摘要:
Perhydrophenanthrene derivatives of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl of 1-10 C atoms and R.sub.2 is alkyl, alkoxy or alkanoyloxy each of 1-10 C atoms, H, Br, Cl or CN, have an extremely low optical anisotropy and are particularly suitable as components of liquid-crystalline dielectrics.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a method for effecting catalytic selective oxidation in liquid phase comprising a perfluorinated solvent and an olefinic compound with molecular oxygen to produce an epoxide. The method may provide enhanced selectivity to the epoxide of greater than 60%. The olefinic compound may be ethylene, propylene, butenes, 1-octene, butadiene, allyl chloride, allyl alcohol, styrene, and the like. The perfluorinated solvent may be perfluoro methyldecalin, perfluorodecalin, perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene, perfluoro (butyltetrahydrofuran), isomers thereof, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the method includes catalytically epoxidizing, in a liquid phase comprising a perfluorinated solvent, propylene with molecular oxygen to produce propylene oxide. A system for carrying out the method is also provided, the system comprising a source of a perfluorinated solvent, and a liquid phase reactor fluidly connected with the source, and configured for effecting catalytic selective oxidation, in a liquid phase comprising the perfluorinated solvent, of an olefinic compound with molecular oxygen to produce an epoxide.
摘要:
A photoacid generator compound P+A−, comprises an antenna group P+ comprising a cation that generates protons upon interaction with light, and A− comprising a weakly coordinating peracceptor-substituted aromatic anion that does not contain fluorine or semi-metallic elements such as boron. In one embodiment, such anions comprise the following compounds 4, 5, 6 and 7, wherein E comprises an electron-withdrawing group and the removal of one proton generates aromaticity. P+ comprises an onium cation that decomposes into a proton and other components upon interaction with photons. P+ may comprise an organic chalcogen onium cation or a halonium cation, wherein the chalcogen onium cation in another embodiment may comprises an oxonium, sulfonium, selenium, tellurium, or onium cation, and the halonium cation may comprise an iodonium, chlorine or bromine onium cation. A novel compound comprises TPS CN5. A photolithographic formulation comprises the photoacid generator in combination with a photolithographic composition such as a photolithographic polymer. The formulation, when on a substrate, is exposed to optical lithographic radiation or ArF (193 nm) or KrF (248 nm) radiation, and developed. A product comprises an article of manufacture made by the method of the invention.
摘要翻译:光致酸发生剂化合物P + A-包含天线组P +,其包含在与光相互作用时产生质子的阳离子,以及A-包含不含氟或半金属元素如硼的弱配位的受体取代的芳族阴离子 。 在一个实施方案中,这种阴离子包含以下化合物4,5,6和7,其中E包括吸电子基团,并且去除一个质子产生芳香性。 P +包含在与光子相互作用时分解成质子和其它成分的鎓阳离子。 P +可以包含有机硫族元素鎓阳离子或卤鎓阳离子,其中在另一个实施方案中的硫属离子阳离子可以包含氧鎓,锍,硒,碲或鎓阳离子,卤鎓阳离子可以包含碘鎓,氯或溴鎓阳离子 。 一种新型化合物包括TPS CN5。 光刻制剂包括与诸如光刻聚合物的光刻组合物组合的光酸产生剂。 当在基板上暴露于光学平版照射或ArF(193nm)或KrF(248nm)辐射时,该制剂开发。 产品包括通过本发明的方法制造的制品。
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a method for effecting catalytic selective oxidation in liquid phase comprising a perfluorinated solvent and an olefinic compound with molecular oxygen to produce an epoxide. The method may provide enhanced selectivity to the epoxide of greater than 60%. The olefinic compound may be ethylene, propylene, butenes, 1-octene, butadiene, allyl chloride, allyl alcohol, styrene, and the like. The perfluorinated solvent may be perfluoro methyldecalin, perfluorodecalin, perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene, perfluoro (butyltetrahydrofuran), isomers thereof, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the method includes catalytically epoxidizing, in a liquid phase comprising a perfluorinated solvent, propylene with molecular oxygen to produce propylene oxide. A system for carrying out the method is also provided, the system comprising a source of a perfluorinated solvent, and a liquid phase reactor fluidly connected with the source, and configured for effecting catalytic selective oxidation, in a liquid phase comprising the perfluorinated solvent, of an olefinic compound with molecular oxygen to produce an epoxide.
摘要:
A novel compound represented by the general formula (I), and a nematic liquid crystal composition incorporating the same. A compound represented by the general formula (I) can be produced industrially extremely easily, as shown in the examples, displays superior compatibility with current general purpose host liquid crystals as a nematic phase, and also shows little crystal precipitation at low temperatures. Moreover, by addition of a small amount of such a compound to a host liquid crystal, the liquid crystal temperature range at low temperatures can be effectively widened without any significant worsening of the various characteristics of the liquid crystal material. Consequently, a compound of the present invention is an extremely useful liquid crystal material which is suitable for various liquid crystal display elements which require a broad operating temperature range.
摘要:
A photoacid generator P+ A− comprises (a) an antenna group P+ comprising atoms with high EUV photoabsorption cross-sections according to FIG. 1 and A− anions; or (b) an antenna group P+ and A− comprising anions with low photoabsorption cross-sections for EUV; or (c) an antenna group P+, comprising atoms with high EUV photoabsorption cross-sections according to FIG. 1 and A− comprising anions with low photoabsorption cross-sections for EUV. Novel compounds comprise DTFPIO PFBuS, and DTBPIO CN5.
摘要:
Fluorinated phenanthrene derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which the symbols and indices have the following meanings: E.sup.1, E.sup.2, E.sup.3, E.sup.4, E.sup.5 and E.sup.6 are identical or different and are --N--, --CF-- or --CH--;G is --CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 -- or --CF.dbd.CF--;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, for example, alkyl or alkoxy;M.sup.1, M.sup.2, M.sup.3 and M.sup.4 are, for example, O, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or a single bond;A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are, for example, 1,4-phenylene or pyrimidine-2,5-diyl;m and n are zero or one, but in total are not more than one,are suitable as components of liquid-crystalline mixtures.
摘要:
Increased stability is conferred on oil-in-water emulsions of perfluorocarbons by addition of a minor (0.1-5% w/v) amount of a fluorinated compound of higher boiling point than the perfluorocarbon being emulsified. The added fluorinated compound is preferably a perfluorinated saturated polycyclic hydrocarbon. The most preferred additive is perfluoroperhydrofluoranthene.