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    Fluid emulsification systems and methods
    264.
    发明申请
    Fluid emulsification systems and methods 失效
    流体乳化系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20010039482A1

    公开(公告)日：2001-11-08

    申请号：US09885649

    申请日：2001-06-20

    Inventor： John R. Satterfield

    IPC: G01B005/28 ,  G01B005/30 ,  G06F019/00

    CPC classification number: F02M7/103 ,  B01F3/04099 ,  B01F5/0451 ,  B01F5/0463 ,  B01F5/0473 ,  B01F5/061 ,  B01F2005/0034 ,  B01F2215/0086 ,  C10L1/00 ,  F02M19/03 ,  Y10S261/12 ,  Y10S261/26 ,  Y10S261/56

    Abstract: This invention describes systems and methods for mixing two fluids. A first fluid, usually fuel, can be passed through a primary passage that typically leads to a carburetor or other inlet to a combustion engine. A second fluid, usually air, can be mixed with the first by introducing it to the primary passage through an inlet located upstream in the primary passage. The mixture of fluids can then be further emulsified by passing it over a plurality of obstructions, such as a threaded interior surface of the primary passage, located within the primary passage downstream of the inlet.

    Abstract translation: 本发明描述了用于混合两种流体的系统和方法。 第一流体（通常是燃料）可以通过通常通向化油器或燃烧发动机的其它入口的主通道。 将第二流体（通常为空气）与第一流体混合，通过将其通过位于主通道上游的入口引入初级通道。 然后可以将流体的混合物通过将其通过多个障碍物（例如主要通道的螺纹内表面）位于入口下游的主要通道内进一步乳化。

    Fluid emulsification systems and methods
    265.
    发明授权
    Fluid emulsification systems and methods 失效
    流体乳化系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US06281253B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

    申请号：US09400403

    申请日：1999-09-21

    Applicant: John R. Satterfield

    Inventor： John R. Satterfield

    IPC: C10L100

    CPC classification number: F02M7/103 ,  B01F3/04099 ,  B01F5/0451 ,  B01F5/0463 ,  B01F5/0473 ,  B01F5/061 ,  B01F2005/0034 ,  B01F2215/0086 ,  C10L1/00 ,  F02M19/03

    Abstract: This invention describes systems and methods for mixing two fluids. A first fluid, usually fuel, is passed through a primary passage that typically leads to a carburetor or other inlet to a combustion engine. A second fluid, usually air, is mixed with the first by introducing it to the primary passage through an inlet located upstream in the primary passage. The mixture of fluids is then further emulsified by passing it over a plurality of obstructions, such as a threaded interior surface of the primary passage, located within the primary passage downstream of the inlet.

    Abstract translation: 本发明描述了用于混合两种流体的系统和方法。 第一流体（通常为燃料）通过主通道，该通道通常导致化油器或燃烧发动机的其它入口。 将第二流体（通常为空气）与第一流体混合，通过将其通过位于主通道上游的入口引入主通道。 然后通过将流体的混合物通过多个障碍物（例如主要通道的螺纹内表面）位于入口下游的主要通道内进一步乳化。

    Cryogenic propellants and method for producing cryogenic propellants
    267.
    发明授权
    Cryogenic propellants and method for producing cryogenic propellants 失效
    低温推进剂和低温推进剂的生产方法

    公开(公告)号：US5705771A

    公开(公告)日：1998-01-06

    申请号：US353927

    申请日：1994-12-12

    Applicant: Thomas M. Flynn ,  Thomas M. Murray

    Inventor： Thomas M. Flynn ,  Thomas M. Murray

    IPC: C06B47/06 ,  C06B47/12 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C06B47/00

    CPC classification number: C06B47/06 ,  C06B47/12 ,  C10L1/00

    Abstract: An improved cryogenic propellant which can be utilized as an improved rocket fuel, hypersonic vehicle fuel, aircraft fuel, explosive, or coolant is described. The improved cryogenic propellant is illustrated by a mixture of liquid hydrogen and solid methane. As an example, an approximate 50/50 mixture by weight of liquid hydrogen and solid methane has a mixture density approximately 2.0 times that of liquid hydrogen alone. This increase in density is partially offset by a loss in ISP of about 8 percent, compared to that of liquid hydrogen alone, with oxygen. Broadly speaking, more of the improved fuel must be carried for a given mission to compensate for the loss in ISP. However, this weight penalty is offset by the 200 percent increase in density. Increased fuel density reduces fuel tank weight and drag.

    Abstract translation: 描述了可用作改进的火箭燃料，超音速车辆燃料，飞机燃料，爆炸物或冷却剂的改进的低温推进剂。 改进的低温推进剂由液态氢和固体甲烷的混合物说明。 例如，液体氢和固体甲烷的大约50/50重量份混合物的混合密度仅为单独的液态氢的约2.0倍。 与单独使用氢气的氢气相比，这一密度的增加部分被ISP的损失所抵消了约8％。 一般而言，为了补偿ISP的损失，必须为特定任务提供更多的燃料。 然而，这种重量损失被密度增加了200％所抵消。 燃料密度的增加可以降低油箱重量和阻力。

    Fuels as solvents for the conduct of enzymatic reactions
    268.
    发明授权
    Fuels as solvents for the conduct of enzymatic reactions 失效
    燃料作为进行酶反应的溶剂

    公开(公告)号：US5697986A

    公开(公告)日：1997-12-16

    申请号：US631497

    申请日：1996-04-12

    Applicant: Michael J. Haas

    Inventor： Michael J. Haas

    IPC: C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/26

    CPC classification number: C10L1/00

    Abstract: The present invention describes a method of producing biofuels by carrying out the enzymatic transesterification of fatty acid-containing materials directly in automotive fuels.

    Abstract translation: 本发明描述了通过直接在汽车燃料中进行含脂肪酸物质的酶促酯交换反应来生产生物燃料的方法。

    Efficient utilization of chlorine and moisture-containing fuels
    270.
    发明授权
    Efficient utilization of chlorine and moisture-containing fuels 失效
    有效利用氯和含水分燃料

    公开(公告)号：US5485728A

    公开(公告)日：1996-01-23

    申请号：US152796

    申请日：1993-11-15

    Applicant: Norman L. Dickinson

    Inventor： Norman L. Dickinson

    IPC: F01K17/02 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10L1/00 ,  F01K3/18 ,  F01K23/10 ,  F02C3/26 ,  F02C3/28 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/16 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23G7/00 ,  F23G7/04 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23K1/04 ,  F23K3/00 ,  F23K3/02 ,  F01K17/00

    CPC classification number: C02F11/086 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10L1/00 ,  F01K3/188 ,  F02C3/26 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/16 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2201/80 ,  F23G2900/50214 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02E20/16 ,  Y02T50/672

    Abstract: Disclosed is a method and system for recovering energy from low-grade fuels such as industrial, municipal and agricultural waste, low-grade carbonaceous fuels such as lignite and similar solid fuels in which the fuel is comminuted into small particles and slurried in water. The alkali content of the slurry is adjusted to be at least about equal to the chemical equivalent of the halogen content of the slurry and, following pressurization of the slurry, it is heated sufficiently so that the substantial portion of chemically bound oxygen in the fuel separates therefrom as carbon dioxide, leaving a slurry including char particles and dissolved impurities such as halogen salts. The char particles are removed from the slurry and reslurried with just enough halogen-free water to provide the slurry with the needed viscosity to maximize the energy density thereof. The char particles are then reacted with air at a temperature below their ignition value to convert the fuel value of the low-grade fuel into thermal energy which is then further used, for example, to drive a turbine.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于从诸如工业，城市和农业废弃物的低等级燃料，诸如褐煤和类似固体燃料的低等级碳质燃料中回收能量的方法和系统，其中将燃料粉碎成小颗粒并在水中成浆。 将浆料的碱含量调节至至少约等于浆料的卤素含量的化学当量，并且在浆料加压之后，其被充分加热，使得燃料中化学结合的氧的主要部分分开 作为二氧化碳，留下包含焦炭颗粒和溶解的杂质如卤素盐的浆料。 从浆料中除去焦炭颗粒并用刚好足够的无卤水再浆化，以使浆料具有所需的粘度以最大化其能量密度。 然后焦炭颗粒在低于其点火值的温度下与空气反应，以将低等级燃料的燃料值转换成热能，然后进一步使用，例如驱动涡轮机。

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