公开(公告)号：US5984983A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

申请号：US206020

申请日：1998-12-04

Applicant: Anjali Asgaonkar ,  Haresh Doshi

Inventor： Anjali Asgaonkar ,  Haresh Doshi

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/185 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/189 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/222 ,  C10L1/224

CPC classification number: C10L1/003 ,  C10L1/1855 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/189 ,  C10L1/1895 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1905 ,  C10L1/2227 ,  C10L1/224

Abstract: Carbonyl compounds, such as ketones, aldehydes, esters, amides, anhydrides and carboxylic acids are added to a material, particularly a liquid material as markers. Subsequently the carbonyl compound(s) are identified by measuring the absorbency peak(s) of the carbonyl compounds in the mid-IR range. Carbonyl compounds soluble in non-polar solvents and substantially insoluble in water are particularly suitable for tagging and identifying petroleum fuels. For use in petroleum fuels, the carbonyl compound(s) preferably contains no element other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Digital carbonyl marker systems, i.e., systems containing two or more carbonyl compounds in predetermined ratios, can be determined quantitatively with instruments, such as SpecTrace.TM. which measure absorbance in the mid-IR region.

Abstract translation: 将羰基化合物如酮，醛，酯，酰胺，酸酐和羧酸加入到材料，特别是液体材料中作为标记物。 随后，通过测量中间IR范围内羰基化合物的吸收峰值来鉴定羰基化合物。 可溶于非极性溶剂且基本上不溶于水的羰基化合物特别适用于标记和鉴定石油燃料。 对于用于石油燃料中，羰基化合物优选不含碳，氢，氧和氮以外的元素。 数字羰基标记体系，即含有两个或多个预定比例的羰基化合物的体系可以用仪器定量测定，例如测量中红外区域的吸光度的SpecTrace TM。

公开(公告)号：US5980593A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US23729

申请日：1998-02-13

Applicant: Michael R. Friswell ,  Alejandro Zimin, Sr. ,  Peter A. Caputo

Inventor： Michael R. Friswell ,  Alejandro Zimin, Sr. ,  Peter A. Caputo

IPC: C09B57/02 ,  C09B67/44 ,  C09D7/12 ,  C09D11/00 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C09D11/02

CPC classification number: C10L1/003 ,  C09B57/02 ,  C09B67/0083 ,  C09D11/50 ,  C09D7/1233 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C08K5/1545 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/232

Abstract: Liquid petroleum products and industrial liquids are marked with highly soluble silent fluorescent markers having the formula: ##STR1## where R is selected from a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkylcarboxy radical.

Abstract translation: 液体石油产品和工业液体标有具有下式的高度可溶性沉默荧光标记物：其中R选自直链或支链C 1 -C 18烷基羧基。

公开(公告)号：US5525516B1

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US31538694

申请日：1994-09-30

Applicant: EASTMAN CHEM CO

Inventor： KRUTAK JAMES J ,  CUSHMAN MICHAEL R ,  WEAVER MAX A

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10M171/00 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: C10L1/003 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/233 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/2406 ,  C10L1/2412 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2431 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/245 ,  C10L1/2456 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/308 ,  C10M171/007 ,  G01N33/2882 ,  Y10T436/13

Abstract: This invention provides a method for imparting invisible markings for identification purposes to petroleum hydrocarbons by incorporating one or more infrared fluorescing compounds therein. Certain infrared fluorophores from the classes of squaraines (derived from squaric acid), phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines are useful in providing invisibly marked petroleum hydrocarbons such as crude oil, lubricating oils, waxes, gas oil (furnace oil), diesel oil, kerosene and in particular gasoline. The near infrared fluorophores are added to the hydrocarbons at extremely low levels and are detected by exposing the marked hydrocarbon compositions to near infrared radiation having a wavelength in the 670-850 nm range and then detecting the emitted fluorescent light via near infrared light detection means.

公开(公告)号：US5871618A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-16

申请号：US785591

申请日：1997-01-16

Applicant: Sung Rae Lee ,  Henry Kong ,  Roy B. Jeffries ,  Norman L. Arrison ,  Wlodzimierz P. Rzazewski

Inventor： Sung Rae Lee ,  Henry Kong ,  Roy B. Jeffries ,  Norman L. Arrison ,  Wlodzimierz P. Rzazewski

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10G73/00 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10M175/00 ,  C10G57/00

CPC classification number: C10M175/0033 ,  Y02E50/30

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and a process for reclaiming fuel oil from waste oil. The apparatus comprises a thermal cracking unit for cracking the high boiling hydrocarbon material into lighter, lower boiling, material so as to separate hydrocarbon vapor products from viscous materials; a condenser/heat exchanger for condensing the hydrocarbon vapor products to the liquid state; a fuel stabilization unit for chemically treating the condensates so as to give a oil product and solid sediment; and a polishing unit for forming a high quality fuel oil by physically removing solid contaminants. According to the present invention, high quality fuel oil can be obtained together with an environmentally innocuous solid ash cake, through a simple and efficient process.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于从废油回收燃料油的装置和方法。 该装置包括用于将高沸点烃材料裂化成更轻，较低沸点的材料的热裂解单元，以将烃蒸汽产物与粘性材料分离; 用于将烃蒸气产物冷凝至液态的冷凝器/热交换器; 燃料稳定单元，用于对冷凝物进行化学处理以产生油产物和固体沉淀物; 以及用于通过物理去除固体污染物形成高质量燃料油的抛光单元。 根据本发明，可以通过简单有效的方法与环境无害的固体灰饼一起获得高质量的燃料油。

公开(公告)号：US5653865A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-05

申请号：US553900

申请日：1995-11-06

Applicant: Mace T. Miyasaki

Inventor： Mace T. Miyasaki

IPC: B08B9/093 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10G17/00

CPC classification number: C10G1/00 ,  B08B9/0933 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/32

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting crude oil tank bottoms to a liquid fuel, which uses a powered cutting tool to break up crude oil sludge contained in an oil storage tank bottom, with injection of cutter stock to facilitate break up of the sludge, an extraction pump to extract the sludge mixture comminution chamber and optional added cutter stock to reduce the particle size of solids to a uniform size range, to form a blend stock, which can be used to dilute a liquid fuel in an amount that will not adversely affect its product specification, whereby substantially all of the fuel value of the sludge is recovered.

Abstract translation: 一种用于将原油罐底部转换成液体燃料的方法和装置，其使用动力切割工具来分解储油罐底部中包含的原油污泥，注入切割器料以便于污泥的分解，提取 泵以提取污泥混合物粉碎室和任选的添加的切割机料以将固体的粒度减小到均匀的尺寸范围，以形成共混料，其可用于稀释液体燃料，其量将不会不利地影响其 产品规格，从而基本上全部回收污泥的燃料值。

公开(公告)号：US5611824A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-18

申请号：US668030

申请日：1996-06-18

Applicant: William D. Stephens

Inventor： William D. Stephens

IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10L7/02

CPC classification number: C10L7/02 ,  C10L1/00 ,  Y10S977/948

Abstract: This invention involves a process for achieving more energetic fuels by ug high density fullerenes and fullerene derivatives, mixed with liquid hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative fuels. The advantages of the these materials are that they constitute a form of high density carbon which will evaporate or sublime quite easily by comparison to particles of carbon. The fullerenes, or derivatives of fullerenes, exist as molecules which are relatively volatile. These materials are generally solids and therefore easily compounded into hydrocarbon fuels slurries. The derivatives can be tailored for high solubility in hydrocarbon solvents. In addition, the fullerenes can be modified easily to adjust the oxidization susceptibility so that the residence time in the combustion zone can be shortened even further.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过使用与液体烃或烃衍生物燃料混合的高密度富勒烯和富勒烯衍生物来实现更高能燃料的方法。 这些材料的优点在于，它们构成高密度碳的形式，与碳颗粒相比，它们将相当容易地蒸发或升华。 富勒烯或富勒烯的衍生物作为相对挥发性的分子存在。 这些材料通常是固体，因此容易地混合成烃燃料浆料。 衍生物可以在烃溶剂中适应高溶解度。 此外，可以容易地修饰富勒烯以调节氧化敏感性，使得可以进一步缩短在燃烧区中的停留时间。

公开(公告)号：US5558686A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-24

申请号：US138943

申请日：1993-10-19

Applicant: William A. Lavelle, IV

Inventor： William A. Lavelle, IV

IPC: C10L1/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/00

Abstract: Methods for producing a combustible fuel product from a biological sludge are provided. A removable bulking agent is mixed with the sludge and the mixture aerobically composted under conditions effective to substantially reduce the level of pathogenic microorganisms and provide a fuel product with a heating value of about 3,800 Btu/lb after removal of the bulking agent.

Abstract translation: 提供了从生物污泥生产可燃燃料的方法。 在有效地大大降低致病微生物水平的条件下，将可移除的填充剂与污泥和有氧化肥混合，并且在除去填充剂之后提供热值约为3,800Btu / lb的燃料产品。

公开(公告)号：US5490872A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-13

申请号：US234201

申请日：1994-04-28

Applicant: Michael R. Friswell ,  Michael J. Hallisy ,  Michael P. Hinton

Inventor： Michael R. Friswell ,  Michael J. Hallisy ,  Michael P. Hinton

IPC: C09B29/095 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/226

CPC classification number: C10L1/003 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/226 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/2335

Abstract: Petroleum fuels are tagged with markers having the formula: ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are selected from H, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, halogen, cyano and nitro and R.sup.3 is selected from methyl, methoxy methoxyethoxy and morpholino.

Abstract translation: 石油燃料用具有下式的标记物标记：其中R 1和R 2选自H，甲基，乙基，甲氧基，卤素，氰基和硝基，R 3选自甲基，甲氧基甲氧基乙氧基和吗啉代。

公开(公告)号：US5487770A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-30

申请号：US321629

申请日：1994-10-12

Applicant: Rainer Dyllick-Brenzinger ,  Friedrich-Wilhelm Raulfs ,  Ulrike Schlosser ,  Karin H. Beck ,  Gerhard Scholz

Inventor： Rainer Dyllick-Brenzinger ,  Friedrich-Wilhelm Raulfs ,  Ulrike Schlosser ,  Karin H. Beck ,  Gerhard Scholz

IPC: C09B29/00 ,  C09B29/10 ,  C09B29/12 ,  C09B29/15 ,  C09B29/26 ,  C09B31/02 ,  C09B31/062 ,  C09B31/065 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/226 ,  C10L1/23 ,  C10M169/04 ,  C10M171/00 ,  C10N30/20 ,  C10N40/25 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01N33/28

CPC classification number: C09B29/12 ,  C09B29/26 ,  C09B31/062 ,  C10L1/003 ,  C10L1/226 ,  C10M171/007 ,  G01N33/2882

Abstract: Method for detecting marked mineral oils by treating the marked mineral oil with an extractant comprising water, a solvent and a base comprises using as marker an azo dye of the formula ##STR1## where ring A may be benzofused,m is from 1 to 4,X.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyano or nitro,X.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyano, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkoxycarbonyl,X.sup.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, cyano or C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -alkoxycarbonyl, andX.sup.4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, amino, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -dialkylamino or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 -monoalkylamino,as solvent a partially or completely water-miscible organic solvent, and as base an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate or a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, the use of azo dyes as markers for mineral oils, and novel azo dyes.

Abstract translation: 通过用包含水，溶剂和碱的萃取剂处理标记的矿物油来检测标记的矿物油的方法包括使用式为“IMAGE”的偶氮染料作为标记，其中环A可被苯并稠合，m为1至4， X 1是氢，C 1 -C 4 - 烷基，氰基或硝基，X 2是氢，C 1 -C 4 - 烷基，氰基，硝基，C 1 -C 4 - 烷氧基或C 1 -C 16 - 烷氧羰基，X 3是氢，C 1 -C 4烷基， 氰基或C 1 -C 16 - 烷氧基羰基，X 4是氢，羟基，取代或未取代的C 1 -C 8 - 烷基，C 1 -C 4 - 烷氧基，氨基，C 1 -C 4 - 二烷基氨基或取代或未取代的C 1 -C 16单烷基氨基，作为溶剂a 部分或完全水溶性有机溶剂，碱金属或碱土金属氢氧化物，碱金属碳酸盐或季铵氢氧化物作为碱，使用偶氮染料作为矿物油的标记物和新型偶氮染料。

公开(公告)号：US5484554A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-16

申请号：US290218

申请日：1994-08-15

Applicant: Dinh-Cuong Vuong ,  Donald D. Brooker ,  James S. Falsetti ,  James K. Wolfenbarger

Inventor： Dinh-Cuong Vuong ,  Donald D. Brooker ,  James S. Falsetti ,  James K. Wolfenbarger

IPC: B01J19/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10L1/00 ,  F23J1/00 ,  F27D3/00 ,  C01B3/22 ,  C01B3/24

CPC classification number: C10J3/485 ,  C01B3/363 ,  C10J3/526 ,  C10J2300/0983 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1625

Abstract: A selective deslagging operation is conducted in a partial oxidation reactor wherein a first predetermined portion of the reactor is selectively deslagged by derivatization while limiting derivatizing slag conditions in a second predetermined portion of the reactor. Selective deslagging can be accomplished by controlled oxidation conditions in the reactor that vary from one predetermined portion of the reactor to another. Thus, the slag present in one predetermined portion is derivatized and fluidized for removal from the reactor at a faster rate than the slag present in another portion of the reactor, which is not derivatized or is subjected to more limited derivatizing slag conditions. Derivatized slag can be differentiated from non-derivatized slag that does not flow or more limited derivatized slag that has a lower mass flow rate then the derivatized slag at conditions of controlled oxidation. The derivatized slag can then be selectively removed because it has attained a lower fluidizing temperature.

Abstract translation: 在部分氧化反应器中进行选择性除渣操作，其中反应器的第一预定部分通过衍生化选择性脱沥青，同时限制反应器的第二预定部分中的衍生化炉渣条件。 选择性脱盐可以通过在反应器的一个预定部分与另一个反应器之间的受控氧化条件来实现。 因此，存在于一个预定部分中的炉渣被衍生化并流化，以比不存在于反应器的另一部分中的炉渣更快的速率从反应器中除去，其不被衍生化或经受更有限的衍生炉渣条件。 衍生的炉渣可以与不受限制的氧化条件下不流动或更有限制的具有较低质量流量的衍生炉渣和衍生炉渣的非衍生炉渣区分开。 然后可以选择性地除去衍生的炉渣，因为它已经达到较低的流化温度。