Abstract:
This invention relates to data networks, and more particularly, to platforms, modules and systems for networking at least one device having Fibre Channel node functionality with another device. Networking of Fibre Channel-enabled devices is provided by an apparatus that includes a circuit board having a first set of signal paths; a first transceiver having a first optical I/O port, a first transceiver output and a first transceiver input; a first I/O connection for coupling to a first Fibre Channel port and for receiving signals transmitted by the first transceiver output via a subset of the first set of signal paths; and a second I/O connection for coupling to a second Fibre Channel port and for receiving signals from the first Fibre Channel Port.
Abstract:
In an embodiment of the invention, an apparatus comprises: a plurality of bus masters and a plurality of bus arbiters to support routing and failover, wherein each bus arbiter is coupled to a plurality of bus masters; and a central processing unit (CPU) coupled to at least one of the bus arbiters; wherein the CPU is configured to execute a firmware that chooses bus re-routing or failover in response to a bus failure. In another embodiment of the invention, a method comprises: choosing, by a central processing unit (CPU) coupled to a plurality of bus arbiters, bus re-routing or failover in response to a bus failure. In yet another embodiment of the invention, an article of manufacture, comprises a non-transient computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that permit a method comprising: choosing, by a central processing unit (CPU) coupled to a plurality of bus arbiters, bus re-routing or failover in response to a bus failure.
Abstract:
A mechanism of booting up a system directly from a storage device and a means of initializing an embedded system prior to activating a CPU is presented. The said system is comprised of one or more CPUs, a reset controller, a storage device controller, one or more direct memory access controllers, a RAM and its controller, a ROM and its controller, a debug interface and a power-on reset (POR) sequencer. The POR sequencer controls the overall boot process of the embedded system. Said sequencer uses descriptors (POR Sequencer descriptors) which are used to update the configuration registers of the system and to enable CPU-independent data transfers with the use of DMA controllers.Using a minimal amount of non-volatile memory for booting up a system brings down costs associated with increased silicon real estate area and power consumption. Capability of pre-initializing the system even before a CPU is brought out of reset provides flexibility and system robustness. Through the use of the Power-On Reset Sequencer module, integrity of program code and user data used in the boot up process can be verified thus providing a resilient boot up sequence.The present invention provides a mechanism for booting up a system using a minimum amount of nonvolatile memory. This method also enables the embedded system to initialize all configuration registers even before any of the CPUs of the system is brought out of reset. The embedded system consists of multiple controller chips or a single controller chip. The embedded system can have a single or multiple central processing units.
Abstract:
In an embodiment of the invention, a method comprises: collecting a plurality of interrupts and servicing coalesced active interrupts to a processor if an interrupt count limit has occurred or if a timeout count has expired. In another embodiment of the invention, an apparatus comprises: an interrupt controller configured to collect a plurality of interrupts and configured to service coalesced active interrupts to a processor if an interrupt count limit has occurred or if a timeout count has expired. In yet another embodiment of the invention, an article of manufacture comprises: a non-transient computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions that permit a method comprising: collecting a plurality of interrupts and servicing coalesced active interrupts to a processor if an interrupt count limit has occurred or if a timeout count has expired.
Abstract:
In an embodiment of the invention, a method comprises: fetching a first set of descriptors from a memory device and writing the first set of descriptors to a buffer; retrieving the first set of descriptors from the buffer and processing the first set of descriptors to permit a Direct Memory Access (DMA) operation; and if space is available in the buffer, fetching a second set of descriptors from the memory device and writing the second set of descriptors to the buffer during or after the processing of the first set of descriptors. In another embodiment of the invention, an apparatus comprises: a fetching module configured to fetch a first set of descriptors from a memory device and to write the first set of descriptors to a buffer; a sequencer configured to retrieve the first set of descriptors from the buffer and to process the first set of descriptors to permit a Direct Memory Access (DMA) operation; and wherein if space is available in the buffer, the fetching module is configured to fetch a second set of descriptors from the memory device and to write the second set of descriptors to the buffer during or after the processing of the first set of descriptors.
Abstract:
A large network of memory system is described comprising a plurality of system controllers and flash memory modules, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. An apparatus is also described comprising a plurality of flash memory modules interconnected with other flash memory modules and to at least one system controller via a point-to-point communication bus topology, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
Abstract:
In an embodiment of the invention, a method comprises: A method, comprising: issuing, by a Direct Memory Access (DMA) engine, an update request to a dependency table if the DMA engine has finished executing a first descriptor; and issuing, by the DMA engine, a monitoring request if the DMA engine is executing a second descriptor that depends on a completion of a data transfer so that the DMA engine can monitor a status of a selected subindex related to the data transfer, wherein the subindex is in the dependency table. In another embodiment of the invention, an apparatus comprises: a Direct Memory Access (DMA) engine configured to issue an update request to a dependency table if the DMA engine has finished executing a first descriptor, and configured to issue a monitoring request if the DMA engine is executing a second descriptor that depends on a completion of a data transfer so that the DMA engine can monitor a status of a selected subindex related to the data transfer, wherein the subindex is in the dependency table.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a multilevel memory bus system for transferring information between at least one DMA controller and at least one solid-state semiconductor memory device, such as NAND flash memory devices or the like. This multilevel memory bus system includes at least one DMA controller coupled to an intermediate bus; a flash memory bus; and a flash buffer circuit between the intermediate bus and the flash memory bus. This multilevel memory bus system may be disposed to support: an n-bit wide bus width, such as nibble-wide or byte-wide bus widths; a selectable data sampling rate, such as a single or double sampling rate, on the intermediate bus; a configurable bus data rate, such as a single, double, quad, or octal data sampling rate; CRC protection; an exclusive busy mechanism; dedicated busy lines; or any combination of these.
Abstract:
To optimize memory operations, a mapping table may be used that includes: logical fields representing a plurality of LBA sets, including first and second logical fields for representing respectively first and second LBA sets, the first and second LBA sets each representing a consecutive LBA set; PBA fields representing PBAs, including a first PBA disposed for representing a first access parameter set and a second PBA disposed for representing a second access parameter set, each PBA associated with a physical memory location in a memory store, and these logical fields and PBA fields disposed to associate the first and second LBA sets with the first and second PBAs; and, upon receiving an I/O transaction request associated with the first and second LBA sets, the mapping table causes optimized memory operations to be performed on memory locations respectively associated with the first and second PBAs.