摘要:
A process for preparing acrolein or acrylic acid or a mixture thereof from propane, in which the propane is initially dehydrogenated under heterogeneous catalysis to give propene, secondary components are removed and the remaining gas mixture, comprising propane and propene, is subjected to the heterogeneously catalyzed partial oxidation to acrolein or acrylic acid or a mixture thereof as the target product, target product is removed from the product gas mixture and the remaining residual gas, comprising excess oxygen and unconverted propane, is recycled into the propane dehydrogenation in such a way that the other propane fed to the dehydrogenation is at least partly converted under dehydrogenating conditions at the recycle point.
摘要:
A process for preparing surfactant alcohols and surfactant alcohol ethers by derivatization of olefins having about 10 to 20 carbon atoms or of mixtures of such olefins and optional subsequent alkoxylation is described. As features, the process involves (a) subjecting a C4-olefin mixture with a 1-butene/2-butene ratio of ≧1.2 to a metathesis, (b) separating off olefins having 5 to 8 carbon atoms from the metathesis mixture, (c) subjecting the separated-off olefins individually or in a mixture to a dimerization to give olefin mixtures having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, (d) subjecting the resulting olefin mixture, optionally after a fractionation, to derivatization to give a mixture of surfactant alcohols and (e) optionally alkoxylating the surfactant alcohols. The olefin mixture obtained in the dimerization comprises a high content of branched components and less than 10% by weight of compounds which contain a vinylidene group. Also described is the use of surfactant alcohols and surfactant alcohol ethers to give surfactans by glycosidation or polyglycosidation, sulfation or phosphation.
摘要:
A catalyst for the oxidation of hydrogen in a process for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, wherein the catalyst comprises, supported on α-aluminum oxide, from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of platinum and from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of tin, based on the total weight of the catalyst, a process for the oxidation of hydrogen and a process for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons with an integrated oxidation process using the catalyst described.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparing propene from propane, comprising the steps:A) a feed gas stream a comprising propane is provided;B) the feed gas stream a comprising propane and an oxygenous gas stream are fed into a dehydrogenation zone and propane is subjected to a nonoxidative catalytic, autothermal dehydrogenation to propene to obtain a product gas stream b comprising propane, propene, methane, ethane, ethene, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam and hydrogen;C) product gas stream b is cooled and steam is removed by condensation to obtain a steam-depleted product gas stream c;D) uncondensable or low-boiling gas constituents are removed by contacting product gas stream c with an inert absorbent and subsequently desorbing the gases dissolved in the inert absorbent to obtain a C3 hydrocarbon stream d1 and an offgas stream d2 comprising methane, ethane, ethene, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen;E) the C3 hydrocarbon stream d1 is cooled and compressed to obtain a liquid C3 hydrocarbon stream e1;F) the liquid C3− hydrocarbon stream e1 is fed into a first distillation zone and separated distillatively into a stream f1 composed of propane and propene and a stream f2 comprising ethane and ethene;G) stream f1 is fed into a (second) distillation zone and separated distillatively into a product stream g1 composed of propene and a stream g2 composed of propane, and stream g2 is recycled at least partly into the dehydrogenation zone.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for producing propylene oxide comprising (I) reacting propene with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalyst to give a mixture (GI) comprising propylene oxide, unreacted propene, and oxygen; (II) separating propylene oxide from mixture (GI) to give a mixture (GII) comprising propene and oxygen; (III) reducing the oxygen comprised in mixture (GII) at least partially by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising Sn and at least one noble metal.
摘要:
Process for preparing alpha, beta-unsaturated acyclic or cyclic carbonyl compounds by dehydrogenation of the corresponding saturated carbonyl compounds in the gas phase over a heterogeneous dehydrogenation catalyst comprising platinum and/or palladium and tin on an oxidic support.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon from a C1-C4-alkane, or a mixture of C1-C4-alkanes, which comprises a) bringing a feedstock stream A which comprises a C1-C4-alkane, or a mixture of C1-C4-alkanes, into contact with a catalyst and reacting a part of the C1-C4-alkane, or a part of the mixture of the C1-C4-alkanes, to form aromatic hydrocarbon(s); b) fractionating the product stream B resulting from step a) into a low-boiler stream C which comprises the majority of the hydrogen and of the unreacted C1-C4-alkane, or of the mixture of C1-C4-alkanes, and a high-boiler stream D, or a plurality of high-boiler streams D′, which stream or streams comprises or comprise the majority of the aromatic hydrocarbon formed; and c) feeding the low-boiler stream C to a further C1-C4-alkane-consuming method, if appropriate the hydrogen present in the low-boiler stream C being separated off in advance.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butane having the steps of A) providing a feed gas stream a comprising n-butane; B) feeding the feed gas stream a comprising n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a product gas stream b comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, low-boiling secondary constituents and in some cases steam; C) feeding the product gas stream b of the nonoxidative catalytic dehydrogenation and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating 1-butene and 2-butene to obtain a product gas stream c comprising n-butane, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, low-boiling secondary constituents and steam, said product gas stream c having a higher content of butadiene than the product gas stream b; D) removing hydrogen, the low-boiling secondary constituents and steam to obtain a C4 product gas stream d substantially consisting of n-butane, 2-butene and butadiene; E) feeding the C4 product gas stream d into a distillation zone and removing a butadiene/butane mixture as the product of value stream e1, to leave a stream e2 consisting substantially of n-butane and 2-butene; F) recycling the stream e2 into the first dehydrogenation zone.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种从正丁烷制备丁二烯的方法,该方法具有以下步骤:A)提供包含正丁烷的进料气流a; B)将包含正丁烷的进料气流(a)进料到至少一个第一脱氢区和非氧化催化脱氢的正丁烷中,以获得包含正丁烷,1-丁烯,2-丁烯,丁二烯,氢, 低沸点次生成分,有时还有蒸汽; C)将非氧化催化脱氢的产物气流b和氧气输送到至少一个第二脱氢区,并使1-丁烯和2-丁烯氧化脱氢得到包含正丁烷,2-丁烯, 丁二烯,氢,低沸点二次成分和蒸汽,所述产物气流c具有比产物气流b更高含量的丁二烯; D)除去氢气,低沸点次级组分和蒸汽,得到基本上由正丁烷,2-丁烯和丁二烯组成的C 4 H 4产物气流d; E)将C 4 H 4产物气流d进料到蒸馏区中并除去作为值流e1的产物的丁二烯/丁烷混合物,以留下基本上由正丁烷和2- 丁烯 F)将流e2再循环到第一脱氢区。
摘要:
A process for preparing alkenylaromatic compounds by reacting alkylaromatic compounds in the presence of steam and natural gas or methane over a suitable catalyst at a temperature of from 400 to 800° C. and a pressure of from 0.01 to 10 bar, wherein the molar ratio of steam to alkylaromatic compound is from 6.9:1 to 1:1 or the molar ratio of methane to alkylaromatic compound is from 0.1:1 to 8:1.
摘要:
A process is described for hydrocyanating 1,3-butadiene over at least one nickel(0) complex having phosphorus ligands as a catalyst, wherein the 1,3-butadiene is used in a mixture with n-butane and the mixture contains from 60 to 90% by volume of 1,3-butadiene and from 40 to 10% by volume of n-butane.