摘要:
The invention is concerned with a method of processing seeds or cereal to accelerate natural germination in which a bed of seeds or cereal are steeped in water which is oxygenated by circulation therethrough of a stream of oxygenated air, the temperature of the bed is controlled during steeping by cooling the circulating oxygenated air, the body of water is drained from the bed, oxygenated air is passed through the bed to dry the seeds or cereal, and the temperature of the bed is controlled during the drying step whereby the bed of seeds or cereal is pregerminated.Advantages of the invention are that the seeds or cereal are in a condition ready for immediate germination when required but may be stored for a indefinite period of time. Also when the seeds or cereal are or is planted they can grow immediately since they have the correct moisture uptake, and further the germination and original growth phases are uniformly and actively promoted by the oxygenated reaction.
摘要:
An improved malting process comprises the steps of steeping barley or other cereal grain to initiate germination thereof, subjecting the germinated grain to a treatment to restrict further growth and respiration of the grain, and malting the grain in a relatively short period. The treatment may be a mechanical treatment such as pumping the grain in water, or it may be a temperature or chemical treatment. The subsequent malting may be carried out at a temperature between 20* and 40*C and the malting period is less than 48 hours.
摘要:
The present invention relates to methods for preparing cereal-based beverages. The present invention provides, for example, methods for steeping and germination of cereal grain under continuous aeration. Particularly, the present invention provides methods for heating the germinated cereal grains prior to wet milling of germinated cereal grains and direct transfer of the germinated grain, without drying, to the brewery for further processing. Compared to current methods the methods of the present invention significantly reduce water consumption, energy consumption and transport need.
摘要:
The present invention relates to methods for preparing cereal-based beverages. Particularly, the present invention provides, for example, methods for steeping and germination of cereal grain under continuous aeration. The present invention also provides for wet milling of germinated cereal grains and direct transfer of the germinated grain, without drying, to the brewery for further processing. Compared to current methods the methods of the present invention significantly reduces water consumption, energy consumption and transport need.
摘要:
This disclosure relates to methods to increase hydrolytic enzyme activity in a barley grain. The methods include application of photon energy to barley grain during the germination period of a malting process. The applied photon energy causes a stress to the barley grain that is sufficient to increase enzymatic levels and/or reduce the germination period.
摘要:
The present disclosure provides polypeptides having aminopeptidase activity and isolated nucleic acid sequences encoding the polypeptides. In some embodiments, the disclosure also provides to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the nucleic acid sequences as well as methods for producing the polypeptides. In some embodiments, the present disclosure further provides to methods of obtaining protein hydrolysates useful as flavor improving agents.
摘要:
The invention provides hydrolases, polynucleotides encoding them, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. In one aspect, the invention is directed to polypeptides, e.g., enzymes, having a hydrolase activity, e.g., an esterase, acylase, lipase, phospholipase (e.g., phospholipase A, B, C and D activity, patatin activity, lipid acyl hydrolase (LAH) activity) or protease activity, including thermostable and thermotolerant hydrolase activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, and making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. The hydrolase activities of the polypeptides and peptides of the invention include esterase activity, lipase activity (hydrolysis of lipids), acidolysis reactions (to replace an esterified fatty acid with a free fatty acid), transesterification reactions (exchange of fatty acids between triglycerides), ester synthesis, ester interchange reactions, phospholipase activity and protease activity (hydrolysis of peptide bonds). The polypeptides of the invention can be used in a variety of pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial contexts, including the manufacture of cosmetics and nutraceuticals. In another aspect, the polypeptides of the invention are used to synthesize enantiomerically pure chiral products.
摘要:
IN MALTING IN WHICH BARLEY IS STEEPED, GERMINATED AND DRIED BY KILNING, THE IMPROVEMENT OF ADDING A SULFITE, BISULFITE OR METABISULFITE SALT OF MIXTURE THEREOF TO THE BARLEY AFTER STEEP-OUT AND BEFORE SIGNIFICANT KILNING OF THE GERMINATED GRAIN, ADDING AN ACIDIC SUBSTANCE TO THE GRAIN AFTER AT LEAST ONE DAY OF GERMINATION, AND THEREAFTER COMPLETING ANY REMAINING GERMINATION PERIOD AND KILNING PERIOD. THE MALT OBTAINED IS CHARACTERIZED BY DECREASED WORT PH, INCREASED EXTRACT AND WORT SOLUBLE PROTEIN, AND HAS A BRIGHTER COLOR. THE MALT IS EQUAL TO OR BETTER THAN THAT OBTAINED MALT SULFURING ACCORDING TO CONVENTIONAL METHODS.
摘要:
In the conversion of barley to malt the distal end of the individual grains is selectively abraded to permit access of exogenous gibberellic acid to the aleurone layer at positions remote from the germ. The abrasion is carried out to such extent as to permit the above result without splitting the husk of an unduly large proportion of the grains. A weight reduction of 0.2% is usually sufficient.