公开(公告)号：US5315247A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-24

申请号：US996613

申请日：1992-12-24

Applicant: William J. Kaiser ,  Steven B. Waltman ,  Thomas W. Kenny

Inventor： William J. Kaiser ,  Steven B. Waltman ,  Thomas W. Kenny

IPC: G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01P15/13 ,  G01Q60/12 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  G01R33/02

CPC classification number: G01P15/0894 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01P15/131 ,  G01P15/132 ,  G01P15/133 ,  G01P2015/0828 ,  Y10S977/852 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for measuring gravitational and inertial forces, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy acting on an object or fluid in space provide an electric tunneling current through a gap between an electrode and that object or fluid in space and vary that gap with any selected one of such forces, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy acting on that object or fluid. These methods and apparatus sense a corresponding variation in an electric property of that gap and determine the latter force, magnetic fields, or wave or radiant energy in response to that corresponding variation, and thereby sense or measure such parameters as acceleration, position, particle mass, velocity, magnetic field strength, presence or direction, or wave or radiant energy intensity, presence or direction.

Abstract translation: 用于测量作用在空间上的物体或流体的重力和惯性力，磁场或波或辐射能的方法和装置提供通过电极和空间中的物体或流体之间的间隙的电穿隧电流，并且与任何 选择一个这样的力，磁场或作用在该物体或流体上的波或辐射能。 这些方法和装置感测到该间隙的电性质的相应变化，并响应于相应的变化确定后者的力，磁场或波或辐射能，从而感测或测量诸如加速度，位置，粒子质量 ，速度，磁场强度，存在或方向，或波或辐射能量强度，存在或方向。

公开(公告)号：US5284144A

公开(公告)日：1994-02-08

申请号：US35536

申请日：1993-03-22

Applicant: Jose Delannoy ,  Denis Le Bihan ,  Ching-nien Chen ,  Ronald L. Levin ,  Robert Turner

Inventor： Jose Delannoy ,  Denis Le Bihan ,  Ching-nien Chen ,  Ronald L. Levin ,  Robert Turner

IPC: A61B5/055 ,  A61N1/40 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/36 ,  G01R33/48

CPC classification number: A61B5/055 ,  A61N1/403 ,  G01R33/28 ,  G01R33/3628 ,  G01R33/4804 ,  Y10S977/865 ,  Y10S977/911

Abstract: A hyperthermia applicator/MRI probe assembly for hyperthermia treatment of a subject. The assembly includes a hyperthermia applicator for heating target regions of a subject and a MRI probe which is utilized to monitor temperatures within the heating region. The hyperthermia applicator and MRI probe are coupled to a control system which receives information from the MRI probe and utilizes the information to control the hyperthermia applicator so as to maintain constant, desired temperatures within the heating region. The hyperthermia applicator/MRI probe assembly of the present invention allows for temperature control within about 0.5.degree. C.

Abstract translation: 用于受试者的热疗治疗的热疗施放器/ MRI探针组件。 组件包括用于加热受试者的靶区域的热疗施加器和用于监测加热区域内的温度的MRI探针。 热疗施加器和MRI探针耦合到控制系统，其接收来自MRI探针的信息，并利用该信息来控制热疗施加器，以便在加热区域内保持恒定的期望温度。 本发明的热疗施加器/ MRI探针组件允许在约0.5摄氏度内进行温度控制。

公开(公告)号：US4992659A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-12

申请号：US386330

申请日：1989-07-27

Applicant: David W. Abraham ,  Hemantha K. Wickramasinghe

Inventor： David W. Abraham ,  Hemantha K. Wickramasinghe

IPC: G01R33/028 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01N27/82 ,  G01Q10/00 ,  G01Q20/02 ,  G01Q30/02 ,  G01Q30/04 ,  G01Q30/18 ,  G01Q60/10 ,  G01R33/10 ,  G01R33/12

CPC classification number: G01Q20/02 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01N27/82 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  Y10S977/852 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: Magnetic structures of a sample are imaged by measuring Lorentz force-induced deflection of the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. While scanning the sample, an a.c. voltage signal at a first predetermined frequency equal to the resonance frequency of the tip is applied to the tip for generating a current between the tip and the surface of the sample for causing the tip to undergo vibratory motion relative to the sample. The tip motion, indicative of the presence of a magnetic field, is optically detected. In an alternative embodiment for providing improved resolution the tip is made to undergo motion at a second predetermined frequency in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tip and normal to the surface of the sample. The tip motion is optically detected at the sum or difference frequency of the first and second predetermined frequencies for providing improved lateral resolution of the magnetic field measurements using a scanning tunneling microscope. In the alternative embodiment the sum or difference frequency, which ever is detected, is made equal to the resonance frequency of the tip. The magnetic field measurement and tip position are provided to a computer which, in turn, provides an output signal to a device for providing a graphical representation of the magnetic field at different positions on the surface of the sample.

公开(公告)号：US07379326B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-27

申请号：US10516009

申请日：2003-05-01

Applicant: Takashi Ushida ,  Nobuyuki Mori ,  Yoshimi Kamijo ,  Akihiro Okazaki ,  Akira Mitsuzuka ,  Rikizou Hatakeyama ,  Hideaki Ido ,  Ko Nakajima ,  Takehiro Takoshima

Inventor： Takashi Ushida ,  Nobuyuki Mori ,  Yoshimi Kamijo ,  Akihiro Okazaki ,  Akira Mitsuzuka ,  Rikizou Hatakeyama ,  Hideaki Ido ,  Ko Nakajima ,  Takehiro Takoshima

IPC: G11C11/00

CPC classification number: G11C11/16 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G11C13/025 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L27/222 ,  H01L51/0048 ,  H01L51/0052 ,  Y10S977/724 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: A high-capacity magnetic memory capable of writing and reading a magnetic record in/from a magnetic recording film according to a perpendicular magnetic recording system at a high speed in a purely-electrically random access manner. In the magnetic memory, a writing-magnetic-field generating means 62 and a writing word line 43 are disposed relative to a perpendicular magnetic recording film 50, and a reading/writing bit-line conductor 41, a magnetoresistive-effect element 20 and a reading word lead conductor 42 are laminated in order on a probe substrate opposed to the perpendicular magnetic recording film 50. A magnetic probe 30 composed of a carbon nanotube containing a soft magnetic material is disposed relative to the magnetoresistive-effect element 20 in a standing manner, and electrically connected to the reading/writing bit-line conductor. During a writing operation, a micro-discharge is generated in a micro-gap G between the edge of the magnetic probe and the magnetic recording film under a writing magnetic field to allow a writing current to flow through the micro-gap G so as to heat a micro-region of the magnetic recording film in such a manner that it goes through its Curie point to thereby become magnetized in the direction of the recording magnetic field to form a magnetic record therein. During a reading operation, the magnetic record is read out through the magnetic probe in accordance with a current variation in the magnetoresistive-effect element.

Abstract translation: 一种高容量磁记录器，其能够以纯电动随机存取方式以高速度根据垂直磁记录系统向磁记录膜写入磁记录。 在磁存储器中，写入磁场产生装置62和写入字线43相对于垂直磁记录膜50设置，并且读/写位线导体41，磁阻效应元件20和 读取字引线导体42依次层叠在与垂直磁记录膜50相对的探针基板上。 由含有软磁性材料的碳纳米管构成的磁性探头30相对于磁阻效应元件20以静止方式设置，并与读/写位线导体电连接。 在写入操作期间，在写入磁场下在磁探针的边缘和磁记录膜之间的微间隙G中产生微放电，以允许写入电流流过微间隙G，从而 加热磁记录膜的微区，使其通过其居里点，从而在记录磁场的方向上磁化，从而在其中形成磁记录。 在读取操作期间，磁记录根据磁阻效应元件的电流变化通过磁探头读出。

公开(公告)号：US20060092542A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-04

申请号：US10516009

申请日：2003-05-01

Applicant: Takashi Ushida ,  Nobuyuki Mori ,  Yoshimi Kamijo ,  Akihiro Okazaki ,  Akira Mitsuzuka ,  Rikizou Hatakeyama ,  Hideaki Ido ,  Ko Nakajima ,  Takehiro Takoshima

Inventor： Takashi Ushida ,  Nobuyuki Mori ,  Yoshimi Kamijo ,  Akihiro Okazaki ,  Akira Mitsuzuka ,  Rikizou Hatakeyama ,  Hideaki Ido ,  Ko Nakajima ,  Takehiro Takoshima

IPC: G11B5/02

CPC classification number: G11C11/16 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G11C13/025 ,  G11C2213/81 ,  H01L27/222 ,  H01L51/0048 ,  H01L51/0052 ,  Y10S977/724 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-capacity magnetic memory capable of writing and reading a magnetic record in/from a magnetic recording film according to a perpendicular magnetic recording system at a high speed in a purely-electrically random access manner. In the magnetic memory, a writing-magnetic-field generating means 62 and a writing word line 43 are disposed relative to a perpendicular magnetic recording film 50, and a reading/writing bit-line conductor 41, a magnetoresistive-effect element 20 and a reading word lead conductor 42 are laminated in order on a probe substrate opposed to the perpendicular magnetic recording film 50. A magnetic probe 30 composed of a carbon nanotube containing a soft magnetic material is disposed relative to the magnetoresistive-effect element 20 in a standing manner, and electrically connected to the reading/writing bit-line conductor. During a writing operation, a micro-discharge is generated in a micro-gap G between the edge of the magnetic probe and the magnetic recording film under a writing magnetic field to allow a writing current to flow through the micro-gap G so as to heat a micro-region of the magnetic recording film in such a manner that it goes through its Curie point to thereby become magnetized in the direction of the recording magnetic field to form a magnetic record therein. During a reading operation, the magnetic record is read out through the magnetic probe in accordance with a current variation in the magnetoresistive-effect element.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种高容量磁存储器，其能够以纯电动随机存取方式以高速度根据垂直磁记录系统向/从磁记录膜读取磁记录。 在磁存储器中，写入磁场产生装置62和写入字线43相对于垂直磁记录膜50设置，并且读/写位线导体41，磁阻效应元件20和 读取字引线导体42依次层叠在与垂直磁记录膜50相对的探针基板上。 由含有软磁性材料的碳纳米管构成的磁性探头30相对于磁阻效应元件20以静止方式设置，并与读/写位线导体电连接。 在写入操作期间，在写入磁场下在磁探针的边缘和磁记录膜之间的微间隙G中产生微放电，以允许写入电流流过微间隙G，从而 加热磁记录膜的微区，使其通过其居里点，从而在记录磁场的方向上磁化，从而在其中形成磁记录。 在读取操作期间，磁记录根据磁阻效应元件的电流变化通过磁探头读出。

公开(公告)号：US20040056657A1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-25

申请号：US10414997

申请日：2003-04-16

Inventor： Michael J. Hennessy

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: G01Q60/52 ,  G01R33/5604 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: Magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM) is a technology capable of detecting the magnetic resonance of a small number of spins and, potentially, a single spin of an electron or nucleus. Most methods use soft cantilevers with microscopic dimensions (microns) which have been developed for atomic force microscopy. Cantilevers have been both a solution and problem of high sensitivity force detection. They are difficult to fabricate and it is difficult to achieve the right sensitivity and stiffness with them. The proposed invention eliminates the cantilever and replaces it with small, magnetically sensitive objects called birdies, which are manipulated above a sample using electromagnetic field control. The basic principles of the cantilever-free MRFM are the same as those of traditional, cantilever-based systems. Motion of the birdie induced by magnetic resonance is monitored using optical interferometry. The magnetic resonance force microscope should have application in both material and biological research at the nanoscale level.

公开(公告)号：US06476386B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-05

申请号：US09532555

申请日：2000-03-22

Applicant: Jürgen Kirschner ,  Wulf Wulfhekel

Inventor： Jürgen Kirschner ,  Wulf Wulfhekel

IPC: G01N2300

CPC classification number: G01Q60/14 ,  G01Q60/02 ,  G01Q60/50 ,  G01R33/0385 ,  G11B5/00 ,  G11B9/1409 ,  G11B2005/0002 ,  G11B2005/0005 ,  Y10S977/861 ,  Y10S977/865 ,  Y10S977/881

Abstract: In a method for scanning microscopy, for which the surface of a sample is scanned point-by-point using a tunnel tip and locally resolved tunnel current measurement is performed, during scanning the tunnel tip is remagnetized by a predetermined remagnetization frequency, and from the tunnel current (It) or a z coordinate of the distance between the tunnel tip and the sample or a value derived from this, locally resolved signal components are derived, occurring at the remagnetization frequency and being characteristic for magnetic sample properties, whereby on the basis of the derived signal components an imaging of the magnetic structure of the sample surface is performed.

Abstract translation: 在扫描显微术的方法中，使用隧道尖端逐点扫描样品的表面并进行局部分辨的隧道电流测量，在扫描期间，隧道尖端被预定的再磁化频率再次磁化，并且从 隧道电流（It）或隧道尖端与样品之间距离的z坐标或由此导出的值，导出局部解析的信号分量，出现在再磁化频率处，并且是磁性样品特性的特征， 导出的信号分量是对样品表面的磁性结构的成像。

公开(公告)号：US06448765B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

申请号：US09429783

申请日：1999-10-28

Applicant: Hong Chen ,  Chester Xiaowen Chien

Inventor： Hong Chen ,  Chester Xiaowen Chien

IPC: G01R3302

CPC classification number: G01Q60/56 ,  G01R33/0385 ,  Y10S977/865 ,  Y10S977/934

Abstract: A magnetic force microscope (MFM) needle has a magnetic material with a magnetic moment that is pinned in a preferred direction. The magnetic moment can be of lower than conventional magnitude without risking an undesirable change in the direction of magnetization. The magnetic needle can have a ferromagnetic layer (or layers) that is stabilized by an antiferromagnetic layer (or layers). The needle can be employed as a magnetoresistance sensitivity microscope (MSM) to map the sensitivity of a magnetic sensor, such as a magnetoresistive (MR) or giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensor. Alternatively, the needle can be employed in measuring magnetic fields, such as with a high frequency magnetic force microscope (HFMFM).

Abstract translation: 磁力显微镜（MFM）针具有磁性材料，其磁矩被钉在优选的方向上。 磁矩可以低于传统的幅值，而不会造成磁化方向的不希望的变化。 磁针可以具有由反铁磁层（或多层）稳定的铁磁层（或多层）。 该针可以用作磁阻灵敏度显微镜（MSM）来映射诸如磁阻（MR）或巨磁阻（GMR）传感器之类的磁传感器的灵敏度。 或者，针可以用于测量磁场，例如用高频磁力显微镜（HFMFM）。

公开(公告)号：US06305226B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09385745

申请日：1999-08-30

Applicant: Bradley Paul Barber ,  Peter Ledel Gammel ,  Rafael Nathan Kleiman ,  Hugo Fernando Safar

Inventor： Bradley Paul Barber ,  Peter Ledel Gammel ,  Rafael Nathan Kleiman ,  Hugo Fernando Safar

IPC: G01N2900

CPC classification number: G01N29/06 ,  Y10S977/837 ,  Y10S977/849 ,  Y10S977/85 ,  Y10S977/852 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for imaging acoustic fields in high-frequency acoustic resonators. More particularly, the invention is directed to a scanning RF mode microscope system that detects and monitors vibration of high frequency resonators that vibrate in the frequency range of approximately 1 MHz to 20 GHz. The system then maps with sub-Angstrom resolution vibration modes of such devices and obtains quantitative measurements of the piezoelectric properties of the materials.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于对高频声谐振器中的声场进行成像的方法和装置。 更具体地，本发明涉及一种扫描RF模式显微镜系统，其检测和监测在大约1MHz至20GHz的频率范围内振动的高频谐振器的振动。 然后系统用这种器件的亚分辨率振动模式映射，并获得材料的压电特性的定量测量。

公开(公告)号：US06281495B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

申请号：US09198992

申请日：1998-11-23

Applicant: Shinichi Kitamura

Inventor： Shinichi Kitamura

IPC: H01J4840

CPC classification number: G01Q30/04 ,  G01Q60/08 ,  G01R33/0385 ,  Y10S977/852 ,  Y10S977/865

Abstract: There is disclosed a scanning probe microscope for producing a topographic image of a surface of a sample by noncontact AFM (atomic force microscopy). First, a first topographic image of the sample undergoing magnetic effects is produced from the resonance frequency of a cantilever by FM detection. Then, a second topographic image of the sample free of magnetic effects is produced from the amplitude of the cantilever by slope detection. The difference between these two topographic images is taken. Thus, a magnetic force image is produced.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种扫描探针显微镜，用于通过非接触AFM（原子力显微镜）产生样品表面的地形图像。 首先，通过FM检测从悬臂的共振频率产生经历磁效应的样品的第一个地形图像。 然后，通过斜率检测从悬臂的幅度产生没有磁效应的样品的第二个地形图像。 采用这两种地形图像之间的区别。 因此，产生磁力图像。