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    Catalytic production of grignard reagents
    1.
    发明授权
    Catalytic production of grignard reagents 失效
    GRIGNARD试剂的催化生产

    公开(公告)号：US3449451A

    公开(公告)日：1969-06-10

    申请号：US3449451D

    申请日：1965-10-04

    申请人： PFIZER & CO C

    发明人： SENATORE PETER J

    IPC分类号： B01J31/02 ,  B01J31/12 ,  C07F3/02 ,  C07F7/22 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C07C17/00

    CPC分类号： C10L1/308 ,  B01J31/0247 ,  B01J31/0259 ,  B01J31/0267 ,  C07F3/02 ,  C07F7/2212

    摘要： 1,135,455. Grignard reagents; tetraalkyl tin compounds; carboxylic acids. CHAS. PFIZER & CO. Inc. 8 Sept., 1966 [4 Oct., 1965], No. 40244/66. Headings C2C and C2J. [Also in Division C5] A Grignard compound RMgX where R = alkyl with 1-18 carbon atoms, alkenyl with 2-18 carbon atoms, alkynyl with 2-18 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl and X = C1, Br or I is prepared by reacting RX and magnesium in an anhydrous, normally liquid hydrocarbon or excess RX, at a temperature between 0‹ C. and the reflux temperature of the solution, in the presence of a catalytic amount (generally 0À1-10À0%) of a trialkyl, triphenyl, tribenzyl, alkyldiphenyl or dialkylphenyl phosphite or phosphine, dialkyl formamide or a dialkyl, alkylphenyl, diphenyl or dibenzyl sulphone, the alkyl group containing 1-10 carbon atoms. The Grignard compound formed is used in this solution, e.g. in Example I valeric acid is formed from n-butyl magnesium bromide by treatment with dry ice and hydrolysing. Tetraalkyltin compounds are prepared either by adding to the solution of the Grignard compound (two stage process) or to the initial solution before reaction (one stage process) at least one tin compound R y SnX( 4-y ) where y = 0-3. The organotin compound separates in the organic layer and is extracted by stripping off the solvent. Mixed tin compounds such as dipropyl, octenyl, octadecynyl tin (Example V) are prepared by using stoichiometric amounts of n-propyl bromide, 1 -bromoctene-4, 1 -bromooctadecyne-9, stannic chloride and magnesium in anhydrous hexane in the presence of triphenyl phosphite as catalyst.

    Fuel compositions exhibiting improved fuel stability
    4.
    发明申请
    Fuel compositions exhibiting improved fuel stability 失效
    显示燃料稳定性提高的燃料组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20040237384A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-12-02

    申请号：US10722063

    申请日：2003-11-24

    发明人： William C. Orr

    IPC分类号： C10L001/12 ,  C10L001/30 ,  C10L001/28 ,  C10L001/18

    CPC分类号： C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1216 ,  C10L1/1225 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1241 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1258 ,  C10L1/1266 ,  C10L1/1275 ,  C10L1/1283 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/165 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/207 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L1/306 ,  C10L1/308 ,  C10L10/00 ,  C10L10/02 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02M25/00

    摘要： A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65null F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的燃料组合物即使在65°F下延长储存6-9个月之后，表现出最小化的水解和增加的燃料稳定性。 优选不强碱性（3.0〜10.5）的组合物更优选弱碱性至弱酸性（4.5〜8.5），最优选微酸性（6.3〜6.8），包括低级碳酸二烷基酯，燃烧改善量 含有选自铝，硼，溴，铋，铍，钙，铯，铬，钴，铜，ium，镓，锗，碘，铁，铟的至少一种元素的至少一种高加热可燃化合物， 锂，镁，锰，钼，镍，铌，氮，磷，钾，钯，铷，钠，锡，锌，镨，铼，硅，钒或混合物，以及烃类燃料。