Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a vertical memory device includes forming a first sacrificial layer on a substrate, the first sacrificial layer including a first insulating material, forming a mold including an insulation layer and a second sacrificial layer alternately and repeatedly stacked on the first sacrificial layer, the insulation layer and the second sacrificial layer including second and third insulating materials, respectively, different from the first insulating material, forming a channel through the mold and the first sacrificial layer, forming an opening through the mold and the first sacrificial layer to expose an upper surface of the substrate, removing the first sacrificial layer through the opening to form a first gap, forming a channel connecting pattern to fill the first gap, and replacing the second sacrificial layer with a gate electrode.
Abstract:
In a method of manufacturing a vertical memory device, a first sacrificial layer including a nitride is formed on a substrate. A mold including an insulation layer and a second sacrificial layer alternately and repeatedly stacked on the first sacrificial layer is formed. The insulation layer and the second sacrificial layer include a first oxide and a second oxide, respectively. A channel is formed through the mold and the first sacrificial layer. An opening is formed through the mold and the first sacrificial layer to expose an upper surface of the substrate. The first sacrificial layer is removed through the opening to form a first gap. A channel connecting pattern is formed to fill the first gap. The second sacrificial layer is replaced with a gate electrode.
Abstract:
A portable terminal, a hearing aid, and a method of indicating the position of a sound source in the portable terminal are provided. The method includes receiving sound signals of a plurality of sound sources, determining respective distances between the plurality of sound sources and the portable terminal, and respective directions of the plurality of sound sources from the portable terminal, based on the received sound signals of the plurality of sound sources, determining positions of the plurality of sound sources on the touch screen based on the determined distances and directions of the plurality of sound sources, and displaying the determined positions of the plurality of sound sources on the touch screen.
Abstract:
A conductive pattern on a substrate is formed. An insulating layer having an opening exposing the conductive pattern is formed. A bottom electrode is formed on the conductive pattern and a first sidewall of the opening. A spacer is formed on the bottom electrode and a second sidewall of the opening. The spacer and the bottom electrode are formed to be lower than a top surface of the insulating layer. A data storage plug is formed on the bottom electrode and the spacer. The data storage plug has a first sidewall aligned with a sidewall of the bottom electrode and a second sidewall aligned with a sidewall of the spacer. A bit line is formed on the data storage plug.