公开(公告)号：US20070021713A1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-25

申请号：US10548950

申请日：2004-07-21

Applicant: Atul Kumar ,  Alka Kumar

Inventor： Atul Kumar ,  Alka Kumar

IPC: A61M1/00

CPC classification number: A61M3/0258 ,  A61M1/006 ,  A61M3/0216 ,  A61M3/0229 ,  A61M3/0262 ,  A61M2205/3337

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a method for distending a body tissue cavity of a subject by continuous flow irrigation such that minimal or negligible fluid turbulence is present inside the cavity, such that any desired cavity pressure can be created and maintained for any desired outflow rate. The present invention also provides a method for accurately determining the rate of fluid loss, into the subject's body system, during any endoscopic procedure without utilizing any deficit weight or fluid volume calculation or flow rate sensor. The system and the methods of the present invention described above can be used in any endoscopic procedure requiring continuous flow irrigation few examples of such endoscopic procedures being hysteroscopic surgery, arthroscopic surgery, trans uretheral surgery, endoscopic surgery of the brain and endoscopic surgery of the spine.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种系统和方法，用于通过连续流动冲洗来膨胀受试者的身体组织腔，使得在腔内存在最小或可忽略的流体湍流，使得可以产生任何期望的腔压力并保持任何期望的流出 率。 本发明还提供了一种用于在任何内窥镜程序期间精确地确定流体损失进入受检者体内系统的方法，而不使用任何赤字重量或流体体积计算或流量传感器。 上述本发明的系统和方法可用于需要连续流动灌洗的任何内窥镜程序中，这种内窥镜手术的例子是宫腔镜手术，关节镜手术，经皮穿刺手术，脑内窥镜手术和脊柱内窥镜手术 。

公开(公告)号：US07094661B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-22

申请号：US10815994

申请日：2004-03-31

Applicant: Chung J. Lee ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Chung J. Lee ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: H01L21/76

CPC classification number: H01L21/76825 ,  H01L21/76807 ,  H01L21/76826 ,  H01L21/76828 ,  H01L21/76829 ,  H01L21/76832

Abstract: A method of forming an electrically conductive element in an integrated circuit is disclosed. The method includes depositing a composite polymer dielectric film onto a silicon-containing substrate, wherein the composite polymer dielectric film includes a silane-containing adhesion promoter layer formed on the silicon-containing substrate, and a low dielectric constant polymer layer formed on the adhesion promoter layer, depositing a silane-containing hard mask layer onto the composite polymer dielectric film, exposing the adhesion promoter layer and the hard mask layer to a free radical-generating energy source to chemically bond the adhesion promoter layer to the underlying silicon-containing substrate and to the low dielectric constant polymer layer, and to chemically bond the composite polymer dielectric film to the hard mask layer, etching an etched feature in the hard mask layer and the composite polymer dielectric film, and depositing an electrically conductive material in the etched feature.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种在集成电路中形成导电元件的方法。 该方法包括将复合聚合物电介质膜沉积到含硅衬底上，其中复合聚合物电介质膜包括在含硅衬底上形成的含硅烷的粘合促进剂层，以及形成在粘合促进剂上的低介电常数聚合物层 将含硅烷的硬掩模层沉积到复合聚合物电介质膜上，将粘附促进剂层和硬掩模层暴露于自由基产生能量源以将粘附促进剂层化学键合到下面的含硅基材上;以及 到低介电常数聚合物层，并且将复合聚合物电介质膜化学键合到硬掩模层，蚀刻硬掩模层和复合聚合物电介质膜中的蚀刻特征，以及在蚀刻特征中沉积导电材料。

公开(公告)号：US07092936B1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

申请号：US09933905

申请日：2001-08-22

Applicant: Omar Alonso ,  Atul Kumar

Inventor： Omar Alonso ,  Atul Kumar

IPC: G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30 ,  G06F17/00

CPC classification number: G06F17/30672 ,  Y10S707/917 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99935 ,  Y10S707/99936 ,  Y10S707/99943

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for performing searching that generates improved queries, retrieves meaningful and relevant information, and presents the retrieved information to the user in a useful and comprehensive manner is described. The method of searching comprises the steps of: receiving from a user a search query requesting information, retrieving at least one recommendation relating to the search query, generating an expanded query based on the received query, performing a search using the expanded query to retrieve documents, and generating themes relating to the retrieved documents. The at least one recommendation relating to the search query is retrieved from a recommendation database. The recommendation database is generated by performing the steps of: performing data mining using users search query logs, user search patterns, and user profile information to generate a plurality of recommendations relating to search query strings, generating a data structure including the recommendations relating to search query strings, and generating a text index based on information in the data structure.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于执行产生改进查询的搜索，检索有意义的和相关信息并以有用和全面的方式向用户呈现检索到的信息的方法，系统和计算机程序产品。 搜索方法包括以下步骤：从用户接收请求信息的搜索查询，检索与搜索查询相关的至少一个建议，基于接收的查询生成扩展查询，使用扩展查询执行搜索以检索文档 并产生与检索到的文档有关的主题。 从推荐数据库检索关于搜索查询的至少一个建议。 通过执行以下步骤生成推荐数据库：使用用户搜索查询日志，用户搜索模式和用户简档信息执行数据挖掘以生成与搜索查询字符串相关的多个建议，生成包括与搜索有关的建议的数据结构 查询字符串，并根据数据结构中的信息生成文本索引。

公开(公告)号：US07081465B2

公开(公告)日：2006-07-25

申请号：US10693098

申请日：2003-10-27

Applicant: Devdutt Chaturvedi ,  Atul Kumar ,  Reema Rastogi ,  Arivend Srivastava ,  Priti Tewari ,  Rehan Ahmad ,  Ramaesh Chander ,  Anju Puri ,  Geetika Bhatia ,  Farhar Rivizvi ,  Anil Kumar Rastogi ,  Suprabhat Ray

Inventor： Devdutt Chaturvedi ,  Atul Kumar ,  Reema Rastogi ,  Arivend Srivastava ,  Priti Tewari ,  Rehan Ahmad ,  Ramaesh Chander ,  Anju Puri ,  Geetika Bhatia ,  Farhar Rivizvi ,  Anil Kumar Rastogi ,  Suprabhat Ray

IPC: C07C217/14 ,  C07D295/088 ,  A61K31/138 ,  A61K31/445

CPC classification number: C07D295/088 ,  C07C217/16 ,  C07C217/84

Abstract: This invention relates to novel {overscore (ω)}-substituted-naphthyloxy-amino alkanes, their preparation and use as antihyperglycemic agents and for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disorders (CVS) such as lipid lowering effects.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及新型的超核心（ω-取代的 - 萘氧基 - 氨基烷烃，其制备和用作抗高血糖药物以及用于治疗和预防心血管疾病（CVS）如降脂作用。

公开(公告)号：US20050274322A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-15

申请号：US11155209

申请日：2005-06-16

Applicant: Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar ,  Chieh Chen

Inventor： Chung Lee ,  Atul Kumar ,  Chieh Chen

IPC: B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B05D1/00 ,  B05D3/02 ,  B05D3/06 ,  B05D7/24 ,  B29C71/02 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08L65/00 ,  C08L65/04 ,  C23C16/452 ,  F28D17/00 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01L21/768 ,  H01L23/532 ,  C23C16/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/1887 ,  B01J2219/00153 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B05D1/007 ,  B05D1/60 ,  B05D3/0254 ,  B05D3/061 ,  B05D3/062 ,  B29C71/02 ,  B29C2071/022 ,  B29C2071/025 ,  B29C2071/027 ,  C08G61/02 ,  C08G61/025 ,  C08G2261/3424 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C08J2365/04 ,  C08L65/00 ,  C08L65/04 ,  C23C16/452 ,  F28D17/005 ,  H01L21/0212 ,  H01L21/02271 ,  H01L21/312 ,  H01L21/3127 ,  H01L23/53238 ,  H01L23/5329 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/09701 ,  H01L2924/12044 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A reactor for forming a reactive intermediate for a transport polymerization process is disclosed, wherein the reactor includes an exterior unit having an inlet, an outlet, and an interior disposed between the inlet and the outlet; a heater body located in said interior, wherein the heater body is at least partially conductively insulated from said reactor; an energy source coupled outside said reactor for providing energy to said heater body via radiative heat transfer; and an interior surface located in the interior, wherein the interior surface is at least partially formed from a material M that reacts with at least one of X and Y to remove at least one of X and Y from the precursor thereby forming the reactive intermediate and at least one of a compound MaYb and a compound McXd.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于形成用于运输聚合方法的反应性中间体的反应器，其中所述反应器包括具有入口，出口和设置在所述入口和所述出口之间的内部的外部单元; 位于所述内部的加热器主体，其中所述加热器主体至少部分地与所述反应器导电绝缘; 耦合在所述反应器外部的能量源，用于经由辐射热传递向所述加热器主体提供能量; 以及位于所述内部的内表面，其中所述内表面至少部分地由与所述X和Y中的至少一个反应的材料M形成，以从所述前体中除去X和Y中的至少一个，从而形成所述反应性中间体， 化合物M a a B b和化合物M C x D 2中的至少一个。

公开(公告)号：US06501870B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-31

申请号：US09518301

申请日：2000-03-03

Applicant: Sonali Banerjee ,  Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  Yan Sun

Inventor： Sonali Banerjee ,  Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  Yan Sun

IPC: G02B628

CPC classification number: H04B10/2935 ,  H04B10/2537

Abstract: The effects of optical impairments on optical signal transmission are substantially reduced in a lightwave transmission system by positioning optical amplifiers and network elements in respective upstream-downstream combinations. By placing an optical amplifier at a position upstream from its corresponding network element, sufficient amplification can be provided by the optical amplifier to compensate for losses introduced by its corresponding network element. Advantageously, the corresponding downstream network element provides sufficient attenuation of the forward travelling lightwave signals so that power-dependent nonlinear effects in the optical fiber do not significantly distort the lightwave signals. Moreover, because of the downstream location of the network element in relation to its corresponding network element, the network element substantially suppresses backward travelling optical signal components such as those caused by Rayleigh backscattering, Stimulated Brillioun Scattering (SBS), and the like. As such, the network element prevents unwanted back reflections and back scattered signals from affecting operation of its corresponding optical amplifier.

Abstract translation: 通过将光放大器和网络元件定位在相应的上游 - 下游组合中，光学损伤对光信号传输的影响在光波传输系统中显着降低。 通过将光放大器放置在其相应网元上游的位置处，光放大器可以提供足够的放大以补偿由其对应的网元引入的损耗。 有利地，相应的下游网络元件提供前向行进的光波信号的足够衰减，使得光纤中的功率相关非线性效应不会使光波信号显着失真。 此外，由于网元相对于其对应的网元的下游位置，网元基本上抑制了由瑞利后向散射，刺激亮度散射（SBS）等引起的反向行进光信号分量。 因此，网络元件防止不必要的反射反射和反向散射的信号影响其对应的光放大器的操作。

公开(公告)号：US06446260B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-03

申请号：US09576657

申请日：2000-05-22

Applicant: Martin Wilde ,  Thomas Ashby ,  Atul Kumar Mathur

Inventor： Martin Wilde ,  Thomas Ashby ,  Atul Kumar Mathur

IPC: G06F9445

CPC classification number: G06F8/61 ,  G06F9/44505

Abstract: A method an apparatus for providing personalization parameters to allow an operating system to install itself on a computer system with the provided personalization parameters. A first operating system personalization file is used by the operating system to configure itself. A personalization parameters file is provided and read by an operating system installation process which is initiated in the computer system. The operating system installation process then displays a graphical user interface from which a user to selects personalization parameters with which the operating system is to configure itself. An editing module is executed to edit the operating system configuration file to include at least a portion of the selected personalization parameters so that the operating system is configured with the selected personalization parameters when it installs itself.

Abstract translation: 一种用于提供个性化参数以允许操作系统将其自身安装在具有所提供的个性化参数的计算机系统上的装置的方法。 操作系统使用第一个操作系统个性化文件进行配置。 通过在计算机系统中启动的操作系统安装过程提供和读取个性化参数文件。 然后，操作系统安装过程显示图形用户界面，用户从该界面选择操作系统将配置自身的个性化参数。 执行编辑模块以编辑操作系统配置文件以包括所选择的个性化参数的至少一部分，使得操作系统在安装自身时被配置有所选择的个性化参数。

公开(公告)号：US06381560B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09457966

申请日：1999-12-09

Applicant: Virendra S Shah ,  Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  James William Sulhoff ,  Yan Sun ,  Liyan Zhang

Inventor： Virendra S Shah ,  Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  James William Sulhoff ,  Yan Sun ,  Liyan Zhang

IPC: G16F1750

CPC classification number: H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/1608

Abstract: A method of modeling erbium doped fiber (“EDF”) for use in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (“EDFA”). The EDF has a length and a fractional population density of erbium ions in an excited state. Since the EDF supports N channels, the power propagation along the EDF is characterized by N+1 differential equations as a function of the direction of propagation, z, of the channels along the length l of the EDF and the time t. By applying an average inversion model to a spatially averaged inversion level of the erbium ions in the fiber, the N+1 partial differential equations are reduced to a single ordinary differential equation. This allows an analytical solution at the boundary and initial conditions of the fiber so that an expression for the power of the signal propagating along the fiber can be obtained. With this expression, the single equation can be solved analytically for the inversion level at any point along the EDF.

Abstract translation: 对掺铒光纤放大器（“EDFA”）中使用的掺铒光纤（“EDF”）进行建模的方法。 EDF具有处于激发态的铒离子的长度和分数种群密度。 由于EDF支持N个信道，沿着EDF的功率传播的特征在于沿着EDF的长度l和时间t的信道的传播方向z的函数的N + 1个微分方程。 通过将平均反演模型应用于光纤中铒离子的空间平均反演水平，将N + 1偏微分方程简化为单个常微分方程。 这允许在光纤的边界和初始条件下的解析解，使得可以获得沿着光纤传播的信号的功率的表达式。 通过这个表达式，可以在沿着EDF的任何点分析求解单个方程的反演水平。

公开(公告)号：US6151145A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US10617

申请日：1998-01-22

Applicant: Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  Thomas Huntington Wood ,  John Lehrer Zyskind

Inventor： Atul Kumar Srivastava ,  Thomas Huntington Wood ,  John Lehrer Zyskind

IPC: H04B10/12 ,  H04J14/02

CPC classification number: H04B10/2507 ,  G07F17/3262

Abstract: A two-wavelength WDM analog CATV transmission system which utilizes wavelength channel spacing of about 2.2 nm and laser-dithering. The system includes a pair of optical transmitters (DBF lasers), a pair of modulators, a dithering device, a polarization controller, a 3-dB combiner, an optical amplifier (EDFA), an attenuator, a length of optical fiber, a filter and a CATV receiver. The two lasers have wavelengths of .lambda.1 and .lambda.2, where the difference between .lambda.1 and .lambda.2 is approximately 2.2 nm. The modulators are driven with analog signals comprising 77 NTSC channels between 55.25 and 535.25 MHz A 2-GHz dithering tone is applied to the .lambda.1 laser and the output of the .lambda.2 laser is passed through the polarization controller to align the polarization of the two transmitters. The two modulated and aligned outputs are combined by the 3-dB combiner and launched into the EDFA The output of the EDFA is divided by the splitter four ways and one of the four outputs is passed through the attenuator and launched into the transmitting end of the optical fiber. The receiving end of the fiber is connected to a filter, which provides input into the CATV receiver. By utilizing a wavelength channel spacing of about 2.2 nm and dithering one of the lasers, worst-channel Composite Triple Beat distortion is reduced to -60 dBc, an acceptable level for deployment of WDM analog CATV systems.

Abstract translation: 双波长WDM模拟CATV传输系统，其使用约2.2nm的波长信道间隔和激光抖动。 该系统包括一对光发射器（DBF激光器），一对调制器，抖动装置，偏振控制器，3-dB组合器，光放大器（EDFA），衰减器，一段光纤，滤波器 和CATV接收机。 两个激光器具有λ1和λ2的波长，其中λ1和λ2之间的差值约为2.2nm。 调制器由包括55.25和535.25MHz之间的77个NTSC通道的模拟信号驱动。将2GHz抖动色调施加到λ1激光器，并且λ2激光器的输出通过偏振控制器以对准两者的极化 发射机。 两个调制和对准的输出由3 dB组合器组合并发射到EDFA中EDFA的输出由分离器四路分配，四路输出之一通过衰减器并发射到发射端 光纤。 光纤的接收端连接到滤波器，该滤波器向CATV接收机提供输入。 通过利用大约2.2nm的波长信道间隔和抖动激光之一，最差信道复合三重节拍失真降低到-60dBc，这是用于部署WDM模拟CATV系统的可接受的水平。