摘要:
A polishing apparatus includes a cleaning device for critical cleaning of a top ring or a dressing tool to obtain high quality polishing by minimizing surface damage caused by contaminants originating from the top ring and/or dressing tool. The polishing apparatus includes a polishing table; a workpiece holding member for pressing a workpiece onto the polishing table; a dressing tool for conditioning a work surface provided on the polishing table. A cleaning device is provided for cleaning the dressing tool and/or the workpiece holding member. The cleaning device is provided with a spray nozzle for directing a cleaning solution toward at least an upper surface of the workpiece holding member or the dressing tool.
摘要:
The Cu—Ni—Si-based copper alloy plate contains 1.0 mass % to 3.0 mass % of Ni, and Si at a concentration of ⅙ to ¼ of the mass % concentration of Ni with a remainder of Cu and inevitable impurities, in which, when the average value of the aspect ratio (the minor axis of crystal grains/the major axis of crystal grains) of each crystal grains in an alloy structure is 0.4 to 0.6, the average value of GOS in the all crystal grains is 1.2° to 1.5°, and the ratio (Lσ/L) of the total special grain boundary length Lσ of special grain boundaries to the total grain boundary length L of crystal grain boundaries is 60% to 70%, the spring bending elastic limit becomes 450 N/mm2 to 600 N/mm2, the solder resistance to heat separation is favorable and deep drawing workability is excellent at 150° C. for 1000 hours.
摘要:
A Cu—Sn layer and an Sn-based surface layer are formed in this order on the surface of a Cu-based substrate through an Ni-based base layer, and the Cu—Sn layer is composed of a Cu3Sn layer arranged on the Ni-based base layer and a Cu6Sn5 layer arranged on the Cu3Sn layer; the Cu—Sn layer obtained by bonding the Cu3Sn layer and the Cu6Sn5 layer is provided with recessed and projected portions on the surface which is in contact with the Sn-based surface layer; thicknesses of the recessed portions are set to 0.05 μm to 1.5 μm, the area coverage of the Cu3Sn layer with respect to the Ni-based base layer is 60% or higher, the ratio of the thicknesses of the projected portions to the thicknesses of the recessed portions in the Cu—Sn layer is 1.2 to 5, and the average thickness of the Cu3Sn layer is 0.01 μm to 0.5 μm.
摘要:
Methods and assays are disclosed for treating subjects with 22q13 deletion syndrome or SHANK3 deletion or duplication, mutation or reduced expression, where the methods comprise administering to the subject insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF-1-derived peptide or analog, growth hormone, an AMPAkine, a compound that directly or indirectly enhances glutamate neurotransmission, including by inhibiting inhibitory (most typically GABA) transmission, or an agent that activates the growth hormone receptor or the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor, or a downstream signaling pathway thereof.
摘要:
An electrical component disposed on the top of battery modules includes an electrical component case for accommodating an inverter and a DC/DC converter, and heat sink units attached to the electrical component case on the side of the electrical component case opposite to the side with the battery modules, and constituted of a heat radiating plate having a plurality of radiating fins. In addition, a cooling path has a first cooling path for cooling the battery modules using cooling wind, and a second cooling path for cooling the heat sink units using the cooling wind having passed through the first cooling path. With this arrangement, there is provided a cooling structure for a vehicle power source unit capable of cooling the battery and the electrical component including the inverter with a compact configuration.
摘要:
Modified CueO having excellent enzymatic activity and a composition for dyeing keratin fiber which contains the enzyme. A recombinant protein having an enzymatic activity for oxidizing p-phenylenediamine, the protein is obtained by removing from CueO at least one member selected from the group consisting of helix 5, helix 6, and helix 7; and the composition for dyeing keratin fiber containing the recombinant protein and an oxidation dye.
摘要:
To provide a broadband reflecting mirror having high reflectance within a wavelength band of 400 nm to 2500 nm and having excellent thermal resistance and damage resistance. A broadband reflecting mirror 1 for reflecting light within a wavelength band of 400 nm to 2500 nm includes: a first reflective layered coating 3 for reflecting light in a short wavelength side of the wavelength band of 400 nm to 2500 nm, the first reflective layered coating including first high-refractive index material and first low-refractive index material layers alternately stacked one on another; and a second reflective layered coating 4 for reflecting light in a long wavelength side of the wavelength band of 400 nm to 2500 nm, the second reflective layered coating including second high-refractive index material and second low-refractive index material layers alternately stacked one on another, wherein the first reflective layered coating 3 is disposed on the light-incident side of the broadband reflecting mirror and the second reflective layered coating 4 is disposed at a position where light having passed through the first reflective layered coating 3 can be reflected, and wherein the first high-refractive index material layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of niobium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, silicon nitride, yttrium oxide and indium tin oxide, the first low-refractive index material layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide and magnesium fluoride, the second high-refractive index material layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon and germanium, and the second low-refractive index material layer is formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide and magnesium fluoride.
摘要:
A polishing cloth mounted on a turntable is dressed by bringing a dresser in contact with the polishing cloth for restoring the polishing capability of the polishing cloth. The dressing is performed by measuring heights of a surface of the polishing cloth at radial positions of the polishing cloth in a radial direction thereof, determining a rotational speed of the dresser with respect to a rotational speed of the turntable on the basis of the measured heights, and dressing the polishing cloth by pressing the dresser against the polishing cloth while the turntable and the dresser are rotating. The dresser has an annular diamond grain layer or an annular SiC layer.
摘要:
A reduction in charging time is achieved while suppressing any deterioration in the lifetime of the battery. A battery temperature increase margin is determined from the battery temperature at charge commencement and the upper limit value of the battery temperature. Moreover, the target charging capacity is determined from the initial state of charge at charge commencement and the target state of charge at charge completion. Furthermore, a value of an upper limit of the battery temperature increase is determined from these. Then, the battery charge current maximum value is set by map referral based on the value of an upper limit of the battery temperature increase such that the temperature of the battery during charging does not exceed the upper limit value. A driver performs the battery charging using a charge current value that has been set on the basis of the battery charge maximum value.
摘要:
The ABS is provided with a modulator, and when the ABS is activated, control of the caliper pressure by the driver, is modified by the operation of the modulator having the aforementioned inlet valve (normally closed to a pressurized fluid source) and aforementioned outlet valve (normally open to a fluid exit), both controlled by the above-described control logic circuit. The modulator increases or decreases the caliper pressure, in response to changes in the pressurized fluid, regulated by such valves. Depending on the operation of the control logic circuit described above, three events may occur. When the inlet and outlet valves are not operated (i.e. their normal state), the modulator releases pressurized fluid through the output valve, and increases caliper pressure, to increase braking up to a predetermined maximum. If only the outlet valve is operated (i.e. both the inlet and outlet valves are closed), the modulator remains in a constant state and likewise, the caliper pressure is kept constant. If both the inlet and outlet valves are operated (i.e. opened and closed respectively), then in response to the increased pressurized fluid, the modulator effects a decrease in caliper pressure to reduce braking. The above is summarized in FIG. 2.Thus it is seen that the brake control is effected by setting a threshold value for each of the slip ratio .lambda. and the acceleration/deceleration .alpha., and determining whether the actual state of each wheel (i.e. .lambda.and .alpha.), is at their respective threshold value or above (less). It is thus necessary to set processing times as short as possible to improve the operating speed of an actuator which executes the process referred to above. However, there are limitations on the operating speed of the actuator, and an improvement is actually difficult to achieve.In another prior art system, the modulator comprises an input hydraulic chamber which communicates with a master cylinder, for