Short-circuit detector
    91.
    发明授权
    Short-circuit detector 失效
    短路检测器

    公开(公告)号:US06731116B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-05-04

    申请号:US10232768

    申请日:2002-08-29

    IPC分类号: G01R3100

    摘要: A short-circuit detector has connected between positive and negative terminals of a DC power source a series connection including sequentially a first switch, a first detection resistor, a second detection resistor and a second switch, a third switch between a grounding terminal such as a vehicle chassis and a point between the first and second detection resistors and a voltage detector circuit connected in parallel with the first and second detection resistors. A control circuit is connected to the voltage detector circuit, serving to calculate a voltage value of the DC power source by switching on only the first and second switches, to calculate a first voltage drop value across the first detection resistor by switching on only the first and third switches, to calculate a second voltage drop value across the second detection resistor by switching on only the second and third switches and to determine presence or absence of short-circuited conditions at the positive and negative terminals of the DC power source on the basis of the calculated voltage value, the first voltage drop value and the second voltage drop value.

    摘要翻译: 短路检测器连接在直流电源的正极和负极之间,串联连接包括顺序地包括第一开关,第一检测电阻,第二检测电阻和第二开关,第三开关在接地端子 车辆底盘以及第一和第二检测电阻器之间的点以及与第一和第二检测电阻并联连接的电压检测器电路。 控制电路连接到电压检测器电路,用于通过仅接通第一和第二开关来计算直流电源的电压值,以通过仅接通第一和第二开关来计算第一检测电阻器两端的第一电压降值 和第三开关,以通过仅接通第二和第三开关来计算跨第二检测电阻器的第二电压降值,并且基于在直流电源的正极和负极端子上确定有无短路条件 计算的电压值,第一电压降值和第二电压降值。

    Hot dip plating method and apparatus
    93.
    发明授权
    Hot dip plating method and apparatus 失效
    热浸镀方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US6143364A

    公开(公告)日:2000-11-07

    申请号:US113304

    申请日:1998-07-10

    CPC分类号: C23C2/02

    摘要: A batchwise hot dip plating method is performed by dipping a metallic material in a molten metal plating bath, following fluxing by dipping the metallic material in a bath of a fused salt flux (e.g., a mixture of cryolite and one or more alkali metal chlorides and optionally aluminum fluoride) having a melting temperature at least 5.degree. C. higher than the temperature of the molten metal plating bath, which also serves to preheat the metallic material. In the case of hot dip plating with an Al--Zn alloy, particularly a Zn/55% Al/0.5-2% Si alloy, a bare spot-free plated coating having good appearance can be formed by a reduced duration of dipping in the plating bath without post-plating treatment to remove flux residues. The use of a plating tank having a cross section of a round shape such as a semicircular shape or an oblong semielliptic shape, rather than a rectangular box shape, brings about a significantly extended service life of the plating tank.

    摘要翻译: 通过将金属材料浸入熔融盐助熔剂(例如,冰晶石和一种或多种碱金属氯化物的混合物)和一种或多种碱金属氯化物的混合物中,将金属材料浸入熔融金属镀浴中, 任选的氟化铝),其熔融温度比熔融金属电镀浴的温度高至少5℃,这也用于预热金属材料。 在使用Al-Zn合金,特别是Zn / 55%Al / 0.5-2%Si合金进行热浸镀的情况下,可以通过减少浸渍时间来形成具有良好外观的裸露点镀覆涂层 电镀浴不需要电镀后处理以除去助焊剂残留物。 使用具有诸如半圆形或长方形半椭圆形的圆形横截面的电镀槽而不是矩形盒形状,导致电镀槽的使用寿命显着延长。

    Image forming apparatus having rotatable charging brush with varying
charging voltage
    94.
    发明授权
    Image forming apparatus having rotatable charging brush with varying charging voltage 失效
    具有可变充电电压的可旋转充电刷的图像形成装置

    公开(公告)号:US5845172A

    公开(公告)日:1998-12-01

    申请号:US748005

    申请日:1996-11-12

    IPC分类号: G03G15/02 G03G21/00 G03G21/10

    摘要: In order to achieve such effects that memories such as image memory due to untransferred residual toner can be sufficiently prevented, and good images can be obtained by suppressing base fogging and reduction of entire image density for a long term, an oscillating voltage composed of a DC ingredient and an oscillating ingredient is applied to a charging device for charging a photosensitive member, while the charging device is in a position facing an image forming region of the photosensitive member. While the charging device is in a position facing an image non-forming region of the photosensitive member, only a DC voltage is applied to the charging device for at least a predetermined time.

    摘要翻译: 为了实现这样的效果,可以充分防止由于未转印的残留调色剂引起的诸如图像存储器的记录,并且通过抑制基底雾化和长期的整个图像浓度的降低可以获得良好的图像,由DC 成分和振动成分被施加到用于对感光构件充电的充电装置,同时充电装置处于面对感光构件的图像形成区域的位置。 当充电装置处于面对感光构件的图像非形成区域的位置时,只有DC电压被施加到充电装置至少预定的时间。

    Image forming apparatus
    96.
    发明授权
    Image forming apparatus 失效
    图像形成装置

    公开(公告)号:US5774169A

    公开(公告)日:1998-06-30

    申请号:US623369

    申请日:1996-03-28

    摘要: An image forming apparatus having an insulated member disposed adjacent to a photosensitive member, a scanner exposing an image on the photosensitive member in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the insulated member while voltage is applied between the photosensitive member and the insulated member so as to provide a charge on the insulated member surface corresponding to the optical exposure image. The exposure position exposed by the scanner is changed in the direction of movement of the image-bearing member for each scan.

    摘要翻译: 一种图像形成装置,具有与感光构件相邻设置的绝缘构件,扫描器在感光构件和绝缘构件之间施加电压的同时在垂直于绝缘构件的移动方向的方向上使感光构件上的图像曝光, 以便在对应于光学曝光图像的绝缘构件表面上提供电荷。 由扫描仪曝光的曝光位置在每次扫描的图像承载部件的移动方向上改变。

    Thermoplastic polypropylene resin composition
    98.
    发明授权
    Thermoplastic polypropylene resin composition 失效
    热塑性聚丙烯树脂组合物

    公开(公告)号:US5484824A

    公开(公告)日:1996-01-16

    申请号:US448188

    申请日:1995-05-23

    CPC分类号: C08L53/00

    摘要: A thermoplastic resin composition which contains a resin composition containing a crystalline polypropylene component, an ethylene-butene-1 copolymer rubber and an ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber; a modified polypropylene; a saturated polyester resin; and an epoxy group-containing copolymer; and optionally talc exhibits high low-temperature impact strength, stiffness and Rockwell hardness and a small coefficient of linear expansion, which composition gives an injection-molded article suitably used for a bumper for automobile.

    摘要翻译: 一种热塑性树脂组合物,其含有含有结晶聚丙烯组分,乙烯 - 丁烯-1共聚物橡胶和乙烯 - 丙烯共聚物橡胶的树脂组合物; 改性聚丙烯; 饱和聚酯树脂; 和含环氧基的共聚物; 并且任选的滑石显示出高的低温冲击强度,刚度和洛氏硬度和小的线膨胀系数,该组合物给出适合用于汽车保险杠的注塑制品。

    Thermoplastic resin compositions comprising polyphenylene ether,
polyolefins and dinitrodiamines
    100.
    发明授权
    Thermoplastic resin compositions comprising polyphenylene ether, polyolefins and dinitrodiamines 失效
    包含聚苯醚,聚烯烃和二硝基二胺的热塑性树脂组合物

    公开(公告)号:US5428091A

    公开(公告)日:1995-06-27

    申请号:US171622

    申请日:1993-12-22

    摘要: A thermoplastic resin composition which comprises 100 parts by weight of a composition comprising 95-5 % by weight of at least one polyolefinresin (A) selected from homopolymers of ethylene or .alpha.-olefin or copolymers thereof and these homopolymers or copolymers modified with a polyfunctional compound (E) and/or an unsaturated monomer (L) and 5-95 % by weight of at least one polyphenylene-ether-resin (B) selected from polyphenylene ether, modified polyphenylene ether with the above (E) and/or (L) and a composition comprising the polyphenylene or modified polyphenylene ether and an aromatic vinyl polymer resin (M) and 0.001-10 parts by weight of a dinitrodiamine (D) of the following formula (I). ##STR1## (wherein X represents a divalent chain aliphatic group, a cyclic aliphatic group or an aromatic group which may contain a halogen or an oxygen atom, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a chain aliphatic group, a cyclic aliphatic group or an aromatic group and when both of X and R.sup.1 are chain aliphatic groups, the nitrogen atoms may further bond each other to form a ring through X and R.sup.1 ; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1-12 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may bond to form a ring).

    摘要翻译: 一种热塑性树脂组合物,其包含100重量份的组合物,其包含95-5重量%的至少一种选自乙烯或α-烯烃的均聚物或其共聚物的聚烯烃树脂(A),以及这些均聚物或共聚物,其被多官能化合物 (E)和/或不饱和单体(L)和5-95重量%的至少一种选自聚苯醚的聚苯醚树脂(B),具有上述(E)和/或(L)的改性聚苯醚 )和包含聚亚苯基或改性聚苯醚和芳族乙烯基聚合物树脂(M)的组合物和0.001-10重量份下式(I)的二硝基二胺(D)。 (I)(其中X表示二价链脂肪族基团,环状脂肪族基团或可以含有卤素或氧原子的芳香族基团,R 1表示氢原子,链状脂肪族基团,环状脂肪族基团或 芳族基团,当X和R 1都是链状脂肪族基团时,氮原子可以进一步通过X和R 1彼此键合形成环; R2和R3独立地是氢原子或1-12个碳原子的烷基 并且R 2和R 3可以键合形成环)。