摘要:
A semiconductor device having pads is provided. The semiconductor device includes first pads formed along a first row, and second pads formed along a second row. The first via contact portions extending from the first pads toward the second row, and second via contact portions extending from the second pads toward the first row. The first and second via contact portions are arranged along a third row between the first and second rows.
摘要:
A semiconductor device having pads is provided. The semiconductor device includes first pads formed along a first row, and second pads formed along a second row. The first via contact portions extending from the first pads toward the second row, and second via contact portions extending from the second pads toward the first row. The first and second via contact portions are arranged along a third row between the first and second rows.
摘要:
A variable resistance memory device that includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a variable resistance layer interposed between the first electrode and a second electrode. A metal oxide electrode is interposed between the first electrode and the variable resistance layer, and the metal oxide electrode does not include a nitrogen constituent.
摘要:
A method and system for providing a data service in interworking wireless public and private networks, allows for data service data being transmitted through the private network when a data service is to be transmitted through the private network within the network where the wireless public network and the wired/wireless private network are interworked. A method of providing a data service in interworking wireless public and private networks, includes transmitting, by a user, a data service request signal; determining, by the private network, based on identifier information through which of the private and public networks to transmit the data service; transmitting a private network data service call to a private content server when it is determined based on the identifier information that it is the private network data service call; and transmitting a public network data service call to a public network content server when it is determined based on the identifier information that it is the public network data service call. Consequently, there is an advantage that a packet data service can be forwarded through any one selected from the public network and the private network. Further, there is another advantage that a data service is available through the private network by modifying the system without changing each user terminal, and thus an additional cost is hardly caused.
摘要:
Graphene, a method of fabricating the same, and a transistor having the graphene are provided, the graphene includes a structure of carbon (C) atoms partially substituted with boron (B) atoms and nitrogen (N) atoms. The graphene has a band gap. The graphene substituted with boron and nitrogen may be used as a channel of a field effect transistor. The graphene may be formed by performing chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using borazine or ammonia borane as a boron nitride (B—N) precursor.
摘要:
A ferromagnetic graphene includes at least one antidot such that the ferromagnetic graphene has ferromagnetic characteristics. A spin valve device includes a ferromagnetic graphene. The ferromagnetic graphene includes a first region, a second region, and a third region. At least one antidot is formed in each of the first region and the third region. The first region and the third region are ferromagnetic regions, whereas the second region is a non-ferromagnetic region.
摘要:
A method and system for providing a data service in interworking wireless public and private networks, allows for data service data being transmitted through the private network when a data service is to be transmitted through the private network within the network where the wireless public network and the wired/wireless private network are interworked. A method of providing a data service in interworking wireless public and private networks, includes transmitting, by a user, a data service request signal; determining, by the private network, based on identifier information through which of the private and public networks to transmit the data service; transmitting a private network data service call to a private content server when it is determined based on the identifier information that it is the private network data service call; and transmitting a public network data service call to a public network content server when it is determined based on the identifier information that it is the public network data service call. Consequently, there is an advantage that a packet data service can be forwarded through any one selected from the public network and the private network. Further, there is another advantage that a data service is available through the private network by modifying the system without changing each user terminal, and thus an additional cost is hardly caused.
摘要:
An apparatus for effectively filtering and separating fine floc, algae, suspended solids, etc. remaining in water after biological and physiochemical treatment is provided. The fine filtering apparatus includes flexible fibers that control packing density, thus improving filtration efficiency, the amount of clarified water, and filtering duration, and reducing power consumption compared to a conventional filtering apparatus is provided. In the filtering apparatus, flexible fibers having an effective diameter of 1 to 60 μm and which are flexible, elastic, and have proper surface roughness extend in the longitudinal direction of the apparatus. A jacket shaped unit for supplying source water (supplied water) has a porous structure. Clarified water (treated water) is discharged through a central porous chamber. The whole filter media layer can be utilized as a particle-entrapping space.
摘要:
A ferromagnetic graphene includes at least one antidot such that the ferromagnetic graphene has ferromagnetic characteristics. A spin valve device includes a ferromagnetic graphene. The ferromagnetic graphene includes a first region, a second region, and a third region. At least one antidot is formed in each of the first region and the third region. The first region and the third region are ferromagnetic regions, whereas the second region is a non-ferromagnetic region.
摘要:
A fuel cell separator, a fuel cell stack having the fuel cell separator, and a reactant gas control method of the fuel cell stack are provided. That is, even when the fuel cell stack operates under the low load operation condition, a reactant gas is supplied to the reactant gas passages of the fuel cell separator, and thus, the length of the passage can be shortened by 50% as compared with the prior art having only one reactant gas passage. Therefore, the reactant gas can be effectively supplied without experiencing pressure loss. Further, in the high load operation of the fuel cell stack, the reactant gas is introduced into the first reactant gas passage of the fuel cell separator and utilized in half of the whole electrode area. Subsequently, the reactant gas is introduced into the second reactant gas passage and utilized in the remaining half of the electrode area. The flow rate of the reactant gas flowing along the passage channels is increased by two times, even when the reactant gas utilizing rate is identical as compared with the reactant gas flow in the low load operation. As a result, the moisture existing in the passage channels can be more effectively discharged and the flooding phenomenon occurring in the high load operation can be prevented. By controlling the reactant gas supply in accordance with an operation condition of the fuel cell stack without experiencing pressure loss and deterioration of the utilizing rate, the flooding phenomenon and concentration polarization phenomenon that occur in the fuel cell stack can be prevented.