摘要:
A first mirror and a second mirror are disposed in such a manner that their reflective surfaces are parallel and face toward each other. A mark is drawn between the first mirror and the second mirror. An image of the reflections of the mark in the first mirror and the second mirror is captured with a camera. Calibration of the camera system is performed based on the image.
摘要:
A frequency converter includes a transistor pair having a first transistor and a second transistor respectively having collector terminals commonly connected to each other and emitter terminals commonly connected to each other, the commonly-connected collector terminals of the transistor pair being connected to a power supply terminal by way of a first resistor, a third transistor having a collector terminal connected to the power supply terminal by way of a second resistor and an emitter terminal connected to the commonly-connected emitter terminals of the transistor pair, a third resistor having an end connected to the commonly-connected emitter terminals of the transistor pair, and another end grounded by way of a constant current source, and an output terminal connected to the commonly-connected collector terminals of the transistor pair. The frequency converter can exhibit an excellent saturation characteristic and an excellent distortion characteristic even when operating from a low voltage and/or a low current.
摘要:
In a multi-layer substrate module receiving from an external earth node supply of a reference potential for grounding, a plurality of ground lines are provided respectively corresponding to a plurality of internal circuits. Moreover, a common node for coupling the ground lines is provided in an insulating layer of the multi-layer substrate module. The common node is electrically coupled to the earth node through a ground pin terminal shared by the plurality of internal circuits. Preferably, the common node is provided in the lowest insulating layer of the multi-layer substrate module. Thus, parasitic inductance of the portion through which an earth current flows, that is, the portion common to the plurality of internal circuits, can be suppressed with a small number of ground pin terminals. Accordingly, the inflow phenomenon of the earth current between the plurality of internal circuits is prevented, enabling stable operation.
摘要:
A memory management and protection system for realizing a high speed execution and a proper and flexible memory access control for multiple programs sharing an identical logical address space. In the system, the memory access is permitted according to a segment identifier identifying a segment in the logical address space, and a memory protection information for a region in each segment including a target right permission to indicate assigned rights to make a memory access from the region to each of the segments, and an execution permission to indicate a type of the memory access permitted by the right permission. Alternatively, a memory access can be permitted by using an access control list to be attached to each address table entry, which stores a plurality of program numbers identifying programs which are permitted to make accesses to the logical address stored in each address table entry, among which one that matches with the current program number is to be searched. Also, it is preferable to allocate a plurality of programs within a limit of available memory protection capacity to an identical logical address space, without any overlap between adjacently allocated address regions.
摘要:
A combustion state-detecting system for internal combustion engines has a crank angle sensor which generates a crank angle signal with a predetermined period shorter than a firing period of the spark plug whenever the crankshaft rotates through a predetermined angle. A value of the rotational speed of the engine is detected whenever the crank angle signal is generated. A rate of variation in the detected value of the rotational speed of the engine is calculated over the firing period of the spark plug, and an average value thereof is then calculated. The calculated average value of the variation rate is compared with the calculated variation rate, and a cumulative value of a difference between the calculated variation rate average value and the calculated variation rate is calculated when the calculated variation rate is on the larger deceleration side of the engine rotational speed with respect to the calculated variation rate average value. The calculated difference cumulative value is compared with a predetermined value to determine whether or not the engine is in a degraded combustion state, based on the comparison result.
摘要:
A misfire-detecting system detects a misfire occurring in an internal combustion engine. A value of sparking voltage for discharging a spark plug of the engine is detected. A differentiating circuit differentiates the detected value of the sparking voltage. A misfire-determining circuit compares the differential value of the sparking voltage with a predetermined value, and determines, based upon a result of the comparison, whether a misfire has occurred in the engine.
摘要:
An electric motor having a cylindrical frame with a thickness less than that of conventional electric motors. A tubular inner yoke is inserted in the cylindrical frame and in combination therewith serves as a magnetic path. The total thickness of the cylindrical frame and the inner yoke serves as a magnetic path substantially the same as that of a conventional electric motor frame. The inner yoke and thinner frame construction of the present invention reduces the total weight of the electric motor as compared with conventional electric motors. Additionally, the inner yoke has a plurality of protrusions for positioning the permanent magnets of the electric motor both axially and circumferentially thereon.
摘要:
A pattern recognition device is arranged to have learning of a reference pattern vector carried out in a recognition unit by making use of the pause periods in the recognition processing, without particularly providing a learning section for learning the reference pattern vector. Namely, a part or the entirety of the arithmetic processing unit where the recognition result is obtained in the recognition unit by collating the input pattern with the recognition dictionary, can be utilized as the learning portion of the reference pattern vector. In concrete terms, the operation of multiplication-accumulation (inner product) which represents the main operation in the recognition processing and the learning processing, can be carried out by means of similar processes of handling. Therefore, by utilizing the processing section for sum of the products operation, of the recognition unit, which is in the idle state for pattern recognition, it becomes possible to carry out learning the reference pattern vector efficiently in time, without forcibly interrupting the pattern recognition processing by formally setting a learning condition.
摘要:
In a pattern recognition system for speech or print, a first memory stores predetermined reference vectors. A second memory stores subsequently-determined reference vectors subsequent to misrecognition when a new speaker or font is inputted, whereby only the deformations (differences) from a predetermined category of vectors are stored.