Abstract:
NOVEL N-3-OXOHYDROCARBON - SUBSTITUTED ACRYLAMIDES CONTAINING AN AROMATIC RADICAL IN EITHER THE 1 OR 3 POSITION ON THE OXOHYDROCARBON SUBSTITUENT ARE PREPARED BY THE REACTION OF ACRYLONITRILE WITH AN AROMATIC KETONE HAVING AT LEAST ONE ALPHA HYDROGEN ATOM, OR WITH A MIX, TURE OF SUCH A KETONE WITH AN AROMATIC OR ALIPHATIC ALDEHYDE OR KETONE HAVING AT LEAST ONE ALPLHA HYDROGEN ATOM, IN THE PRESENCE OF SULFURIC ACID; OR BY THE REACTION OF ACRYLONITRILE WITH A B=HYDROXY OXOHYDROCARBON OR AN A,B-UNSATRUATED OXOHYDROCARBON DERIVED FROM SAID AROMATIC KETONE OR MIXTURE. OIL-SOLUBLE PLOLYMERS FORMED BY THE POLYMERIZATION OF THESE ACRYLAMIDES, AND ALSO BY THE POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLAMIDES CONTAINING AT LEAST TWO AROMATIC SUBSTITUENTS, ONE IN THE 1 POSITION AND ONE IN THE 3 POSITION OF THE NITROGEN SUBSTITUENT, ARE USEFUL AS VISCOSITY INDEX IMPROVERS FOR LUBRICATING OILS.
Abstract:
N- 3 -OXOHYDROCARBON-SUBSTITUTED 3-ALKOXYPROPIONAMIDES ARE PREPARED BY REACTING AN ALCOHOL WITH AN N-3OXOHYDROCARBON-SUBSTITUTED ACRYLAMIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF A STRONGLY ALKALINE CATALYST, THE MOLE RATIO OF ALCOHOL TO SUBSTITUTED ACRYLAMIDE BEING BETWEEN ABOUT 8:1 AND 12:1. THE PRODUCTS ARE USEFUL AS CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES FOR THE PREPARATION OF NOVEL AND USEFUL COMPOUNDS; FOR EXAMPLE, N-(1-1-DIMETHYL-3-OXOBUTYL)-3-METHOXYPROPIONAMIDE CAN BE CONVERTED TO N-(1,1-DIMETHYL-3-HYDROXYBUTYL)-ACRYLAMIDE BY HYDROGENATION FOLLOWED BY ALKALINE PYROLYSIS.
Abstract:
SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS CHARACTERIZED BY THE PRESENCE OF AT LEAST ONE CYCLOALIPHATIC GROUP WITH AT LEAST TWO NUCLEAR CARBON ATOMS OF ONE CYCLOALIPHATIC GROUP OR TWO NUCLEAR CARBON ATOMS OF DIFFERENT CYCLOALIPHATIC GROUPS JOINED THROUGH A DIVALENT SULFUR LINKAGE. THE SULFUR LINKAGE CONTAINS AT LEAST TWO SULFUR ATOMS. SULFURIZED DIELS ALDER ADDUCTS ARE ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE COMPOSITIONS DISCLOSED. THESE SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS ARE PARTICULARLY USEFUL AS EXTREME PRESSURE AND ANTIWEAR ADDITIVES IN VARIOUS LUBRICATING OILS.
Abstract:
EPOXIDES ARE CONVERTED INTO EPISOLFIDES IN EXCELLENT YEILD BY REACTION WITH A TH IOLACTAM HAVING 5-7 ATOMS IN THE RING. 2-THIOPYRROLIDONE AND E-THIOCAPROLACTAM, ESPECIALLY THE FORMER, ARE PREFERRED.
Abstract:
A CARBOXY-CONTAINING INTERPOLYMER IN WHICH SOME OF THE CARBOXY RADICALS ARE ESTERIFIED AND THE REMAINING CARBOXY RADICALS ARE NEUTRALIZED BY REACTION WITH A POLYAMINO COMPOUND HAVING ONE PRIMARY OR SECONDARY AMINO GROUP IS USEFUL AS AN ADDITIVE IN LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS AND FUELS. THE INTERPOLYMER IS ESPECIALLY EFFECTIVE TO IMPART DESIRABLE VISCOSITY CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTI-SLUDGE PROPERTIES TO A LUBRICATING OIL.