Abstract:
A base sheet path for peeled issue for guiding a base sheet in a direction different from a label issue port after passing a peeling section following the printing by a printing section and a base sheet path for continuous issue for guiding the base sheet to the label issue port with labels printed by the printing section stuck on the base sheet are provided. Two operating modes, namely, the label peeled issue mode in which the base sheet is set to the base sheet path for peeled issue and the label continuous issue mode in which the base sheet is set to the base sheet path for continuous issue are executed selectively. In this case, depending on the result of detection by a base sheet sensor arranged facing the base sheet path for peeled issue for detecting the presence of the base sheet, namely, depending on the setting state of the base sheet, the label peeled issue mode or the label continuous issue mode is recognized automatically for determining the issue mode. Namely, depending on the difference between the positions at which the base sheet is set in the label peeled issue mode and the label continuous issue mode, the label issue mode is recognized without adding an issue mode parameter to an issue command.
Abstract:
An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine has a first air-fuel ratio sensor arranged in an exhaust passage at a location upstream of a catalyst and a second air-fuel ratio sensor arranged in the exhaust passage at a location downstream of the catalyst. In response to an output from the first air-fuel ratio sensor, an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient is calculated for correcting an amount of fuel supplied to the engine in a manner such that an air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to the engine is converged to a desired air-fuel ratio. In response to an output from the second air-fuel ratio sensor, a desired air-fuel ratio correction amount is calculated for correcting the desired air-fuel ratio. A learned value of the desired air-fuel ratio correction amount is calculated, and the desired air-fuel ratio is corrected. Calculation of the learned value of the desired air-fuel ratio correction amount is permitted depending on a ratio between a time period over which the output from the second air-fuel ratio sensor is on a richer side with respect to a predetermined reference value and a time period over which the output from the second air-fuel ratio sensor is on a leaner side with respect to the predetermined reference value.
Abstract:
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided. The apparatus includes a first catalyst and a second catalyst. The first catalyst is provided in an exhaust passage of the engine, and can remove NOx in exhaust gases from the engine when an air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture burning in the engine is in the vicinity of the stoichiometric ratio. The second catalyst is provided downstream of the first catalyst, an can remove NOx in the exhaust gases using a reducing agent. An execution condition of a lean operation in which the air-fuel ratio is set to a lean air-fuel ratio which is leaner than the stoichiometric ratio, is determined. When switching the air-fuel ratio from an air-fuel ratio in the vicinity of the stoichiometric ratio to the lean air-fuel ratio, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to a rich air-fuel ratio which is richer than the stoichiometric ratio, during a lean transition period from the time the execution condition is satisfied. The air-fuel ratio is controlled to the lean air-fuel ratio after the lean transition period has elapsed.
Abstract:
An exhaust purification apparatus for internal combustion engine having a selective reduction catalyst that while maintaining a high NOx reduction ratio, inhibits any ammonia discharge downstream of the selective reduction catalyst. In the exhaust purification apparatus (2), a urea selective reduction catalyst (23) comprises a first selective reduction catalyst (231) and, provided downstream of the first selective reduction catalyst (231) in an exhaust passageway (11), a second selective reduction catalyst (232). Further, the exhaust purification apparatus (2) includes a urea injection unit (25) for feeding of a reducing agent upstream of the urea selective reduction catalyst (23) in the exhaust passageway (11) and an ammonia sensor (26) for detection of the ammonia concentration at a site between the first selective reduction catalyst (231) and the second selective reduction catalyst (232) in the exhaust passageway (11). The rate of urea injection, GUREA, by the urea injection unit (25) is determined so that the value of ammonia concentration, NH3CONS, detected by the ammonia sensor (26) is greater than “0.”
Abstract:
In a control apparatus for an automatic transmission, it is configured to calculate a change amount (ΔNC estimation value) of an output rotational speed of the transmission (S10); calculate an average (I phase initial average G) of the change amount of the output rotational speed over a predetermined period of an initial inertia (I) phase of shifting; calculate an average (after-shift average G) of a vehicle acceleration after the completion of the shifting, assuming that the change amount of the output rotational speed indicates the vehicle acceleration G; calculate a difference (I phase initial G) between the average of the change amount of the output rotational speed and the average of the vehicle acceleration; incrementally and decrementally correct the desired value of the transmission torque of the frictional engaging element such that the calculated difference falls within a predetermined range; and control supply of hydraulic pressure to the frictional engaging element such that it becomes the corrected desired value (S14 to S20). With this, since the vehicle acceleration at shifting is estimated and evaluated and based thereon, variation in the transmission torque of the frictional engaging element, etc., is learned, it becomes possible to fully exploit the potential of the frictional engaging element, thereby improving a feel given to the vehicle occupant(s) at shifting.
Abstract:
According to one embodiment, a coin processing apparatus, comprising: a storing section, a coin dispensing unit, a storage unit, a sensor and a drive unit. The storing section configured to house coins. The coin dispensing unit configured to dispense the coins housed in the storing section. The storage unit configured to store the coins dispensed from the coin dispensing unit. The sensor configured to detect coins in the storage unit. The drive unit configured to start driving the sensor if the coin dispensing unit starts to dispense coins, and stop driving the sensor if no dispensed coins are detected by the sensor.
Abstract:
A control apparatus that can partially identify model parameters is provided. The apparatus for controlling an object that is modeled using at least one first model parameter and at least one second model parameter comprises a partial model parameter identifier for recursively identifying the second model parameter based on an output from the object and an input into the object, and a controller for using the first model parameter that is pre-identified and the second model parameter identified by the partial model parameter identifier to determine an input into the controller so that the output from the object converges to a desired value. Since all model parameters are not required to be recursively identified, the time for causing the model parameters to converge to optimal values can be shortened. The computational complexity for the identifier can be reduced.
Abstract:
An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a lean NOx catalyst in an exhaust system is provided. The lean NOx catalyst traps NOx in exhaust gases when the exhaust gases are in an oxidizing state, and discharges the trapped NOx when the exhaust gases are in an reducing state. In this apparatus, an estimated trapped NOx amount which is an estimated value of an amount of NOx trapped in the lean NOx catalyst, is calculated using a neural network. Engine operating parameters indicative of an operating condition of the engine are input, and the neural network outputs at least one control parameter which is relevant to the lean NOx catalyst. A reducing process of the NOx trapped in the lean NOx catalyst is performed according to the estimated trapped NOx amount.
Abstract:
A control apparatus capable of ensuring high control accuracy even if a controlled object is in a transient state, when a control input is calculated based on a value obtained by correcting a value calculated by a feedforward control method using a value calculated by a feedback control method. The control apparatus calculates a fuel correction coefficient such that an output from an oxygen concentration sensor converges to a target output, and multiplies a basic injection amount by the coefficient to calculate a fuel injection amount. The basic injection amount is selected from three values according to the cause of a mapping error. Two of them are calculated by searching respective maps according to corrected throttle valve opening values and engine speed. The other is calculated by multiplying a value obtained by searching a map according to the opening and the speed by a correction coefficient.
Abstract:
A control apparatus which is capable of ensuring both high-level stability and accuracy of control and reducing manufacturing costs thereof and computation load thereon, even when controlling a controlled object having extremal characteristics or a controlled object of a multi-input multi-output system. The control apparatus is comprised of an onboard model analyzer and a cooperative controller. The onboard model analyzer, based on a controlled object model defining the relationships between an intake opening angle and an exhaust reopening angle, and an indicated mean effective pressure, calculates first and second response indices and indicative of a correlation therebetween, respectively. The cooperative controller calculates the intake opening angle and the exhaust reopening angle with predetermined algorithms such that the indicated mean effective pressure is caused to converge to its target value, and determines the increasing/decreasing rate and the increasing/decreasing direction of the aforementioned angles according to the first and second response indices.