft furnace in which refuse is fed into the top portion of said furnace, an oxygen containing gas is fed into the base, and in which the organic portion of the refuse is pyrolized to char, oils and gas containing a high concentration of CO and H.sub.2, and the inorganic portion of the refuse is fluidized and tapped from the base of the furnace.The improvement in the above-described process comprises removing a portion of the char from the furnace while retaining a sufficient amount of combustible materials in the furnace to satisfy the energy requirements of the process. The improvement permits a reduction in the oxygen requirements of the process and has a beneficial effect on the specific heating value of the fuel gas produced.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及改进已知的垃圾处理方法，同时在竖炉中产生有用的气体产物和惰性固体残余物，其中垃圾被供给到所述炉的顶部，含氧气体被供给到基体 ，其中将垃圾的有机部分热解成炭，含有高浓度CO和H 2的油和气体，并且将垃圾的无机部分从炉的底部流化并抽吸。

    Microwave pyrolysis of wastes
    9.
    发明授权
    Microwave pyrolysis of wastes 失效
    微波炉的微波热解

    公开(公告)号：US3843457A

    公开(公告)日：1974-10-22

    申请号：US18922871

    申请日：1971-10-14

    Applicant: OCCIDENTAL PETROLEUM CORP

    Inventor： GRANNEN E ,  ROBINSON L

    IPC: B09B3/00 ,  C10B19/00 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J1/207 ,  C10L5/46 ,  C10B49/00

    CPC classification number: C10L9/083 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C10B19/00 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J1/207 ,  C10L5/46 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/15 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: 1. A PROCESS FOR RECOVERING VAPORIZABLE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM SOLID WASTE CONTAINING ORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH COMPRISES THE FOLLOWING STEPS:

    PASSING A GASEOUS STREAM THROUGH A MICROWAVE DISCHARGE ZONE; TJE PRESSURE OF THE GASEOUS STREAM IN SAID ZONE BEING FROM ABOUT 0.1 MM. OF MERCURY TO BELOW ABOUT ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; THE TEMPERATURE OF SAID ZONE BEING BETWEEN ABOUT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND LESS THAN ABOUT 200*C., PASSING COMMINUTED SOLID WASTE CONTAINING ORGANIC MATERIALS THROHG SAID ZONE; AND SUBJECTING THE GASEOUS STREAM AND THE COMMINUTED WASTES IN SAID ZONE TO MICROWAVE DISCHARGE TO IONZE THE GASES IN THE STREAM AND FORM VAPORIZABLE HIGH REACTIVE FRAGMENTS OF THE ORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH BECOME ENTRAINED IN THE FLOWING GASEOUS STREAM, WHEREIN INTERACTIONS OCCUR BETWEEN THE IONIZED GASES AND REACTIVE FRAGMENTS.

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