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    Process and apparatus for treating biogenic residues, particularly sludges
    144.
    发明申请
    Process and apparatus for treating biogenic residues, particularly sludges 失效
    用于处理生物残留物，特别是污泥的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US20050247245A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-11-10

    申请号：US10840976

    申请日：2004-05-07

    申请人： Peter Ramharter ,  Harald Bayer

    发明人： Peter Ramharter ,  Harald Bayer

    IPC分类号： F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/02 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/00 ,  F23J15/00 ,  F26B3/34 ,  F26B23/00 ,  F26B25/00

    CPC分类号： F26B25/005 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G5/02 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G7/001 ,  F23G2201/10 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2206/20 ,  F23J15/006 ,  F26B23/002 ,  F26B23/007 ,  F26B2200/18 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02P70/40 ,  Y02P70/405

    摘要： The invention relates to a process and apparatus for treating biogenic residues, particularly sludges, preferably in the area of a clarification plant. Biogenic residues with a variable dry substance are subjected to aerobic drying until an energy-independent thermal treatment can be carried out. During the drying process, evaporated water is discharged in an odor-free condition without releasing freely volatile components, the dried sludge is intermediately stored a number of times and then utilized in preferably a number of successive thermal treatment steps. The two-stage cleaning of the stream of waste gas includes a dust collection unit and an adsorption unit. The waste heat is recycled through a heat exchanger to generate heat and electricity. The apparatus for carrying out the process includes a wet sludge storage container (1), a low temperature drying system (2), storage containers (3, 5) for intermediate storage of the dried biogenic residues, and a thermal treatment system with one or more thermal treatment steps (7, 8). Cleaning of the flue gas takes place preferably by means of a primary cleaning step (10) and a secondary cleaning step (11) for adsorption, for example, with clarified water. Energy recovery (9) from the hot waste gas is ideally carried out before the flue gas cleaning.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于处理生物源残留物，特别是淤泥的方法和装置，优选在澄清植物区域。 将具有可变干物质的生物残留物进行需氧干燥，直到进行能量无关的热处理。 在干燥过程中，蒸发的水在无气味的条件下排出，而不释放挥发性成分，干燥的污泥中间储存多次，然后优选使用多个连续的热处理步骤。 废气流的二级清洗包括集尘单元和吸附单元。 废热通过热交换器再循环以产生热量和电力。 用于执行该方法的装置包括湿污泥储存容器（1），低温干燥系统（2），用于中间储存干燥的生物残留物的储存容器（3,5）和具有一个或多个 更多的热处理步骤（7,8）。 烟道气的清洁优选通过初级清洁步骤（10）和用于例如用澄清水吸附的二级清洁步骤（11）进行。 热废气的能量回收（9）理想地在烟气净化前进行。

    Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use
    145.
    发明申请
    Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use 失效
    热解气化系统及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US20050109603A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-26

    申请号：US10719549

    申请日：2003-11-21

    申请人： Robert Graham

    发明人： Robert Graham

    IPC分类号： F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/24 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G5/50 ,  C10B51/00

    CPC分类号： C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/34 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2200/158 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1876 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/24 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2206/202 ,  F23G2207/101 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02E50/12 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02P20/124 ,  Y02P20/129

    摘要： Pyrolyzing gasification system and method of use including primary combustion of non-uniform solid fuels such as biomass and solid wastes within a refractory lined gasifier, secondary combustion of primary combustion gas within a staged, cyclonic, refractory lined oxidizer, and heat energy recovery from the oxidized flue gas within an indirect air-to-air all-ceramic heat exchanger or external combustion engine. Primary combustion occurs at low substoichoimetric air percentages of 10-30 percent and at temperatures below 1000 degrees F. Secondary combustion is staged and controlled for low NOx formation and prevention of formation of CO, hydrocarbons, and VOCs. The gasifier includes a furnace bed segmented into individual cells, each cell is independently monitored using a ramp temperature probe, and provided with controlled air injection. Gasifier air injection includes tuyere arrays, lances, or both. The oxidizer includes three serially aligned stages separated by air injecting baffles, and ability to adjust the exit air temperature.

    摘要翻译： 热解气化系统和使用方法，包括在耐火材料衬里气化器内的非均匀固体燃料如生物质和固体废物的初级燃烧，分级，旋风，耐火衬里氧化剂中的一级燃烧气体的二次燃烧和从 间接空气 - 空气全陶瓷换热器或外燃机中的氧化烟气。 初级燃烧发生在10-30％低于1000°F的低次光气空气百分比下，二级燃烧分级和控制，用于低NOx形成和防止CO，烃和VOC的形成。 气化器包括分段成单个电池的炉床，每个电池使用斜坡温度探头独立监测，并提供受控空气注入。 气化器空气注入包括风口阵列，喷枪或两者。 氧化剂包括由空气注入隔板分开的三个串联排列的阶段，以及调节出口空气温度的能力。

    Generation of electricity from waste material
    146.
    发明授权
    Generation of electricity from waste material 失效
    从废料中产生电力

    公开(公告)号：US6149773A

    公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

    申请号：US768028

    申请日：1996-12-13

    申请人： Anthony John Grimshaw ,  Maurice Edward George Maton

    发明人： Anthony John Grimshaw ,  Maurice Edward George Maton

    IPC分类号： C10B1/10 ,  C10B53/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/20 ,  F23G5/44 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23J15/02 ,  B09B3/00 ,  C10B1/00 ,  C10B47/00

    CPC分类号： F23G5/46 ,  C10B1/10 ,  C10B53/00 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/20 ,  F23G5/444 ,  F23J15/02 ,  F23G2202/30 ,  F23G2205/10 ,  F23G2205/121 ,  F23G2205/14 ,  F23G2206/203 ,  F23J2217/10 ,  F23J2217/40 ,  Y02E20/12

    摘要： Apparatus (1) for producing gaseous energy which may be used as fuel for driving electricity generating means comprises an oven (2), a ram (11) for feeding gas-producing waste material to the oven (2), gas burners (5) for heating the waste material while in the oven (2), and a collection vessel (25) for collecting gaseous fuel liberated by heating the waste material. The oven (2) and waste material feeder duct (7) connected thereto are of airtight construction, so that combustion of the waste material is not allowed to take place. The airtight oven (2) has a central gasifier section (15) having an inlet end (15a) and an outlet end (15b). The feeder duct (7) is connected to the inlet end (15a) and an outlet duct (16) is connected to the outlet end (15b). The outlet duct (16) extends into the collection vessel (25), which has an upper end housing a gas filter (26) and a lower end connected to an ash receptacle (27). Gaseous fuel passing through the filter (26) enters a discharge fine (29) connected to a gas chiller unit (30). The unit (30) has a hot water/steam outlet (35), a cold water inlet (36), and a gas/vapor outlet (37) which discharges to a gas/water separator (38) wherein condensate (39) is collected, and gaseous fuel allowed to leave by way of a discharge line (40). The gas discharge line (40) incorporates a branch line (47) whereby usable gas is led away for combustion for driving the electricity generating means and a further branch line (48) whereby gas is fed to the oven burners (5) by way of a regulator valve (49) and a gas burner control unit (50).

    摘要翻译： 用于产生可用作驱动发电装置的燃料的气态能量的装置（1）包括炉（2），用于将气体生产废料输送到炉（2）的气缸（11），气体燃烧器（5） 用于在烘箱（2）中加热废料，以及用于收集通过加热废料而释放的气体燃料的收集容器（25）。 与其连接的烤箱（2）和废料进料管（7）具有气密结构，从而不允许废料的燃烧。 气密炉（2）具有具有入口端（15a）和出口端（15b）的中心气化器部分（15）。 进料管（7）连接到入口端（15a），出口管（16）连接到出口端（15b）。 出口管道（16）延伸进入收集容器（25），其具有容纳气体过滤器（26）的上端和连接到灰容器（27）的下端。 通过过滤器（26）的气体燃料进入连接到气体冷却器单元（30）的排出孔（29）。 单元（30）具有热水/蒸汽出口（35），冷水入口（36）和排放到气/水分离器（38）的气/蒸汽出口（37），其中冷凝物（39）是 收集的气体燃料和允许通过排放管线（40）离开的气态燃料。 气体排放管线（40）包括分支管线（47），由此可用的气体被引出用于燃烧用于驱动发电装置和另外的分支管线（48），由此气体通过以下方式供给到炉内燃烧器（5） 调节阀（49）和气体燃烧器控制单元（50）。

    Fluidized-bed reactor
    147.
    发明授权
    Fluidized-bed reactor 失效
    流化床反应器

    公开(公告)号：US6139805A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

    申请号：US752440

    申请日：1996-11-14

    申请人： Shuichi Nagato ,  Takahiro Oshita

    发明人： Shuichi Nagato ,  Takahiro Oshita

    IPC分类号： F22B31/00 ,  F23C10/20 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G5/46 ,  B01J8/18

    CPC分类号： F22B31/0092 ,  F23C10/20 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2203/503

    摘要： A fluidized-bed reactor is suitable for uniformly oxidizing, i.e. combusting or gasifying, solid material containing combustible material and incombustible material, and for stably recovering thermal energy from the oxidized combustible material while smoothly discharging the incombustible material. The fluidized-bed reactor comprises a plurality of fluidizing gas diffusion devices disposed at a bottom of a fluidized-bed furnace for imparting different fluidizing speeds to the fluidized medium in a fluidized bed in the fluidized-bed furnace to form an upward flow of the fluidized medium in a fluidizing region with a substantially high fluidizing speed of the fluidized medium and a descending flow of the fluidized medium in a fluidizing region with a substantially low fluidizing speed of the fluidized medium. A plate-like thermal energy recovery device is disposed in the fluidizing region with the substantially low fluidizing speed of the fluidized medium and has a heat recovery surface extending vertically.

    摘要翻译： 流化床反应器适用于均匀氧化，即燃烧或气化含有可燃材料和不燃材料的固体材料，并且用于在平滑地排放不燃物质的同时稳定地从氧化的可燃材料回收热能。 流化床反应器包括设置在流化床炉底部的多个流化气体扩散装置，用于在流化床炉中的流化床中向流化介质施加不同的流化速度以形成流化床 介质在流化介质的流化速度基本上高的流化区域中，流化介质在流化介质的下降流动中具有流化介质的基本上低的流化速度。 板状热能回收装置以流化介质的基本上低的流化速度设置在流化区域中，并且具有垂直延伸的热回收表面。

    Method and apparatus for producing superheated steam using heat from the incineration of waste material
    148.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for producing superheated steam using heat from the incineration of waste material 失效
    使用废物焚烧的热量生产过热蒸汽的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US6133499A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-17

    申请号：US945591

    申请日：1998-01-12

    申请人： Hirotoshi Horizoe ,  Yoshihito Shimizu ,  Jun Sato ,  Shizuo Yasuda ,  Yuji Kaihara ,  Yoshimasa Kawami

    发明人： Hirotoshi Horizoe ,  Yoshihito Shimizu ,  Jun Sato ,  Shizuo Yasuda ,  Yuji Kaihara ,  Yoshimasa Kawami

    IPC分类号： F22B31/04 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G5/46 ,  A62D3/00 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B09B3/00 ,  F23B7/00 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F27B15/00 ,  F27B15/08 ,  F27B15/14

    CPC分类号： F23G5/027 ,  F22B31/045 ,  F23G5/30 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y10S423/18 ,  Y10S588/90

    摘要： According to the present invention, boiler water is pressurized so that its boiling point is set at approximately 200.degree. C. to 320.degree. C. The boiler water is heated in at least two stages. Thermal energy of gases containing chlorine compounds is used to heat the water to its boiling point. Thermal energy of gases which do not contain chlorine compounds is used to heat the water from its boiling point until superheated steam of a given temperature is generated. The heating which uses the thermal energy of gases containing chlorine compounds is accomplished using the thermal energy from the combustion of pyrolysis gases obtained from a pyrolysis means in which waste material is supplied into a chamber containing a fluidized bed medium which has been heated to at least 300.degree. C., and a pyrolytic reaction is induced. The heating which uses the thermal energy of gases which do not contain chlorine compounds is accomplished using the thermal energy obtained from a char combustion means to combust char in which a char mixture consisting of unpyrolyzed residue and fluidized bed medium removed from the pyrolysis means is fluidized by a stream of air, and the unpyrolyzed residue is combusted.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP97 / 00573 Sec。 371日期：1998年1月12日 102（e）日期1998年1月12日PCT 1997年2月27日PCT PCT。 第WO97 / 32161号公报 日期1997年9月4日根据本发明，锅炉水被加压使其沸点设定在约200℃至320℃。锅炉水至少分两个阶段加热。 使用含氯化合物的气体的热能将水加热至其沸点。 不含氯化合物的气体的热能用于从其沸点加热水，直到产生给定温度的过热蒸汽。 使用含氯化合物的气体的热能的加热使用从热解装置获得的热解气体的燃烧产生的热能来实现，其中废物被供给到含有流化床介质的室中，所述流化床介质已被加热至少 300℃，引发热解反应。 使用不含氯化合物的气体的热能的加热是使用从焦炭燃烧装置获得的热能来实现的，以燃烧焦炭，其中由热裂解装置除去的未裂化残余物和流化床介质组成的焦炭混合物流化 通过空气流，未燃烧的残余物燃烧。

    Process and device for producing and utilizing gas from waste materials
    149.
    发明授权
    Process and device for producing and utilizing gas from waste materials 失效
    用于生产和利用废料气体的工艺和装置

    公开(公告)号：US6067916A

    公开(公告)日：2000-05-30

    申请号：US978839

    申请日：1997-11-26

    申请人： Johannes Martin ,  Michael Busch

    发明人： Johannes Martin ,  Michael Busch

    IPC分类号： F23L7/00 ,  C10J3/20 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23G5/50 ,  F23L1/00 ,  F23B5/02 ,  F23G5/12 ,  F23G15/00

    CPC分类号： F23L7/007 ,  C10J3/20 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/16 ,  F23G5/46 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2202/101 ,  F23G2203/101 ,  F23L2900/07006 ,  Y02E20/322 ,  Y02E20/344 ,  Y02P20/129

    摘要： In a process for gasifying and burning waste materials, the waste materials are introduced into an incinerator (1) and end up on a burning grate (6) to which combustion air is conducted through various undergrate forced draft chambers (8a to 8e). In the first area combustion air is introduced at a superstoichiometric level in order to ignite the waste materials. Then, via the undergrate forced draft chambers (8c to 8e), oxygen is mixed into the air which is used for the gasification, thereby establishing a substoichiometric level which results in gasification of the waste materials. The combustible gases which result from this process pass via a waste gas flue (12) into a second furnace (2), in which the gases are burned at a superstoichiometric level through the introduction of combustion air. The resulting waste gases pass to a heat exchanger (3).

    摘要翻译： 在废气的气化和燃烧过程中，废料被引入焚烧炉（1），最终放在燃烧炉篦（6）上，燃烧的空气通过各种落地的强制通风室（8a至8e）进入。 在第一区域，燃烧空气以超化学计量级引入，以点燃废料。 然后，通过底部强制通风室（8c至8e），将氧气混合到用于气化的空气中，由此建立导致废料气化的亚化学计量水平。 由该过程产生的可燃气体经由废气烟道（12）进入第二炉（2），其中气体通过引入燃烧空气以超化学计量水平燃烧。 所得废气通过热交换器（3）。