Abstract:
An electron beam focusing means including a grid cap and accelerating lenses is provided. To permit a small change of voltage on the grid cap to overcome the defocusing effect of a great change in voltage on the accelerating electrodes, a short focal length accelerating lens is positioned in the front focal length of the long focal length lens constituted by the high voltage accelerating electrodes.
Abstract:
An electron-gun structure for wide bandwidth applications having a coaxial line input where the center conductor is the cathode heater and is provided with an internal transformer, the outer conductor is used to carry the signal to a modulating grid mounted near the cathode.
Abstract:
An electron injector wherein a stream of electrons is emitted from a gridded thermionic emitter into a region between two electrodes. An electric field alternating at a microwave frequency is applied between the electrodes, and the electron stream leaves the thermionic emitter parallel to this field. A steady magnetic field is applied across the region in a direction that is transverse to the electric field. The combined effects of the microwave electric field and the steady magnetic field on the electron stream are such that the stream becomes focused into a bunch that follows a quasi-cycloidal orbit in which the electrons strike a secondary emitter from which an amplified bunch of electrons is emitted to follow a similar orbit, to be further focused into a bunch and to strike another secondary emitter. This process is repeated until the desired intensity is achieved whereupon the final bunch of electrons is injected into an electron accelerator during the final orbit.