摘要:
Provided is a weatherable backsheet for solar cell modules which comprises a cured coating film and a water-impermeable sheet, the cured coating film having improved secondary adhesion to the water-impermeable sheet. The backsheet is produced using a coating composition having a prolonged usable life, and film blocking phenomenon during the production can be avoided. The weatherable backsheet for solar cell modules comprises a water-impermeable sheet and a cured coating film layer formed on at least one surface thereof, the coating film layer comprising a cross-linked product of a coating composition which comprises a hydroxylated fluoropolymer and silicon oxide particles having an average primary-particle diameter of 0.1 to 30 μm.
摘要:
The present invention provides a weather-resistant sheet for a solar cell module, which has better adhesion to a water impermeable sheet, better blocking resistance against the water impermeable sheet, and better adhesion to EVA that is a sealant; a weather-resistant sheet for a solar cell module in which a cured coating film layer thereof can suppress UV transmission significantly; a product including the sheet; and a process for producing the sheet. The weather-resistant sheet for a solar cell module includes, on a water impermeable sheet, a cured coating film layer made of a crosslinked product of a coating composition that includes a hydroxyl group-containing fluoropolymer, wherein in a pressure-resistance test performed when a crosslinking degree of the cured coating film layer is 80 to 99%, the cured coating film layer and the water impermeable sheet without a cured coating film layer formed thereon are not adhered to each other after a load has been applied to the cured coating film layer and the water impermeable sheet being stacked.
摘要:
A foam electric wire is usable for plenum twisted pair cables, coaxial cables for CATV, cables for HDMI, coaxial cables for antenna wires in mobile communications, coaxial cables for medical applications, coaxial cables for security, and coaxial cables for broadband applications. The foam electric wire includes a conductor and a plurality of coating layers that coat the conductor and consist of perfluoro resin. At least one coating layer is an unexpanded layer. At least one coating layer is an expanded layer whose expansion percentage is 40% or greater. At least one coating layer contains a perfluoro polymer having an MFR of 1-50 g/10 min. The perfluoro polymer has a melt tension of 0.09 N or greater, and/or polymer terminals that are substantially only —CF3.
摘要:
A micropost microcavity device has a maximum field intensity at the center of a high-index spacer as well as a small mode volume. The device has an approximately half-wavelength thick low-index spacer [400] sandwiched between two quarter wave stacks [410, 420]. The low-index spacer has a high-index subspacer layer [470] positioned at its center. The subspacer layer has a thickness smaller than a quarter wavelength. As a result, the electric field intensity remains a maximum at the center of the spacer where the high-index subspacer is positioned. A quantum dot or other active region [480] may be embedded within the subspacer [470]. The microcavity devices provide, for example, single photon sources, single dot lasers, low-threshold quantum dot or quantum well lasers, or devices for strong coupling between a single quantum dot and the cavity field which can be used as components of photonic integrated circuits, quantum computers, quantum networks, or quantum cryptographic systems.
摘要:
Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.
摘要:
A fuel injection apparatus has an accumulator, a booster, a nozzle, a hydraulic circuit, a hydraulic pressure valve and a control valve. At least one of a transmission path, which is connected to the hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic piston is configured to generate a delay in an operation of the nozzle or the booster that is driven by one of fuel pressure in the control chamber and fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber that is directly controlled by the control valve, against an operation of the booster or the nozzle that is driven by the other of the fuel pressure in the back pressure chamber and the fuel pressure in the control pressure indirectly controlled by the hydraulic pressure valve.
摘要:
A fuel injection device has a two-way control valve driven by a two-position actuator. The control valve directly controls oil pressure in a back pressure chamber to control an injection operation of an injection nozzle. A two-position three-way flow passage switching valve operated by control pressure of the control valve selectively connects a control chamber of a pressure intensifier with a fuel supply passage leading to a pressure accumulator or a pressure release passage leading to a low-pressure system to indirectly control oil pressure in the control chamber. The flow passage switching valve starts a pressure intensifying operation in retard of the injection operation. When pressure is supplied to the control chamber, stoppage of the pressure intensification operation and returning operation of the pressure intensifier do not lag behind the injection operation.
摘要:
In a transmitting system for a small-sized vehicle, a centrifugal clutch, and a torque converter including a pump impeller connected to an output drum of the centrifugal clutch and a turbine impeller connected to an output gear, are placed between a crankshaft of an engine and the output gear. The pump impeller and the output drum adjacent to the pump impeller are integrally coupled, with an open surface of the output drum facing to an opposite side to the pump impeller, to be constructed as a single component. Thus, occurrence of rotation vibrations and unusual noises can be prevented without requiring machining with high precision, and the numbers of components and assembling steps can be reduced while providing favorable maintainability.
摘要:
A system and method for quantum key distribution uses a regulated single-photon source to sequentially generate a first photon and a second photon separated by a time interval Δt. The two photons are directed through a beam splitter that directs each photon to one of two transmission lines, which lead to two respective receivers. When one of the photons arrives at a receiver, it passes through an interferometer. One arm of the interferometer has a path length longer than the other arm by an amount equivalent to a photon time delay of Δt. The photon is then detected in one of three time slots by one of two single-photon detectors associated with each of the two interferometer outputs. Due to quantum-mechanical entanglement in phase and time between the two photons, the receivers can determine a secret quantum key bit value from their measurements of the time slots in which the photons arrived, or of the detectors where the photons arrived.
摘要:
A method of making released structures by using at least two directional etching steps. Cantilevers, bridges and many other structures can be made with the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, two directional etching steps are performed at opposing angles nonnormal to the substrate surface such that the substrate is undercut and a structure is released. Alternatively, more than two directional etching steps may be performed at various angles. For example, the substrate may be rotated continuously during the directional etching process. A cantilever formed by the method of the present invention necessarily has a substantially triangular cross section. Directional etching processes that can be used include focused ion beam etching and ECR plasma etching. Some directional etching processes may require the use of a patterned etch resist layer. Other etching processes such as focused ion beam etching may use scanning techniques to select which regions are etched. A backside etch can be performed to remove remaining substrate material under the released micromachined structure. The method is particularly well suited for making released cantilevers.