摘要:
What are disclosed are aqueous dispersions of an acrylic resin which is suitable for the reinforcement of fibrous articles and is free of formaldehyde and acrylonitrile, said resin comprising (a) from 70 to 96.95 weight percent of alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, or mixtures of such esters with styrene; (b) from 2 to 30 weight percent of an hydroxyalkyl ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid; (c) from 1 to 10 weight percent of acrylamide or of methacrylamide; (d) from 0.05 to 3 weight percent of a crosslinking comonomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds; (e) up to 5 weight percent of an unsaturated carboxylic acid; and (f) up to 20 weight percent of one or more further monomers, as well as fibrous articles reinforced with such a resin dispersion and showing reduced loss of resin binder on dry cleaning and reduced absorption of plasticizers, and methods of making such articles.
摘要:
A method for the manufacture of bound textile sheets, comprising treating a textile sheet substrate with a water dispersion of a mixed polymerizate binder of: (a) 80-99% by wt. of a C.sub.1-8 alkyl ester of acrylic acid, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl ester of methacrylic acid, or combination thereof, or a mixture of at least one of said acrylate or methacrylate esters with styrene, (b) 1-10% by wt. of an acrylamide glycolic acid monomer of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, R' is alkyl and R" is hydrogen or alkyl, and (c) 0-20% by wt. of another comonomer.
摘要:
Described is an examination system (1) for locating contamination (2) on an optical element (4) installed in an optical system (5), which examination system (1) comprises: a spatially resolving detector (6); imaging optics (7) that magnify in particular at a magnification of between 2 times and 100 times, for magnified imaging of a surface sub-region (3a) of the optical element (4) on the spatially resolving detector (6); as well as a movement mechanism (12), in particular a motorised movement mechanism (12), for displacing the imaging optics (7) together with the detector (6) relative to the surface (3) of the optical element (4) such that any desired surface sub-region of the surface (3) can be imaged at magnification.
摘要:
What is disclosed is a method for thickening aqueous systems in the acid range at a pH below 7 by the addition of an aqueous dispersion of a synthetic polymer having a molecular weight of at least 500,000, and which is water soluble or at least colloidally dispersible at a pH below 7, said polymer comprising (A) 5-100 percent by weight of at least one monomer having at least one basic nitrogen atom (B) 0-95 percent by weight of at least one monomer which has at most limited solubility in water, and (C) 0-30 percent by weight of at least one further non-basic, water soluble comonomer.
摘要:
A device for determining an analyte in a sample of liquid comprises an analysis apparatus configured to analyze a sample of liquid applied to an analytical area of a test element. The device comprises further an apparatus configured to prepare a surface of the analytical area by conferring hydrophilic properties to the surface. Analytes in test samples are determined by methods employing the device.
摘要:
A film-forming, self-crosslinking aqueous synthetic resin dispersion with reduced liberation of formaldehyde contains an emulsion polymer composed of(A) a major portion of an ethylenically unsaturated, free radically polymerizable monomer giving a polymer or copolymer with a glass transition temperature not exceeding 120.degree. C.,(B) N-methylolacrylamide or methacrylamide,(C) optionally further ethylenically unsaturated, free radically polymerizable monomers, and(D) an ethylenically unsaturated, free radically polymerizable monomer carrying a ureido group.
摘要:
An aqueous artificial resin dispersion, comprising an aqueous phase and a water-insoluble disperse phase formed from particles containing a copolymer formed in substantial part from a water insoluble or slightly soluble first monomer, wherein the copolymer additionally is formed from a second monomer of the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents hydrogen or methyl, R' represents hydrogen or an alkyl radical with 1 to 12 C-atoms, R" represents an alkyl radical with 7 to 20 C-atoms, and M represents a proton, an alkali metal ion, or an ammonium ion, with the proviso that the aqueous phase is free of low molecular weight, ionic emulsifying agents. Such dispersions are particularly well suited for continuous emulsion polymerization because of the highly stable monomer emulsions formed by mixtures produced according to the invention.
摘要:
Polymer dispersions in which an aqueous phase comprising a water-soluble polymer is dispersed in an organic liquid in the presence of a polymeric water-in-oil type dispersing agent containing salt-forming basic nitrogen atoms. When the dispersion is mixed with water in the presence of an acid, which acid may be present in the aqueous or organic phase of the dispersion or added separately, the dispersing agent transforms into an oil-in-water type, the previously dispersed polymer dissolves in the water, and the previously continuous organic phase is dispersed in the water.Methods of making such polymer dispersions.Methods of forming aqueous solutions of water-soluble polymers by combining such dispersions with water in the presence of an acid.
摘要:
A method of processing an optical element which has a substrate (110) and a layer system (120) applied to the substrate (110), wherein the layer system (120) in a starting condition has a plurality of volume defects (130), wherein the method includes at least partially filling at least one of the volume defects (130) with a filling material (140). Also disclosed is an associated method of manufacturing an optical element.
摘要:
A device for determining an analyte in a sample of liquid comprises an analysis apparatus configured to analyze a sample of liquid applied to an analytical area of a test element. The device comprises further an apparatus configured to prepare a surface of the analytical area by conferring hydrophilic properties to the surface. Analytes in test samples are determined by methods employing the device.