公开(公告)号：US20100242814A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-30

申请号：US12740858

申请日：2007-08-09

申请人： Peter Jeney

发明人： Peter Jeney

IPC分类号： F23K3/00 ,  H05B6/02

CPC分类号： C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2200/09 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/123 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/10 ,  F23G5/20 ,  F23G5/48 ,  F23G2203/208 ,  F23G2204/204 ,  F23M2900/05004 ,  F27B7/28 ,  F27B7/34 ,  F27D1/0006 ,  F27D7/06 ,  Y02P20/145

摘要： High-temperature furnace (10) for processing carbon-containing material in an inner zone (8) at a high-temperature. The furnace (10) comprises an in-feed side (20) for continuously feeding said carbon-containing material into said inner zone (8) and an output side (30) where a Syngas is provided. The infeed side (20) comprises an infeed section (23) providing for an atmosphere being essentially oxygen-free. There is gas inlet (22.1) at the infeed section (23) which is connected to the output side (30) for feeding some of said Syngas into said infeed section (23).

摘要翻译： 用于在内部区域（8）中高温处理含碳材料的高温炉（10）。 炉（10）包括用于将所述含碳材料连续进料到所述内部区域（8）中的进料侧（20）和设置有合成气的输出侧（30）。 进料侧（20）包括提供基本上无氧的气氛的进料段（23）。 在进料部分（23）处具有气体入口（22.1），其连接到输出侧（30），用于将一些所述合成气进料到所述进料部分（23）中。

公开(公告)号：US20100126069A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

申请号：US12596137

申请日：2008-04-18

申请人： Peter Stein

发明人： Peter Stein

IPC分类号： C10B1/00

CPC分类号： C10B1/10 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/50 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2200/158

摘要： The present invention has been designed to provide a solution to problems with conventional gasifiers which operate by having fuel introduced at one end of a gasification retort and gas and residues removed from the other end. This frequently results in powdered char residues being ejected with the gas, causing increased gas clean-up requirements. The present invention provides a solution to this problem by removing the gas from the retort at the fuel inlet end via the fuel feed apparatus which is preferably a combined ram and scroll feed providing a supply of fuel under anaerobic conditions.

摘要翻译： 本发明的目的是提供一种常规气化器的问题的解决方案，其通过在气化蒸馏器的一端引入燃料和从另一端除去残留物而进行操作。 这通常导致粉末状焦炭残留物与气体一起喷射，导致增加的气体净化要求。 本发明通过燃料供给装置从燃料入口端的蒸馏器中除去气体来提供这个问题的解决方案，燃料供给装置优选地是在厌氧条件下提供燃料供应的组合的冲压和涡旋进料。

公开(公告)号：US07674443B1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-09

申请号：US12193692

申请日：2008-08-18

申请人： Irvin Davis

发明人： Irvin Davis

IPC分类号： B01D47/00 ,  F02C1/00

CPC分类号： C01B17/0404 ,  C01B17/69 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01C1/24 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G2/30 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/405 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/092 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  C10J2300/1668 ,  C10K1/005 ,  C10L3/08 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02E20/18 ,  Y02E50/12 ,  Y02P30/10 ,  Y02P30/20 ,  Y02P30/446

摘要： A system involving a two-step gasification of a carbonaceous source to produce bulk hydrogen that avoids the early formation of CO2 and obviates the traditional water gas shift (WGSR) step, carbochlorination of a metallic ore the production of metals found in the ore that utilizes carbon monoxide as an oxygen sink, rather than the traditional coke, and carbon oxides management that eliminates major impediments to emission-neutral power generation and the reduction of major metals. The gasification uses a rotary kiln reactor and gas-gas cyclonic separation process to separate synthesis gas into purified hydrogen and purified carbon monoxide. Purified bulk carbon monoxide issued in metallurgical reduction, and purified bulk hydrogen as fuel for an emission-neutral hydrogen combined cycle (HCC) turbine power generation station. The carbochlorination is integrated with: a) the concurrent separation and purification of all metal-chlorides (metchlors) and capture of CO2 for passage to the carbon oxides management system; b) the direct reduction of metchlors to nanoscale metallurgical powders and/or to dendritically-shaped particles, including metchlor reduction for the ultrahigh-performance semiconductor metals of the III-V group; and, c) the reforming of metal-oxides with improved crystalline structure from metchlors. The carbon oxides management collects, stores and directs to points of usage, carbon oxides that arise in various processes of the integrated system, and captures carbon monoxide for process enhancement and economic uses and captures carbon dioxide as a process intermediate and for economic uses.

摘要翻译： 一种涉及碳质源两步气化以产生大量氢的系统，其避免了早期形成二氧化碳并避免了传统的水煤气转移（WGSR）步骤，金属矿石的碳氟化合物在利用矿石中发现的金属的生产 一氧化碳作为氧气池，而不是传统的焦炭和碳氧化物管理，消除了排放中性发电和主要金属减少的主要障碍。 气化使用回转窑反应器和气 - 气旋风分离方法将合成气分离成纯化氢和纯化一氧化碳。 纯化的本体一氧化碳在冶金还原中发布，纯化的体积氢作为发射中性氢联合循环（HCC）涡轮机发电站的燃料。 碳氯化合物与以下方面相结合：a）同时分离和纯化所有金属氯化物（meterlors）并捕获二氧化碳以通过碳氧化物管理系统; b）直接还原纳米级冶金粉末和/或树枝状颗粒，包括III-V族超高性能半导体金属的甲基氯还原; 以及c）由具有改进的晶体结构的金属氧化物的重整。 碳氧化物管理收集，存储和指导使用点，在综合系统的各种过程中产生的碳氧化物，并捕获一氧化碳以进行过程增强和经济利用，并捕获二氧化碳作为中间体和经济用途的过程。

公开(公告)号：US20090277090A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-12

申请号：US12463848

申请日：2009-05-11

申请人： Amirali Gulamhussein REHMAT ,  Renee Lyn COMLY ,  Amjad Abdulali KADWANI ,  Alex MATHEW ,  George MATHEW

发明人： Amirali Gulamhussein REHMAT ,  Renee Lyn COMLY ,  Amjad Abdulali KADWANI ,  Alex MATHEW ,  George MATHEW

IPC分类号： C10J3/72 ,  C07C1/00 ,  C10L5/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/36 ,  C10J2300/0909 ,  C10J2300/0916

摘要： A port assembly for controlling the delivery of gases into the horizontal rotating reactor such as kiln gasifier is disclosed for introducing reactant gases. The port assembly comprises a cylindrical conduit is divided into noncommunicating four or more sections extending through the entire length of the kiln and supported by the stationary end plates of the rotating kiln gasifier. Each section of the conduit communicates with external supply of the reactant gases and each supply of reactant gases is independently controlled in terms of the composition and quantity. Each section of the port assembly communicates with the interior of the kiln gasifier through the plurality of nozzles are confined in the lower part of the conduit. The number and the size of the nozzles in individual section of the conduit is based on the desired flow of gases and available pressure for the supply of the reactant gases.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于控制向卧式旋转反应器（例如窑炉气化器）输送气体的端口组件，用于引入反应气体。 端口组件包括圆柱形导管，其被分成延伸穿过窑的整个长度并由旋转窑气化器的固定端板支撑的非连通的四个或更多个部分。 管道的每个部分与反应物气体的外部供应物连通，并且每个反应物气体的供应在组成和数量方面是独立控制的。 端口组件的每个部分通过多个喷嘴与窑炉气化器的内部连通，被限制在导管的下部。 导管的单个部分中的喷嘴的数量和尺寸基于期望的气体流量和供应反应气体的可用压力。

公开(公告)号：US20040058207A1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-25

申请号：US10602536

申请日：2003-06-23

发明人： Terry R. Galloway

IPC分类号： H01M008/06

CPC分类号： C10J3/24 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/10 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1612 ,  C10J2300/1646 ,  C10J2300/1659 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0668 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02P30/10

摘要： The process and system of the invention converts carbonaceous feedstock such as coal, hydrocarbon oil, natural gas, petroleum coke, oil shale, carbonaceous-containing waste oil, carbonaceous-containing medical waste, carbonaceous-containing hazardous waste, carbonaceous-containing medical waste, and mixtures thereof into electrical energy without the production of unwanted greenhouse emissions. The process and system uses a combination of a gasifier, e.g., a kiln, operating in the exit range of at least 700null to about 1600null C. (1300-2900null F.) to convert the carbonaceous feedstock and a greenhouse gas stream into a synthesis gas comprising mostly carbon monoxide and hydrogen without the need for expensive catalysts and or high pressure operations. One portion of the synthesis gas from the gasifier becomes electrochemically oxidized in an electricity-producing fuel cell into an exit gas comprising carbon dioxide and water. The latter is recycled back to the gasifier after a portion of water is condensed out. The second portion of the synthesis gas from the gasifier is converted into useful hydrocarbon products.

摘要翻译： 本发明的方法和系统将碳，碳氢化合物油，天然气，石油焦，油页岩，含碳废油，含碳医疗废物，含碳危险废物，含碳化学医疗废物， 并将其混合物转化成电能，而不产生不需要的温室气体排放。 该方法和系统使用在至少700℃至约1600℃（1300-2900°F）的出口范围内操作的气化器（例如窑）的组合，以将碳质原料和温室气体流 成为主要包含一氧化碳和氢气的合成气体，而不需要昂贵的催化剂和/或高压操作。 来自气化器的一部分合成气在发电用燃料电池中电化学氧化成包含二氧化碳和水的出口气体。 一部分水冷凝后，后者再循环回气化炉。 来自气化器的合成气的第二部分转化为有用的烃产物。

公开(公告)号：US06397492B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-04

申请号：US09578222

申请日：2000-05-23

申请人： Donald E. Malley

发明人： Donald E. Malley

IPC分类号： B02C100

CPC分类号： A61L11/00 ,  A61L2/07 ,  B03B1/00 ,  B03B9/06 ,  B09B5/00 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/183

摘要： The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for separating and processing solid waste, often but not necessarily from municipalities (and so will be generically referred to herein as municipal solid waste or “MSW”), into useful products, and for reducing biohazards and putrid odors derived from MSW. The MSW is loaded into an elongated, generally cylindrically shaped rotating pressure vessel and is subjected to heat and pressure by the application of steam in specified amounts to break down the organic portion of the MSW into a cellulose feedstock, or a de-manufactured paper product, of uniform particle size and density. This product is then easily separable from other constituents of MSW, such as glass, aluminum and other metals, and plastics. The recyclables are recovered and sold in the market. The waste water from the process is reduced by processing through a water vamping apparatus. The apparatus and process disclosed herein, unlike any in the prior art, allows for an economically and technically viable industrial process and environmental solution, which have the potential to replace current landfill technology.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于分离和处理固体废物的装置和方法，所述装置和方法通常但不一定来自市政当局（并且在本文中一般性地称为城市固体废物或“MSW”），用于有用的产品，以及用于减少生物危害和 恶臭源自MSW。 将MSW装载到细长的，大致圆柱形的旋转压力容器中，并通过施加特定量的蒸汽进行加热和压力，以将MSW的有机部分分解成纤维素原料或脱模纸产品 ，具有均匀的粒度和密度。 然后，该产品可以很容易地与MSW的其他成分分离，如玻璃，铝和其他金属以及塑料。 可回收材料在市场上被回收和出售。 来自该过程的废水通过加湿装置而减少。 本文公开的装置和方法与现有技术不同，允许经济和技术上可行的工业过程和环境解决方案，其具有替代当前垃圾填埋技术的潜力。

公开(公告)号：US6084139A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-04

申请号：US205228

申请日：1998-12-04

申请人： Abraham Barend Van Der Giessen ,  Jacob Hendrik Obbo Hazewinkel ,  Klaus Jungk ,  Jan Pieter Lotens ,  Ruurd Andries Van Der Veen

发明人： Abraham Barend Van Der Giessen ,  Jacob Hendrik Obbo Hazewinkel ,  Klaus Jungk ,  Jan Pieter Lotens ,  Ruurd Andries Van Der Veen

IPC分类号： B09B3/00 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10L3/06 ,  C10L3/10 ,  F23G5/00 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/14 ,  C07C1/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/66 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10B53/02 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/62 ,  C10K1/003 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/007 ,  C10K1/024 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K1/122 ,  C10K1/32 ,  C10K3/001 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/1621 ,  Y02E50/14 ,  Y02E50/30

摘要： The invention relates to a method for processing waste or biomass material into valuable products such as, for example, combustible gases, which is characterized in that(a) the waste or biomass material is subjected to a pyrolysis at a temperature of 350-650.degree. C., advantageously 450-550.degree. C.;(b) the gas released in the course of the pyrolysis is subjected--without condensation--to a cracking treatment at a temperature of 1100-1600.degree. C., advantageously 1200-1400.degree. C., under the influence of oxygen-rich gas introduced from outside and possibly of steam;(c) the residue liberated in the course of the pyrolysis is gasified under a pressure of 0.5-1.5 bar, advantageously 0.8-1.2 bar, at a temperature of 1200-1700.degree. C., advantageously 1400-1600.degree. C., and is volatilized or, as the case may be, fused under reducing conditions;(d) the fused slag or metal concentrate obtained under stage (c) is discharged or, as the case may be, recovered;(e) the product gases obtained in the course of stages (b) and (c) are combined or not combined and then subjected to gas cleaning.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将废物或生物质材料加工成有价值的产品，例如可燃气体的方法，其特征在于（a）废物或生物质材料在350-650℃的温度下进行热解 有利地为450-550℃。 （b）在热解过程中释放的气体经过无冷凝处理，在1100-1600℃的温度下，有利地为1200-1400℃，在富氧气体引入的影响下进行裂化处理 从外面和可能的蒸汽; （c）在热解过程中释放的残余物在温度为1200-1700℃，有利地为1400-1600℃的0.5-1.5巴，优选0.8-1.2巴的压力下气化，并且是 挥发或（视情况而定）在还原条件下融合; （d）根据阶段（c）获得的熔渣或金属浓缩物排出，或视情况回收; （e）在阶段（b）和（c）中获得的产物气体合并或组合，然后进行气体清洗。

公开(公告)号：US5662052A

公开(公告)日：1997-09-02

申请号：US557656

申请日：1995-11-13

申请人： Michael J. McIntosh ,  Gregory G. Arzoumanidis

发明人： Michael J. McIntosh ,  Gregory G. Arzoumanidis

IPC分类号： C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/20

CPC分类号： C10B47/30 ,  C10B53/00 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10K1/026 ,  F23G5/0273 ,  F23G5/20 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1693 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/303 ,  F23G2201/304 ,  F23G2203/208 ,  F23G2203/212 ,  F23G2900/7006

摘要： A method of destructively distilling an organic material in particulate form wherein the particulates are introduced through an inlet into one end of an inner rotating kiln ganged to and coaxial with an outer rotating kiln. The inner and outer kilns define a cylindrical annular space with the inlet being positioned in registry with the axis of rotation of the ganged kilns. During operation, the temperature of the wall of the inner rotary kiln at the inlet is not less than about 500.degree. C. to heat the particulate material to a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. in a pyrolyzing atmosphere to reduce the particulate material as it moves from the one end toward the other end. The reduced particulates including char are transferred to the annular space between the inner and the outer rotating kilns near the other end of the inner rotating kiln and moved longitudinally in the annular space from near the other end toward the one end in the presence of oxygen to combust the char at an elevated temperature to produce a waste material including ash. Also, heat is provided which is transferred to the inner kiln. The waste material including ash leaves the outer rotating kiln near the one end and the pyrolysis vapor leaves through the particulate material inlet.

摘要翻译： 一种以颗粒形式破坏性地蒸馏有机材料的方法，其中颗粒通过入口引入与外部旋转窑组合并与外部旋转窑同轴的内部旋转窑的一端。 内窑和外窑定义一个圆柱形环形空间，入口被定位成与组合窑的旋转轴线对齐。 在操作过程中，入口内部回转窑壁的温度不低于约500℃，以将颗粒材料加热至约200℃至约900℃的温度 热解气氛，以便在从一端朝向另一端移动时减小颗粒材料。 包含炭的还原颗粒被转移到内转动窑的另一端附近的内外旋转窑之间的环形空间中，并且在氧存在的情况下在环形空间中从另一端的另一端向一端纵向移动到 在高温下燃烧焦炭以产生包括灰分的废料。 此外，提供了传递到内窑的热量。 包括灰分的废料在一端附近离开外部旋转窑，并且热解蒸气通过颗粒材料入口离开。

公开(公告)号：US5553554A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US317904

申请日：1994-10-04

申请人： Albert E. Urich, Jr.

发明人： Albert E. Urich, Jr.

IPC分类号： C10J3/06 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/46 ,  F23B5/00

CPC分类号： F23G5/027 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10K1/004 ,  F23G5/46 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1861 ,  F23G2202/101 ,  F23G2205/10 ,  F23G2205/121 ,  F23G2209/12 ,  F23G2209/26 ,  F23G2900/00001 ,  F23G2900/54402

摘要： A waste disposal and energy recovery system and method uses sub-stoichiometric combustion to gasify waste fuels into high temperature synthetic gas. The system minimizes the amount of flue gas exiting to the atmosphere. The high temperature synthetic gas is then combusted in a gas burner. The burner can be closely coupled to a heat recovery unit to facilitate radiative heat transfer. Some flue gas can be recirculated to maintain low combustion temperatures in both the kiln and the burner. Sub-stoichiometric combustion is accomplished in the rotary kiln in a counterflow configuration.

摘要翻译： 废物处理和能量回收系统和方法采用亚化学计量燃烧将废燃料气化成高温合成气。 该系统使排出大气的烟道气量最小化。 然后将高温合成气体在气体燃烧器中燃烧。 燃烧器可以紧密地耦合到热回收单元以便于辐射热传递。 一些烟道气可以再循环以保持窑炉和燃烧器中的低燃烧温度。 在反向配置的回转窑中实现亚化学计量燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US5070821A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

申请号：US548006

申请日：1990-07-05

申请人： Michael J. Virr

发明人： Michael J. Virr

IPC分类号： C10J3/56 ,  F22B31/00 ,  F23C10/00

CPC分类号： C10J3/56 ,  C10J3/005 ,  C10J3/726 ,  C10J3/84 ,  F22B31/0007 ,  F23C10/007 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0996 ,  C10J2300/1223 ,  C10J2300/1687 ,  C10J2300/1884 ,  C10J2300/1892

摘要： A rotary fluid bed gasifier which comprises: a rotatable drum having a circumferentially extending wall which is permeable to gases; a means for feeding a fluidizing gas through the wall into the drum; a bed of particles which, at least when the gasifier is in use, is supported on an internal face of the wall and is fluidized by the fluidizing gas; an outlet means for receiving a carbonaceous material from outside the gasifier and delivering the carbonaceous material to the drum; a means for introducing steam into the drum; a de-NO.sub.x boiler having a quench zone and a nitrogen fixing zone; a means for introducing secondary air disposed between the quench zone and the nitrogen fixing zone; and a means for introducing tertiary air disposed between the de-NO.sub.x boiler and a main boiler or furnace.

摘要翻译： 一种旋转流化床气化器，其包括：可旋转滚筒，其具有可透气的周向延伸的壁; 用于将流化气体通过所述壁进料到所述滚筒中的装置; 至少当使用气化器时，颗粒床被支撑在壁的内表面上并被流化气体流化; 用于从气化器外部接收含碳材料并将碳质材料输送到滚筒的出口装置; 将蒸汽引入滚筒的方法; 具有淬火区域和氮气固定区域的脱NOx锅炉; 用于引入设置在所述骤冷区和所述氮固定区之间的二次空气的装置; 以及用于引入设置在脱硝锅炉和主锅炉或炉之间的三次空气的装置。