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公开(公告)号：US20130212344A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-15
申请号：US13833229
申请日：2013-03-15
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Matthew J. Byom , Daniel J. Post , Vadim Khmelnitsky
IPC: G06F12/12
CPC classification number: G06F12/123 , G11C16/349 , G11C29/42 , G11C29/82 , G11C29/883 , G11C2029/0409 , G11C2029/0411
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for selectively retiring blocks based on refresh events of those blocks. In addition to refresh events, other criteria may be applied in making a decision whether to retire a block. By applying the criteria, the system is able to selectively retire blocks that may otherwise continue to be refreshed.
Abstract translation: 提供了系统和方法，用于基于这些块的刷新事件来选择性地退出块。 除了刷新事件之外，还可以采用其他标准来决定是否退出块。 通过应用标准，系统能够选择性地退出可能会继续刷新的块。
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公开(公告)号：US11094381B2
公开(公告)日：2021-08-17
申请号：US16429021
申请日：2019-06-02
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Muhammad N. Ashraf , Alexander Paley , Yuhua Liu , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Matthew J. Byom
Abstract: Systems and methods for managing non-volatile memory devices are provided. Embodiments discussed herein provide rapid restart protection for journaling system. The rapid restart protection prevents the NVM from experiencing memory saturation when the NVM system is being forced to handle multiple successive restarts.
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公开(公告)号：US20170102899A1
公开(公告)日：2017-04-13
申请号：US15385429
申请日：2016-12-20
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Daniel J. Post , Matthew J. Byom , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Nir Jacob Wakrat , Kenneth L. Herman
CPC classification number: G06F3/0643 , G06F3/061 , G06F3/0644 , G06F3/0652 , G06F3/0679 , G06F11/1068 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , G11C29/52
Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for partitioning data for storage in a non-volatile memory (“NVM”), such as flash memory. In some embodiments, a priority may be assigned to data being stored, and the data may be logically partitioned based on the priority. For example, a file system may identify a logical address within a first predetermined range for higher priority data and within a second predetermined range for lower priority data, such using a union file system. Using the logical address, a NVM driver can determine the priority of data being stored and can process (e.g., encode) the data based on the priority. The NVM driver can store an identifier in the NVM along with the data, and the identifier can indicate the processing techniques used on the associated data.
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公开(公告)号：US09342449B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-17
申请号：US14745994
申请日：2015-06-22
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Daniel J. Post , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Nir Jacob Wakrat
CPC classification number: G06F12/0246 , G06F11/1402 , G06F11/1666 , G06F2212/7201 , G06F2212/7207
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for storing data to or reading data from a non-volatile memory (“NVM”), such as flash memory, using a metadata redundancy scheme. In some embodiments, an electronic device, which includes an NVM, may also include a memory interface for controlling access to the NVM. The memory interface may receive requests to write user data to the NVM. The user data from each request may be associated with metadata, such as a logical address, flags, or other data. In response to a write request, the NVM interface may store the user data and its associated metadata in a first memory location (e.g., page), and may store a redundant copy of the metadata in a second memory location. This way, even if the first memory location becomes inaccessible, the memory interface can still recover the metadata from the backup copy stored in the second memory location.
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公开(公告)号：US20150309928A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-29
申请号：US14745994
申请日：2015-06-22
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Daniel J. Post , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Nir Jacob Wakrat
IPC: G06F12/02
CPC classification number: G06F12/0246 , G06F11/1402 , G06F11/1666 , G06F2212/7201 , G06F2212/7207
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for storing data to or reading data from a non-volatile memory (“NVM”), such as flash memory, using a metadata redundancy scheme. In some embodiments, an electronic device, which includes an NVM, may also include a memory interface for controlling access to the NVM. The memory interface may receive requests to write user data to the NVM. The user data from each request may be associated with metadata, such as a logical address, flags, or other data. In response to a write request, the NVM interface may store the user data and its associated metadata in a first memory location (e.g., page), and may store a redundant copy of the metadata in a second memory location. This way, even if the first memory location becomes inaccessible, the memory interface can still recover the metadata from the backup copy stored in the second memory location.
Abstract translation: 提供了系统和方法，用于使用元数据冗余方案将数据存储到非易失性存储器（“NVM”）或从闪存中读取数据。 在一些实施例中，包括NVM的电子设备还可以包括用于控制对NVM的访问的存储器接口。 存储器接口可以接收将用户数据写入NVM的请求。 来自每个请求的用户数据可以与诸如逻辑地址，标志或其他数据的元数据相关联。 响应于写入请求，NVM接口可以将用户数据及其相关联的元数据存储在第一存储器位置（例如，页面）中，并且可以将元数据的冗余副本存储在第二存储器位置中。 这样，即使第一存储器位置变得不可访问，存储器接口仍然可以从存储在第二存储器位置的备份副本中恢复元数据。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US08737148B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-27
申请号：US13833229
申请日：2013-03-15
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Matthew J. Byom , Daniel J. Post , Vadim Khmelnitsky
IPC: G11C29/00
CPC classification number: G06F12/123 , G11C16/349 , G11C29/42 , G11C29/82 , G11C29/883 , G11C2029/0409 , G11C2029/0411
Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for selectively retiring blocks based on refresh events of those blocks. In addition to refresh events, other criteria may be applied in making a decision whether to retire a block. By applying the criteria, the system is able to selectively retire blocks that may otherwise continue to be refreshed.
Abstract translation: 提供了系统和方法，用于基于这些块的刷新事件来选择性地退出块。 除了刷新事件之外，还可以采用其他标准来决定是否退出块。 通过应用标准，系统能够选择性地退出可能会继续刷新的块。
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公开(公告)号：US20200381060A1
公开(公告)日：2020-12-03
申请号：US16429021
申请日：2019-06-02
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Muhammad N. Ashraf , Alexander Paley , Yuhua Liu , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Matthew J. Byom
Abstract: Systems and methods for managing non-volatile memory devices are provided. Embodiments discussed herein provide rapid restart protection for journaling system. The rapid restart protection prevents the NVM from experiencing memory saturation when the NVM system is being forced to handle multiple successive restarts.
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公开(公告)号：US09104329B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-11
申请号：US14305488
申请日：2014-06-16
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Daniel J. Post , Nir Jacob Wakrat , Vadim Khmelnitsky
CPC classification number: G06F3/0643 , G06F11/1417 , G06F11/1435 , G06F12/0246 , G06F17/30218
Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for mount-time reconciliation of data availability. During system boot-up, a non-volatile memory (“NVM”) driver can be enumerated, and an NVM driver mapping can be obtained. The NVM driver mapping can include the actual availability of LBAs in the NVM. A file system can then be mounted, and a file system allocation state can be generated. The file system allocation state can indicate the file system's view of the availability of LBAs. Subsequently, data availability reconciliation can be performed. That is, the file system allocation state and the NVM driver mapping can be overlaid and compared with one another in order to expose any discrepancies.
Abstract translation: 披露了数据可用性的安装时间调节的系统和方法。 在系统启动期间，可以列举非易失性存储器（“NVM”）驱动程序，并且可以获得NVM驱动程序映射。 NVM驱动程序映射可以包括NVM中LBA的实际可用性。 然后可以安装文件系统，并且可以生成文件系统分配状态。 文件系统分配状态可以指示文件系统对LBA可用性的视图。 随后，可以执行数据可用性协调。 也就是说，文件系统分配状态和NVM驱动程序映射可以被叠加并相互比较，以便暴露任何差异。
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公开(公告)号：US08862851B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-14
申请号：US13725671
申请日：2012-12-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Tahoma Toelkes , Nir Jacob Wakrat , Kenneth L Herman , Barry Corlett , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Anthony Fai , Daniel Jeffrey Post , Hsiao Thio
CPC classification number: G06F12/0246 , G06F12/0607 , G06F2212/1016 , G06F2212/7208
Abstract: The disclosed architecture uses address mapping to map a block address on a host interface to an internal block address of a non-volatile memory (NVM) device. The block address is mapped to an internal chip select for selecting a Concurrently Addressable Unit (CAU) identified by the block address. The disclosed architecture supports generic NVM commands for read, write, erase and get status operations. The architecture also supports an extended command set for supporting read and write operations that leverage a multiple CAU architecture.
Abstract translation: 所公开的架构使用地址映射将主机接口上的块地址映射到非易失性存储器（NVM）设备的内部块地址。 块地址映射到用于选择由块地址标识的可并行寻址单元（CAU）的内部芯片选择。 所公开的架构支持用于读取，写入，擦除和获取状态操作的通用NVM命令。 该架构还支持扩展命令集，以支持利用多个CAU架构的读写操作。
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公开(公告)号：US20140112079A1
公开(公告)日：2014-04-24
申请号：US14144041
申请日：2013-12-30
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Nir J. Wakrat , Daniel J. Post , Kenneth L. Herman , Vadim Khmelnitsky , Nicholas C. Seroff , Hsiao H. Thio , Matthew J. Byom
IPC: G11C16/30
CPC classification number: G11C16/30 , G06F1/26 , G06F1/3203
Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for managing the peak power consumption of a system, such as a non-volatile memory system (e.g., flash memory system). The system can include multiple subsystems and a controller for controlling the subsystems. Each subsystem may have a current profile that is peaky. Thus, the controller may control the peak power of the system by, for example, limiting the number of subsystems that can perform power-intensive operations at the same time or by aiding a subsystem in determining the peak power that the subsystem may consume at any given time.
Abstract translation: 公开了用于管理诸如非易失性存储器系统（例如，闪存系统）的系统的峰值功率消耗的系统和方法。 该系统可以包括多个子系统和用于控制子系统的控制器。 每个子系统可以具有峰值的当前轮廓。 因此，控制器可以通过例如限制可以同时执行功率密集型操作的子系统的数量来控制系统的峰值功率，或通过辅助子系统来确定子系统可能消耗的峰值功率 给定时间
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