公开(公告)号：US20090145028A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-11

申请号：US11719621

申请日：2005-11-15

Applicant: Jacques Ribesse

Inventor： Jacques Ribesse

IPC: C10J3/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/26 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/156 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1215 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1253 ,  C10J2300/1628 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the gasification of carbonaceous materials in the form of solid particles. The inventive method comprises the following steps consisting in: heating a gaseous mixture formed by a feed gas and water vapour in a heater (1); bringing the particles of the carbonaceous materials into contact with the heated gaseous mixture in a pressurised gasification reactor (2), with the formation of a raw reaction gas and unburnt ash; separately supplying the heater with (i) water vapour and (ii) the aforementioned feed gas; taking separate samples from the heater of the gaseous mixture (at point 13) and of part of the feed gas in the dry state (at point 16); and injecting into the gasification reactor said dry feed gas and a gas forming therewith a fuel mixture in the ash.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种以固体颗粒形式气化碳质材料的方法。 本发明的方法包括以下步骤：加热由加热器（1）中的进料气体和水蒸气形成的气态混合物; 在加压气化反应器（2）中使含碳材料的颗粒与加热的气体混合物接触，形成原始反应气体和未燃烧的灰分; 单独供应加热器（i）水蒸气和（ii）上述进料气体; 从气体混合物的加热器（在点13处）和处于干燥状态的进料气体的一部分（在点16处）分离出样品; 并将气态反应器注入所述干燥进料气体和在其中形成燃料混合物的气体。

公开(公告)号：US5720785A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-24

申请号：US630953

申请日：1996-04-05

Applicant: Daniel Clark Baker

Inventor： Daniel Clark Baker

IPC: C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C10K1/002 ,  C10K1/006 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10K1/028 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1223

Abstract: The invention is a method for reducing the hydrogen cyanide and ammonia content of a synthesis gas stream exiting a gasifier including mixing an iron-containing compound with a nitrogen-containing coal feed; gasifying the coal feed in the resulting mixture in an entrained flow gasifier have opposed burners under gasifying conditions thereby producing a gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and recovering the gas stream having substantially reduced amounts of hydrogen cyanide.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种减少离开气化器的合成气流中的氰化氢和氨含量的方法，包括将含铁化合物与含氮煤原料混合; 在夹带流动气化器中将所得混合物中的煤进料气化，在气化条件下具有相对的燃烧器，从而产生包含氢气和一氧化碳的气体; 并回收具有显着减少量的氰化氢的气流。

公开(公告)号：US5662052A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-02

申请号：US557656

申请日：1995-11-13

Applicant: Michael J. McIntosh ,  Gregory G. Arzoumanidis

Inventor： Michael J. McIntosh ,  Gregory G. Arzoumanidis

IPC: C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/20

CPC classification number: C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10K1/026 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/20 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2203/208 ,  F23G2203/212 ,  F23G2900/7006

Abstract: A method of destructively distilling an organic material in particulate form wherein the particulates are introduced through an inlet into one end of an inner rotating kiln ganged to and coaxial with an outer rotating kiln. The inner and outer kilns define a cylindrical annular space with the inlet being positioned in registry with the axis of rotation of the ganged kilns. During operation, the temperature of the wall of the inner rotary kiln at the inlet is not less than about 500.degree. C. to heat the particulate material to a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. in a pyrolyzing atmosphere to reduce the particulate material as it moves from the one end toward the other end. The reduced particulates including char are transferred to the annular space between the inner and the outer rotating kilns near the other end of the inner rotating kiln and moved longitudinally in the annular space from near the other end toward the one end in the presence of oxygen to combust the char at an elevated temperature to produce a waste material including ash. Also, heat is provided which is transferred to the inner kiln. The waste material including ash leaves the outer rotating kiln near the one end and the pyrolysis vapor leaves through the particulate material inlet.

Abstract translation: 一种以颗粒形式破坏性地蒸馏有机材料的方法，其中颗粒通过入口引入与外部旋转窑组合并与外部旋转窑同轴的内部旋转窑的一端。 内窑和外窑定义一个圆柱形环形空间，入口被定位成与组合窑的旋转轴线对齐。 在操作过程中，入口内部回转窑壁的温度不低于约500℃，以将颗粒材料加热至约200℃至约900℃的温度 热解气氛，以便在从一端朝向另一端移动时减小颗粒材料。 包含炭的还原颗粒被转移到内转动窑的另一端附近的内外旋转窑之间的环形空间中，并且在氧存在的情况下在环形空间中从另一端的另一端向一端纵向移动到 在高温下燃烧焦炭以产生包括灰分的废料。 此外，提供了传递到内窑的热量。 包括灰分的废料在一端附近离开外部旋转窑，并且热解蒸气通过颗粒材料入口离开。

公开(公告)号：US5656044A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-12

申请号：US486372

申请日：1995-06-07

Applicant: Norman G. Bishop ,  Ricardo Viramontes-Brown

Inventor： Norman G. Bishop ,  Ricardo Viramontes-Brown

IPC: C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J3/60

CPC classification number: C10J3/002 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10K1/003 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10K1/101 ,  C10J2200/152 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1621 ,  C10J2300/165 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1693

Abstract: A process and apparatus for gasification of organic materials (typically incorporated in domestic and industrial wastes, including auto shredder residues) to produce useful synthesis gas (with a major content CO and H.sub.2) with effectively non-toxic ash residue by means of at least one continuously operated burner, preferably stoichiometrically balanced (1:2 for natural gas/oxygen) at least at startup and shut down (optionally with some excess of oxygen, usually under steady-state conditions, such as at a ratio of 1:4 or higher, especially if the charge has well over 18% water content), directed into a primary single stage reaction zone (through an opening in common with the effluent product gas discharged therefrom such as to assure intimate contact therebetween), which zone contains a tumbling charge in a rotating barrel-shaped horizontal reactor thus heated to from about 650.degree. to about 800.degree. C. (below the incipient fusion temperature of the charge) and controlled to remain in such temperature range (by adjustment of the burner volume and fuel-to-oxygen ratio for any given charge) resulting in thermally cracking and gasifying the organic materials in the charge and reacting the complex hydrocarbons and gas evolved (1) normally with the CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O derived from burner combustion of a fuel and oxygen-containing gas at a high flame temperature, typically 2500.degree. to 3000.degree. C., (2) with excess oxygen, and/or (3) partially with H.sub.2 O or CO.sub.2 otherwise added to or, present in, the charge.

Abstract translation: 一种用于气化有机材料（通常并入家用和工业废物，包括自动粉碎机残渣）的方法和装置，以通过至少一种有效的无毒灰渣来生产有用的合成气（主要含量为CO和H 2） 至少在启动和关闭时（可选地使用一些过量的氧气，通常在稳态条件下，例如以1:4或更高的比例）连续操作的燃烧器，优选化学计量平衡（天然气/氧气为1:2） ，特别是如果电荷具有超过18％的含水量），引导到初级单级反应区（通过与从其排出的流出物产物气体相同的开口，以确保其间的紧密接触），该区域包含翻滚电荷 在旋转的桶形水平反应器中，由此加热至约650℃至约800℃（低于电荷的初始熔融温度）并控制为保持在 温度范围（通过调整任何给定电荷的燃烧器体积和燃料与氧气的比例），导致电荷中的有机材料的热裂化和气化，并使复杂烃和通常放出的气体（1）与CO 2和H 2 O 来自燃烧器和含氧气体的燃烧器燃烧，所述燃料和含氧气体在高火焰温度（通常为2500°至3000℃），（2）具有过量的氧气，和/或（3）部分地用H 2 O或CO 2加入或， 现在，收费。

公开(公告)号：US5584255A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-17

申请号：US473271

申请日：1995-06-07

Applicant: Norman G. Bishop ,  D. Gene Taylor

Inventor： Norman G. Bishop ,  D. Gene Taylor

IPC: C03B5/00 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/66 ,  F23G5/00

CPC classification number: C03B5/005 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/026 ,  F23G5/006 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1634 ,  C10J2300/1643 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2202/104 ,  Y02P40/52

Abstract: A method and apparatus for gasifying organic materials in a gasification reactor and vitrifying residual ash in a melting furnace comprising introducing a charge containing organic materials into said reactor, heating the charge sufficiently to thermally decompose and gasify the organic materials resulting in evolved gases, by means of at least one high temperature burner gas stream by combustion of a fuel with an oxygen-containing gas, to produce said synthesis gas and residual ash, introducing said residual ash from said reactor into a separate melting furnace, vitrifying said residual ash in said melting furnace by combustion of a fuel with an oxygen-containing gas, removing said vitrified ash as a solid frit product, and introducing the combustion gas from said furnace into said reactor.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在气化反应器中气化有机材料并在熔化炉中玻璃化残余灰分的方法和装置，包括将含有机材料的电荷引入所述反应器中，充分加热电荷以通过装置将所述有机材料热分解和气化，从而产生放出的气体 通过燃料与含氧气体的燃烧产生至少一个高温燃烧器气流，以产生所述合成气和残余灰分，将来自所述反应器的所述残余灰分引入到单独的熔化炉中，将所述熔融物中的所述残余灰分玻璃化 通过燃料与含氧气体的燃烧来加热，除去作为固体玻璃料产品的所述玻璃化灰，并将来自所述炉的燃烧气体引入所述反应器。

公开(公告)号：US5577346A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

申请号：US421102

申请日：1995-04-13

Applicant: Donald P. Malone

Inventor： Donald P. Malone

IPC: B09B3/00 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C21B11/08 ,  C21B13/10 ,  C10J3/06

CPC classification number: C01B3/348 ,  C01B3/10 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/723 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/025 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/1628 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  Y02E60/36

Abstract: A plural-zone molten metal iron gasifier for converting feeds containing hydrogen and carbon, such as propane, solvent deasphalted pitch, etc., into substantially pure hydrogen and CO/CO.sub.2 streams under pressure by incorporating carbo into the molten metal in a first zone or vessel, then circulating the molten metal into contact with an oxygen-containing gas in a second zone or vessel. Preferably hydrogen is primarily produced in a third zone or vessel, and carbon oxides in a second zone or vessel. A one-meter diameter vessel can produce 20 million standard cubic feet per day of hydrogen at a pressure in the range 2 to 50 atm from methane using this invention.

Abstract translation: 一种多区熔融金属铁气化器，用于将含有氢和碳的原料（例如丙烷，溶剂脱沥青等）转化为在压力下基本上纯的氢气和CO / CO 2流，在第一区域中将碳结合到熔融金属中，或 然后使熔融金属在第二区域或容器中与含氧气体接触。 优选地，氢主要在第三区域或容器中产生，并且在第二区域或容器中产生碳氧化物。 一米直径的容器可以使用本发明从甲烷在2至50大气压的范围内每天产生2000万标准立方英尺的氢气。

公开(公告)号：US5553554A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US317904

申请日：1994-10-04

Applicant: Albert E. Urich, Jr.

Inventor： Albert E. Urich, Jr.

IPC: C10J3/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23B5/00

CPC classification number: F23G5/027 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10K1/004 ,  F23G5/46 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  F23G2202/101 ,  F23G2205/10 ,  F23G2205/121 ,  F23G2209/12 ,  F23G2209/26 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  F23G2900/54402

Abstract: A waste disposal and energy recovery system and method uses sub-stoichiometric combustion to gasify waste fuels into high temperature synthetic gas. The system minimizes the amount of flue gas exiting to the atmosphere. The high temperature synthetic gas is then combusted in a gas burner. The burner can be closely coupled to a heat recovery unit to facilitate radiative heat transfer. Some flue gas can be recirculated to maintain low combustion temperatures in both the kiln and the burner. Sub-stoichiometric combustion is accomplished in the rotary kiln in a counterflow configuration.

Abstract translation: 废物处理和能量回收系统和方法采用亚化学计量燃烧将废燃料气化成高温合成气。 该系统使排出大气的烟道气量最小化。 然后将高温合成气体在气体燃烧器中燃烧。 燃烧器可以紧密地耦合到热回收单元以便于辐射热传递。 一些烟道气可以再循环以保持窑炉和燃烧器中的低燃烧温度。 在反向配置的回转窑中实现亚化学计量燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US4608059A

公开(公告)日：1986-08-26

申请号：US652760

申请日：1984-09-20

Applicant: Hans Kupfer ,  Carl Hafke

Inventor： Hans Kupfer ,  Carl Hafke

IPC: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/14 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/10

Abstract: The fuel constitutes a fixed bed in the reactor, which is provided in its lower portion with a rotating grate, which is adapted to be speed-controlled. The gasifying agents consisting of oxygen, steam and/or carbon dioxide are introduced through the rotating grate into the fixed bed. Under the action of the rotating grate the incombustible mineral constituents are delivered as solid ash to a lock chamber container. The speed of the rotating grate is controlled in dependence on the temperature in the lock chamber container. The speed will be decreased when the temperature in the lock chamber container exceeds a desired value, and increased when the temperature is too low. The desired temperature in the lock chamber container is taken into account as a range, which varies with time. The speed can be controlled by hand or can be automatically controlled with the aid of a computer. The rate at which oxygen as a gasifying agent is supplied to the reactor is also taken into account in the speed control.

Abstract translation: 燃料在反应器中构成固定床，其在其下部设置有适于进行速度控制的旋转炉排。 由氧，蒸汽和/或二氧化碳组成的气化剂通过旋转炉排引入固定床。 在旋转格栅的作用下，不可燃矿物成分作为固体灰分输送到锁室容器。 旋转炉排的速度根据锁室容器内的温度进行控制。 当锁室容器中的温度超过期望值时，速度将会降低，当温度过低时，速度会增加。 考虑到锁室容器中的期望温度作为随时间变化的范围。 速度可以手动控制，也可以通过电脑自动控制。 在速度控制中也考虑了将作为气化剂的氧气供应到反应器的速率。

公开(公告)号：US4583995A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-22

申请号：US660972

申请日：1984-10-15

Applicant: Lothar Winckler ,  Klaus Fuhrmann ,  Ulrich Graeser ,  Peter Wenning

Inventor： Lothar Winckler ,  Klaus Fuhrmann ,  Ulrich Graeser ,  Peter Wenning

IPC: C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10J3/06

CPC classification number: C10G1/02 ,  C10G1/006

Abstract: A method of producing synthesis gas from coal hydrogenation residues, wherein a coal hydrogenation residue is subjected to a reduced pressure distillation in a one-shaft or multishaft worm apparatus where the gases and vapors evolved are withdrawn and the unvolatilized remaining material is re-pressurized and is then introduced into a gasification reaction.

Abstract translation: 一种从煤加氢残余物生产合成气的方法，其中将煤氢化残余物在单轴或多叶蜗杆装置中进行减压蒸馏，其中放出气体和蒸气，并且将未蒸发的剩余材料重新加压， 然后引入气化反应。

公开(公告)号：US4551155A

公开(公告)日：1985-11-05

申请号：US511767

申请日：1983-07-07

Applicant: Bernard J. Wood ,  Robert D. Brittain ,  Kenneth M. Sancier

Inventor： Bernard J. Wood ,  Robert D. Brittain ,  Kenneth M. Sancier

IPC: B01J23/04 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/06

CPC classification number: B01J23/04 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y10S44/905

Abstract: A carbonaceous material, such as crushed coal, is admixed or impregnated with an inexpensive alkali metal compound, such as sodium chloride, and then pretreated with a stream containing steam at a temperature of 350.degree. to 650.degree. C. to enhance the catalytic activity of the mixture in a subsequent gasification of the mixture. The treatment may result in the transformation of the alkali metal compound into another, more catalytically active, form.

Abstract translation: 将碳质材料如粉煤与诸如氯化钠的便宜的碱金属化合物混合或浸渍，然后在含有蒸汽的流中在350至650℃的温度下预处理以提高催化活性 混合物随后气化混合物。 处理可能导致碱金属化合物转化为另一种更具催化活性的形式。