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    Method and apparatus for determining insulation thickness
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for determining insulation thickness 有权
    确定绝缘厚度的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07370538B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-05-13

    申请号：US11177544

    申请日：2005-07-08

    Applicant: Michael D. Suda ,  Jeffrey R. Sacks

    Inventor： Michael D. Suda ,  Jeffrey R. Sacks

    IPC: G01N3/08

    CPC classification number: G01N3/08 ,  G01N2203/0019 ,  G01N2203/0085 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/0641

    Abstract: A method for determining the thickness of a layer of insulation comprises the steps of: contacting a top surface of a portion of the layer of insulation, compressing the portion of the layer of insulation until a predetermined compressive load is achieved, measuring a distance through which the top surface is moved during the compressing step, and determining the thickness of the layer of insulation based on the measured distance. Apparatus is provided for performing the method.

    Abstract translation: 用于确定绝缘层厚度的方法包括以下步骤：使绝缘层的一部分的顶表面接触，压缩绝缘层的一部分直到实现预定的压缩载荷，测量距离 在压缩步骤期间顶表面移动，并且基于测量的距离确定绝缘层的厚度。 提供了用于执行该方法的装置。

    Apparatus and method for testing stiffness of articles
    2.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for testing stiffness of articles 有权
    用于测试物品刚度的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US07194916B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-03-27

    申请号：US10427964

    申请日：2003-05-02

    Applicant: Jean-Claude Ouellet ,  Jean Campagna ,  Danick Dupont ,  Gratien Beauchemin ,  Jacques Labbé

    Inventor： Jean-Claude Ouellet ,  Jean Campagna ,  Danick Dupont ,  Gratien Beauchemin ,  Jacques Labbé

    IPC: G01N3/20

    CPC classification number: G01N33/46 ,  G01N3/20 ,  G01N2203/0023 ,  G01N2203/0075 ,  G01N2203/0206 ,  G01N2203/0248 ,  G01N2203/0258

    Abstract: An apparatus for testing stiffness characteristics such as modulus of elasticity E of an article such as a piece of lumber moving in a conveying direction transverse to the testing axis, comprises a bearing unit capable of contacting the piece of lumber at two spaced apart portions thereof. There is provided a first deflecting unit including a first working element being normally disposed in a first static position relative to the conveying path for applying a first thrust against a loaded area on the article at an intermediary portion thereof located between the spaced apart portions, to produce an article deflection of a first magnitude. Each working element defines a loading surface extending substantially parallel to the article-conveying path. There is further provided a second deflecting unit including a second working element being normally disposed in a second static position relative to the conveying path for applying a second thrust against a loaded area of the article intermediary portion, to produce an article deflection of a second magnitude, wherein the second position differs from the first position relative to the conveying path by a differential value. The apparatus further comprises load cells coupled to the bearing unit for generating signals indicative of respective magnitudes the first and second thrusts as applied by first and second deflecting units, and a computer for deriving from such signals and differential value an indication of the stiffness of the article, such as modulus of elasticity E.

    Abstract translation: 用于测量诸如在横向于测试轴线的传送方向上移动的一块木材的制品的刚度特性（例如，弹性模量E）的装置包括能够在其两个间隔开的部分处接触该木材的轴承单元。 提供了第一偏转单元，其包括第一工作元件，第一工作元件通常相对于输送路径设置在第一静止位置，用于在其位于间隔开的部分之间的中间部分处施加第一推力抵靠物品上的装载区域， 产生第一幅度的物品偏转。 每个工作元件限定基本平行于物品输送路径延伸的装载表面。 还提供了一种第二偏转单元，其包括第二工作元件，该第二工作元件通常相对于输送路径设置在第二静止位置，用于将第二推力施加在物品中间部分的装载区域上，以产生第二幅度的制品偏转 ，其中所述第二位置与所述第一位置相对于所述输送路径的微分值不同。 该装置还包括耦合到轴承单元的负载传感器，用于产生指示由第一和第二偏转单元施加的第一和第二推力的相应大小的信号，以及用于从这些信号和微分值导出的指示， 物品如弹性模量E.

    Substrate bending stiffness measurement method and system
    4.
    发明授权
    Substrate bending stiffness measurement method and system 失效
    基体弯曲刚度测量方法及系统

    公开(公告)号：US06581456B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

    申请号：US10041047

    申请日：2002-01-07

    Applicant: Robert A. Clark

    Inventor： Robert A. Clark

    IPC: G01L504

    CPC classification number: G01N3/20 ,  G01N2203/0046 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/0417

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring substrate bending stiffness and thereby basis weight on a real time basis. Provided is a corrugator having a plurality of parallel ribs, with one or more sheets of the substrate provided below the corrugator wherein a predetermined gap exists between a topmost sheet of the sheets and the corrugator. A vacuum is applied between the corrugator and the topmost sheet, wherein the vacuum is sufficiently large to raise the topmost sheet, thereby deflecting and bending it into a profile corresponding to the arrangement and size of the corrugator ribs and bending stiffness of the substrate. One or more sensors are provided for measuring the deflection of the topmost sheet. The vacuum, an air knife output and/or a fluffer output are then adjusted according to predetermined rules and the measured deflection.

    Abstract translation: 一种实时测量基板弯曲刚度，从而测量基重的方法和装置。 提供了一种波纹机，其具有多个平行的肋，其中一个或多个衬底设置在波纹机的下方，其中在最上面的片材片和波纹板之间存在预定的间隙。 在瓦楞纸机和最上面的纸张之间施加真空，其中真空足够大以提升最上面的纸张，从而偏转并将其弯曲成对应于波纹板肋的布置和尺寸以及基板的弯曲刚度的轮廓。 提供一个或多个传感器用于测量最上面的片材的挠曲。 然后根据预定的规则和测量的偏差来调节真空，气刀输出和/或绒毛输出。

    Method and apparatus for fatigue crack detection and propagation analysis
    5.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for fatigue crack detection and propagation analysis 失效
    疲劳裂纹检测和传播分析方法与装置

    公开(公告)号：US5079955A

    公开(公告)日：1992-01-14

    申请号：US542859

    申请日：1990-06-25

    Applicant: Allen C. Eberhardt

    Inventor： Allen C. Eberhardt

    IPC: G01N3/00 ,  G01N3/02 ,  G01N3/30 ,  G01N3/32

    CPC classification number: G01N3/32 ,  G01N3/30 ,  G01N2203/0064 ,  G01N2203/0066 ,  G01N2203/0073 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/027

    Abstract: A fatigue testing system subjects a test specimen to a rotary stress applied about an axis at one or both ends which is perpendicular to the axis of the test specimen. The stress applied may be selected from sinusoidal, random, impulse or a signal generated by the stresses applied to an actual in service specimen. A servo applies the stress to the test specimen through a coupler and the changes in the electrical resistance of a portion of the test specimen is sensed to detect the initiation and propagation of a stress failure.

    Abstract translation: 疲劳测试系统使试样受到围绕垂直于试样轴线的一端或两端的轴线施加的旋转应力。 施加的应力可以选自正弦波，随机波，脉冲波或由应用于实际使用样本的应力产生的信号。 伺服通过耦合器将应力施加到试样上，并且检测试样的一部分的电阻的变化以检测应力破坏的起始和传播。

    Testing
    6.
    发明申请
    Testing 审中-公开
    测试

    公开(公告)号：US20070260319A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-08

    申请号：US11660719

    申请日：2005-08-04

    Applicant: Christopher Reah

    Inventor： Christopher Reah

    IPC: A61F2/44

    CPC classification number: G01N3/32 ,  A61F2/468 ,  G01N2203/0026 ,  G01N2203/0089 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/047

    Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing an item, such as an artificial and/or prosthetic intervertebral disc or part thereof, is provided to allow one or more combinations of compressive load and/or flexion and/or extension and/or lateral bending and/or axial rotation and/or shear to be considered. The method includes: providing a first structure having an item contacting portion and a second structure having an item contacting portion; providing an item between the first and second structures and in contact with the item contacting portions; operating an actuator to move the first structure between a first state and a second state, the first structure being in a first rotational position relative to the second structure in the first state and being in a different second rotational position relative to the second structure in the second state.

    Abstract translation: 提供了用于测试物品（例如人造和/或假肢椎间盘或其部分）的方法和装置，以允许压缩载荷和/或屈曲和/或伸展和/或横向弯曲和/或弯曲的一个或多个组合 轴向旋转和/或剪切。 该方法包括：提供具有物品接触部分的第一结构和具有物品接触部分的第二结构; 在第一和第二结构之间提供物品并与物品接触部分接触; 操作致动器以在第一状态和第二状态之间移动第一结构，第一结构在第一状态下相对于第二结构处于第一旋转位置，并且相对于第二结构处于不同的第二旋转位置 第二个状态。

    Substrate bending stiffness measurement method and system
    7.
    发明授权
    Substrate bending stiffness measurement method and system 失效
    基体弯曲刚度测量方法及系统

    公开(公告)号：US06772628B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-08-10

    申请号：US10440696

    申请日：2003-05-19

    Applicant: Robert A. Clark

    Inventor： Robert A. Clark

    IPC: G01L504

    CPC classification number: G01N3/20 ,  G01N2203/0046 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/0417

    Abstract: A method for measuring substrate bending stiffness and thereby basis weight on a real time basis. Provided is a corrugator having a plurality of parallel ribs, with one or more sheets of the substrate provided below the corrugator wherein a predetermined gap exists between a topmost sheet of the sheets and the corrugator. A vacuum is applied between the corrugator and the topmost sheet, wherein the vacuum is sufficiently large to raise the topmost sheet, thereby deflecting and bending it into a profile corresponding to the arrangement and size of the corrugator ribs and bending stiffness of the substrate. One or more sensors are provided for measuring the deflection of the topmost sheet. The vacuum, an air knife output and/or a fluffer output are then adjusted according to predetermined rules and the measured deflection.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于实时测量基板弯曲刚度，从而测量基重的方法。 提供了一种波纹机，其具有多个平行的肋，其中一个或多个衬底设置在波纹机的下方，其中在最上面的片材片和波纹板之间存在预定的间隙。 在瓦楞纸机和最上面的纸张之间施加真空，其中真空足够大以升高最上面的纸张，从而偏转并将其弯曲成对应于波纹辊肋的布置和尺寸以及基板的弯曲刚度的轮廓。 提供一个或多个传感器用于测量最上面的片材的挠曲。 然后根据预定的规则和测量的偏差来调节真空，气刀输出和/或绒毛输出。

    Substrate bending stiffness measurement method and system
    9.
    发明申请
    Substrate bending stiffness measurement method and system 失效
    基体弯曲刚度测量方法及系统

    公开(公告)号：US20030200815A1

    公开(公告)日：2003-10-30

    申请号：US10440696

    申请日：2003-05-19

    Applicant: Xerox Corporation

    Inventor： Robert A. Clark

    IPC: G01N003/20

    CPC classification number: G01N3/20 ,  G01N2203/0046 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/0417

    Abstract: A method for measuring substrate bending stiffness and thereby basis weight on a real time basis. Provided is a corrugator having a plurality of parallel ribs, with one or more sheets of the substrate provided below the corrugator wherein a predetermined gap exists between a topmost sheet of the sheets and the corrugator. A vacuum is applied between the corrugator and the topmost sheet, wherein the vacuum is sufficiently large to raise the topmost sheet, thereby deflecting and bending it into a profile corresponding to the arrangement and size of the corrugator ribs and bending stiffness of the substrate. One or more sensors are provided for measuring the deflection of the topmost sheet. The vacuum, an air knife output and/or a fluffer output are then adjusted according to predetermined rules and the measured deflection.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于实时测量基板弯曲刚度，从而测量基重的方法。 提供了一种波纹机，其具有多个平行的肋，其中一个或多个衬底设置在波纹机的下方，其中在最上面的片材片和波纹板之间存在预定的间隙。 在瓦楞纸机和最上面的纸张之间施加真空，其中真空足够大以提升最上面的纸张，从而偏转并将其弯曲成对应于波纹板肋的布置和尺寸以及基板的弯曲刚度的轮廓。 提供一个或多个传感器用于测量最上面的片材的挠曲。 然后根据预定的规则和测量的偏差来调节真空，气刀输出和/或绒毛输出。

    Method and apparatus for proof testing optical fibers
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for proof testing optical fibers 失效
    光纤验证方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US6119527A

    公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

    申请号：US158426

    申请日：1998-09-21

    Applicant: Ephraim Suhir

    Inventor： Ephraim Suhir

    IPC: G01M11/08 ,  G01N3/02 ,  G01N3/08

    CPC classification number: G01N3/08 ,  G01M11/088 ,  G01N2203/0258 ,  G01N2203/028

    Abstract: A method, technique, and apparatus proof test an optical fiber interconnect by applying an ends off-set stress on the optical fiber until the optical fiber fails or breaks, either immediately (short-term strength), or as a result of the delayed-fracture/"static-fatigue" phenomenon for the given off-set, and, hence, for the given stress (long-term strength), imposed for the measured period of time. If, for instance, the short-term strength is addressed, the off-set is measured at the time of the failure, and the corresponding critical strain of the optical fiber is then predicted. In predicting the critical strain, the method and apparatus iteratively determine the total strain, including non-linear components thereof, for an optical fiber interconnect experiencing the measured ends off-set. The analytical model/method includes the steps of iteratively processing characteristic parameters associated with the optical fiber, and determining the non-linear strain associated with the optical fiber. The apparatus includes a processor for implementing the disclosed method.

    Abstract translation: 或者，通过在光纤上施加端点偏移应力直到光纤发生故障或中断，或者立即（短期强度），或作为延迟时间的结果，对光纤互连的方法，技术和设备进行验证， 给定偏差的断裂/“静态疲劳”现象，因此对于在测量时间段内施加的给定应力（长期强度）。 例如，如果解决了短期强度，则在故障时测量偏移，然后预测光纤的相应的临界应变。 在预测临界应变时，该方法和装置迭代地确定经受经测量的端点偏移的光纤互连的总应变（包括其非线性分量）。 分析模型/方法包括迭代地处理与光纤相关联的特征参数以及确定与光纤相关联的非线性应变的步骤。 该装置包括用于实现所公开的方法的处理器。

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