摘要:
A method of steam cracking using a steam cracking arrangement including an electric cracking furnace without a convection zone and a quench cooling train is proposed, wherein a process gas stream is passed through the cracking furnace and the cooling train. The cooling train is operated to comprise at least two distinct cooling steps arranged in either order, wherein in a first cooling step at least a part of the process gas stream withdrawn from the electric cracking furnace is cooled against vaporizing boiler feed water at an absolute pressure level between 30 and 175 bar and wherein in a second cooling step at least a part of the process gas stream withdrawn from the electric cracking furnace is cooled against a superheated mixture of feed hydrocarbons and process steam used in forming the process gas stream which is thereby heated to a temperature level between 350 and 750° C.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of steam cracking using electricity to supply energy. This method is to provide energy for steam cracking reaction of a cracking raw material by electromagnetic induction with electricity; the cracking raw material comprises one or more of naphtha, cycloalkane and cycloolefin; wherein the cycloalkane is a C4-C8 cycloalkane, and the cycloolefin is a C4-C8 cycloolefin. The present invention utilizes electricity to provide energy for the steam cracking reaction through an electromagnetic coil, which is a new use of electricity and solve the current problem of excess electricity. Moreover, utilizing the electromagnetic coil to provide power can make the heat distribution in the furnace tube of the cracking furnace more uniform, and it is easier to control the reaction temperature and the progress of the reaction.
摘要:
The present application relates to a process for cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock, using to the largest extent electrically powered equipment where the power is obtained from renewable sources or low-carbon sources. In particular, it relates to a process for cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock, including bringing the hydrocarbon feedstock and dilution steam to supersonic velocities in the reactor, followed by applying a shockwave to induce cracking of the hydrocarbon feedstock, to convert at least a part of the hydrocarbon mixture to produce olefins.
摘要:
A hybrid steam cracking process including, in addition to combusting a fuel in a steam cracker furnace to provide thermal energy to the radiant and convection sections, heating a segment of an external furnace piping using an electrical heating device. The external furnace piping can include, e.g., the hydrocarbon-containing feed inlet piping, the cross-over piping, the radiant section inlet piping, and the radiant section outlet piping. Capacity and selectivity of the steam cracker furnace can be enhanced compared to conventional steam cracking process without electrical heating. The technology can be conveniently deployed in existing conventional steam cracking facilities.
摘要:
Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems are described that can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation. Hydrocarbon-containing materials are also used as feedstocks.
摘要:
Endothermic reactions (those whose heat of reaction is positive) may be controlled in a truly isothermal fashion with external heat input applied directly to the solid catalyst surface itself and not by an indirect means external to the actual catalytic material. This heat source can be supplied uniformly and isothermally to the catalyst active sites solely by conduction using electrical resistance heating of the catalytic material itself or by an electrical resistance heating element with the active catalytic material coating directly on the surface. By employing only conduction as the mode of heat transfer to the catalytic sites, the non-uniform modes of radiation and convection are avoided permitting a uniform isothermal chemical reaction to take place.
摘要:
A process for catalytic reaction of heavy oils and a particulate solid medium, which comprises withdrawing a part or the whole of the used medium from the reactor, separating the withdrawn particles into the particles which have been rendered magnetic by the deposition thereon of nickel, vanadium, iron and copper originally contained in the heavy oils, and non-magnetic particles, using a high gradient magnetic separator which is so designed that a ferromagnetic matrix is placed in a uniform high magnetic field, and returning the non-magnetic particles of the medium into the reactor for re-use.