Abstract:
In an off-axis levelling procedure a height map of the substrate is generated at a measurement station. The height map is referenced to a physical reference surface of the substrate table. The physical reference surface may be a surface in which is inset a transmission image sensor. At the exposure station the height of the physical reference surface is measured and related to the focal plane of the projection lens. The height map can then be used to determine the optimum height and/or tilt of substrate table to position the exposure area on the substrate in best focus during exposure. The same principles can be applied to (reflective) masks.
Abstract:
Platelet contractile force and/or clot elastic modulus measurements are used to identify patients at risk for atherosclerosis or for bleeding during surgical procedures or other applications. Measurements which are elevated are indicative of atherosclerosis, and measurements which are reduced are indicative of a bleeding risk.
Abstract:
Disclosed are apparatus and method for a golf swing training club. The golf swing training club may include, a shaft, a grip connected to one end of the shaft, a clubhead connected to the other end of the shaft, and a weight coupled to the shaft, where the weight slides along the shaft during the golf swing. The club may include a release mechanism that is connected to the shaft. The release mechanism releases the weight when a centrifugal force is applied on the club. The method for using the golf swing training club may include swinging the club, and causing the weight to slide along the shaft during the golf swing. The method may include releasing the weight from the release mechanism when the centrifugal force is applied to the club.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to use of fibrin as an extracellular matrix and, together with cells, its use in forming engineered tissue. The engineered tissue can include the synthetic manufacture of specific organs or “organ-like” tissue. A preferred embodiment is a plasma-derived fibrin matrix containing cells.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a process and apparatus for improving the catalyst life and efficiency in a gas flow catalyst bed reactor assembly. The reactor comprises an outer reaction vessel, an inner displacement cylinder, and an annular catalyst bed surrounding the displacement cylinder having a top half and a bottom half. Fluid flow improvement is achieved by adding at least one baffle to the top half of the displacement cylinder to improve uniformity of fluid flow in the reaction vessel and across the catalyst bed. Also disclosed is a process for improving fluid flow uniformity in a gas phase reactor comprising an outer reaction vessel, an inner displacement vessel having a top half and a bottom half and a reaction outer surface and an inert inner space, and an annular catalyst bed. The process comprises conducting fluid flow simulations using actual reactor conditions. During simulation, baffles are added on the outer reaction surface of the displacement reactor to improve simulated fluid flow. The baffles are added to the displacement cylinder by entering the inner inert space of the cylinder and attaching the baffles to the reaction outer surface from the inner inert space. The process allows the modification of existing reactors without disassembling the reactor.
Abstract:
Blood clot analysis instrumentation used to evaluate platelet function and clot structure by monitoring force development during clot retraction or upon application of a known amount of force can have a calibration check automatically performed by using a top member with a known amount of mass which is detachable from the instrumentation, and preferably is a disposable component. The calibration check is performed by monitoring force or displacement on a holding member with and without the top member attached. If the difference measured is within a preferred tolerance range, then the instrumentation can be deemed to be within the specifications deemed best suited for the instrument. The top member may also be modified to allow for mixing reagents with the clot, thereby avoiding the need to pre-mix blood with reagents before measurement. This can be accomplished by providing the top member with a rotation mechanism, such as an air driven fin assembly, that permits the top member to rotate forwards and/or backwards relative to the receptacle which holds the blood sample. The top member may also carry on board one or more reagents used for the diagnostic tests to be performed on the blood sample. Different top members might be used to perform different tests by being capable of dispensing different reagents. Moreover, a bar code or other indicia may be used to have the instrumentation automatically identify the test being performed, and this can also be used to provide information useful in regulating the mixing operation to be performed by the top member. Furthermore, a disposable liner may also be positionable within the receptacle such that the entire test can be performed with disposable components, thereby reducing clean up time, improving performance of the instrumentation, and enhancing the safety for the clinicians. Finally, the shape of the top and bottom members are configured in such a way as to have the evaporation force vector perpendicular to the clot retraction force vector.
Abstract:
The invention relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a bovine tumor necrosis factor receptor-I (TNF-RI). Also within the invention is a soluble bovine TNF-RI, which is a potent inhibitor of bovine tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (TNF-&agr;). The invention demonstrates that soluble bovine TNF-RI has therapeutic value as an inhibitor of TNF in cattle suffering from coliform mastitis or other inflammatory disease.
Abstract:
A medical device introduction system, a medical introducer, and related methods are provided. The medical device introduction system preferably includes a medical introducer having an introducer body and a plurality of lumen formed therein, an imaging device positioned in a predetermined one of the plurality of lumen of the medical introducer so that the imaging device is separately controllable independent of the medical introducer, and a separate steerable working channel device positioned in at least one other of the plurality of lumen of the medical introducer so that the separate steerable working channel device and the imaging device are separately controllable by a user thereof independent of each other. The separate steerable working channel device preferably includes an elongate tube portion having at least one lumen formed therein which defines the working channel and steering means associated with the elongate tube portion for steering the elongate tube portion.
Abstract:
Apparatus which monitors and controls biological activity of mixed liquor under anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic conditions by measuring the change of intracellular NAD(P)H of the microorganisms. A wastewater treatment system is controlled in accordance with the results generated by the monitoring system.
Abstract:
Experiments have been conducted which demonstrate that gel optical density is a linear function of the fibrin fiber mass/length ratio (.mu.) and that the slope of the linear function is dependent on the concentration of fibrinogen in the sample. Once the linear function is known, knowledge of a gel optical density at one wavelength is adequate to determine .mu.. Such measurements allow quantitative monitoring of fibrin structure, and are clinically relevant.